STUDIES ON THE USE OF FABA BEANS IN RATIONS FOR LAYING HENS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. ROBBLEE ◽  
D. R. CLANDININ ◽  
R. T. HARDIN ◽  
G. R. MILNE ◽  
K. DARLINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Faba Beans

In two experiments, White Leghorn pullets kept in batteries were fed rations containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 or 30% raw faba beans (Vicia faba L.) for 336 days. The rations were designed to be isocaloric, isonitrogenous and to have equal levels of methionine plus cystine. The results obtained indicated that levels up to and including 20% faba beans in ration ssupplemented with methionine had no adverse effect on mortality, rate of egg production, efficiency of feed conversion or body weight. A level of 30% faba beans resulted in increased mortality, and decreased egg production and feed conversion in one experiment but had no effect in the other. Egg size tended to decrease as the level of faba beans in the ration increased, resulting in a considerable decrease in the percentage of "large size" eggs graded according to Canadian standards. There was an increase in interior quality of the eggs as measured by Haugh units as the level of faba beans used increased. Specific gravity of the eggs was not affected by use of faba beans in the rations.

Efficacy of Live Vaccines and Specific Prevention in Chicken Infectious Bronchitis

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Live Vaccines ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Variant Strain

Infectious bronchitis of chickens (IBC) is a highly contagious disease characterized by damage to the respiratory tract. Adult chickens exhibit respiratory symptoms, a 10-50% decrease in egg production, discoloration of the eggshell, deformation of the shell, and a deterioration in the marketability and breeding quality of eggs. The circulation of variant strains in poultry farms of the Russian Federation causes a significant decrease in egg production and the quality of the eggs obtained, causing significant economic damage to industrial poultry farming. The study aimed to presents materials and methods for the industrial and efficient use of live-vaccines against infectious bronchitis of hens from a variant strain. After the use of a live vaccine against infectious bronchitis of chickens from a variant strain, the development, live weight of chickens, and feed conversion during the rearing period were within the standard parameters. in present study, the safety for the growing period with a planned 97.6% was 98.8-98.9%. The uniformity of the herds when transferred to hen - hen was 94-95%. When carrying out immunoprophylaxis of IBS, local immunity is important, which can be ensured using a live spray vaccine - a method starting from the day old. When establishing circulation in the economy of variant strains of IBC virus, it is necessary to introduce vaccination against the variant strain into the scheme of treatment and preventive measures. The research results allow us to conclude that, for the effective prevention of chicken infectious bronchitis, immunization against IBS from variant strains should be introduced into the vaccine prevention scheme.

scholarly journals Metabolizable energy levels for semi-heavy laying hens at the second production cycle

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-862
Author(s):  
Fernando Guilherme Perazzo Costa ◽  
Janaine Sena da Costa ◽  
Cláudia de Castro Goulart ◽  
Denise Fontana Figueiredo-Lima ◽  
Raul da Cunha Lima Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion

This study was carried out to evaluate the energy levels in the diet to obtain better performance rates and quality of eggs from laying hens in the second production cycle. One hundred and eighty Bovans Goldline laying hens with 62 weeks of age were used during four 28-day periods. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four metabolizable energy levels (2,650, 2,725, 2,800, 2,875 and 2,950 kcal/kg), each with six replicates of six birds. The energy level of diet did not affect the weight of the egg, yolk, albumen and eggshell, the percentages of yolk, albumen and eggshell, yolk color and egg specific gravity. Feed intake, egg production, egg mass and feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen eggs increased significantly with increasing levels of metabolizable energy. Feed intake decreased linearly as the energy level in the diet increased. The metabolizable energy levels showed a quadratic effect on egg production, egg mass and feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen eggs. The metabolizable energy level of 2,830 kcal/kg was the most appropriate to promote better performance and quality of eggs from laying hens in the second production cycle.

scholarly journals Production of laying hens in different rearing systems under hot weather

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 37677
Author(s):  
Daniel Araujo Netto ◽  
Héder José D'Ávila Lima ◽  
Julia Rodrigues Alves ◽  
Bianca Corrêa de Morais ◽  
Mauricio Silva Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Randomized Design

 The environment is very important for the performance of laying hens; thus, techniques are required to improve production systems, providing better welfare for poultry and consequent increase in the quality of the final product, the egg. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rearing system, on the floor and in cage, on the performance and egg internal and external quality of laying hens. A total of 320 Hysex Brown laying hens, with 34-43 weeks days of age, was distributed in a completely randomized design, with two treatments, floor and cage, with 10 replicates each. The parameters evaluated were: individual feed intake, egg production per replicate, feed conversion per dozen eggs, egg weight; weight and percentage participation of shell, albumen and yolk, specific gravity, body weight variation and viability of birds. The results show that the birds raised on the floor showed best results as to egg production, besides the best internal and external quality, with greater weight of egg, yolk, albumen, shell and with lower losses of eggs. Because of the negative effects of the cage system, in general, hens presented lower results when compared to results of those raised on the floor. 

scholarly journals The effect of dietary phytase and various available phosphorus levels on performance and egg quality in Japanese quail

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaella Rossetto ◽  
Maurício Barreta ◽  
Marcos José Migliorini ◽  
Fabíula Pecher ◽  
Lenílson Fonseca Roza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Phytic Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

SUMMARY Birds show poor utilization of phytic phosphorus in their diets because of the lack of endogenous enzymes to digest phosphorus and make it bioavailable. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate phytase supplementation in the diets of laying quails. Eighty quails were used in a completely randomized experimental design with five treatments and four replicates of four birds each. The treatments were as follows: 0.35% Pd; 0.20% Pd; 0.20% Pd + 500FTUs of phytase; 0.09% Pd; 0.09% Pd + 500 FTUs of phytase. The birds were housed in metallic batteries during a trial period of 21 days, for evaluation of egg production, egg weight, feed intake and feed conversion. After being collected, the eggs were sent to the nutrition laboratory of the department of zootechnics of the CEO/Udesc, where analyses of albumin, yolk and shell quality were performed. The results were subjected to analysis of variance, and the differences between the averages were compared using the Tukey test at 5% of significance. No differences (P> 0.05) were observed in terms of performance and egg quality parameters. We conclude that the inclusion of phytase in the diet of laying quails can be accomplished without compromising the performance and quality of the eggs. Additionally, 0.09% of 22 disponible phosphorus can be used to grant adequate performance for 21 days.

Performance of laying hens fed on diets containing heat-treated beans (Vicia faba L. var. minor), cotyledons and hulls

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-701
Author(s):  
G. Olaboro ◽  
L. D. Campbell ◽  
R. R. Marquardt
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Vicia Faba L

SUMMARYTwo experiments were conducted to study the influence of heat treatment of Vicia faba beans on the productive performance of laying hens fed diets containing large proportions of the beans. In the first experiment, the effects of extruding and pelleting the beans were studied while in the second experiment the effects of autoclaving at 121 °C for 30 min the cotyledons and hulls of the beans were evaluated. Hyline-W36 layers were used in the first experiment while two strains (Shaver-288 and Dekalb) of birds were used in the second experiment. Each experiment lasted 5 months during which data on egg production, egg weight, feed intake, mortality and body-weight gain of birds were collected. The results obtained indicated that heat treatment (extruding, pelleting and autoclaving) of the beans, cotyledons and hulls had no beneficial effect on the productive performance of laying hens fed on diets containing large proportions of the heated beans, cotyledons and hulls. Egg-size reducing factors appeared to be concentrated in the cotyledons rather than the hulls of the beans.

Influence of high calcium rearing diets, Christmas Island phosphate and ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid on the laying performance of White Leghorn × Australorp hens

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (89) ◽  
pp. 944
Author(s):  
H Karunajeewa
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Reduced Rate

White Leghorn x Australorp pullets were reared on diets with either low (0.91-1.12 per cent) or high (1.45-1.93 per cent) levels of calcium; in the laying phase pullets from each rearing regime were fed diets with either sterilized bone meal or Christmas Island phosphate as sources of supplemental phosphorus. Each of these layer diets was supplemented with 0, 300 or 500 p.p.m. of EDTA. The level of calcium in the rearing diets had no significant effect on liveweight, feed intake or mortality of the pullets during either the rearing or laying phases. High calcium starter and grower diets, however, reduced rate of lay by 2.1 per cent (P < 0.05) and efficiency of feed conversion by 3.7 per cent (P < 0.01). There was also a non-significant tendency to lower shell thickness. The inclusion of 2.5 per cent Christmas Island phosphate in the laying diet, resulting in a daily intake of 46 mg of fluorine per hen, decreased rate of lay by 2.2 per cent (P < 0.05), hen-housed egg production by 11 eggs (P < 0.05) and efficiency of feed conversion by 5.0 per cent (P < 0.01). The addition of 300 p.p.m. EDTA to the laying diet significantly (P < 0.01) improved efficiency of feed conversion by 4.7 per cent. Neither the source of phosphorus nor the dietary level of EDTA had any significant effects on liveweight, egg weight, feed intake, shell quality or mortality.

scholarly journals Influence of Dry Rum Distillery Slops in Diets for White Leghorn Hens on Laying Rate, Feed Conversion, and Egg Size and Quality

1969 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-469
Author(s):  
Manuel Soldevila ◽  
Renato Irizarry
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Shell Formation ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Cane Molasses ◽  
Isocaloric Diets

Balanced (isonitrogenous and isocaloric) diets containing from 0 to 35% dried cane molasses rum distillery slops were compared using individually caged White Leghorn hens of the Kimber strain. When production and feed utilization were compared, a stepwise decrease, more pronounced with levels above 20%, was evident with increases in the slops content of the diets. Eggs were permanently stained and hens markedly soiled when consuming diets with levels of dry slops higher than 15%. Averages of egg weight, hen weight, broken-open egg height (inner quality), and shell thickness were not affected by levels of dry slops as high as 35% in the diets. The high levels of K, Mg, and SO4  present in the experimental diets did not affect the calcium metabolism involved in shell formation.

scholarly journals Antioxidants in Poultry Nutrition and Reproduction: An Update

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F. Surai
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
Poultry Nutrition ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

For the last three decades poultry production worldwide has made tremendous progress in terms of quantity and quality of meat and egg production, including improvement of growth rate and feed conversion rate [...]

Effect of triticale, lucerne pellets, furazolidone, ethoxyquin and oxycarotenoids on egg yolk colour and performance of crossbred layers

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (92) ◽  
pp. 396 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Karunajeewa
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Reduced Rate

In the first of two factorial experiments, 26-week-old crossbred pullets were fed for a period of 24 weeks diets with lucerne either in the form of meal or crumbled pellets, with or without 25 p.p.m. furazolidone and with 1 p.p.m. of either G-apo-8'-carotenoic acid ethyl ester or canthaxanthin. In the second experiment, crossbred hens aged 58 weeks were fed for a period of 16 weeks either triticale or wheat, or triticale plus wheat or wheat plus oats on a free choice basis with a concentrate mixture containing either 0 or 333 p.p.m. of ethoxyquin. Lucerne pellets reduced rate of egg production, hen-housed production, efficiency of feed conversion and the income per bird. It increased feed intake by 3.2 per cent and egg yolk colour by 2 per cent. Furazolidone increased hen-housed production and efficiency of feed conversion but had no effect on egg yolk colour. Pullets given diets with canthaxanthin laid eggs with higher yolk colour scores and specific gravity and converted feed more efficiently than those given the diets with G-apo-8'-carotenoic acid ethyl ester. The depressive effect of lucerne pellets on egg production and feed conversion was overcome by both furazolidone and canthaxanthin. Triticale reduced the concentration of oxycarotenoids in egg yolks, Hens given triticale tended to eat more, convert feed less efficiently and gained less liveweight than those given wheat, but rate of egg production and egg weight were unaffected. The performance of hens given triticale plus wheat fell between that of those given either triticale or wheat as the sole cereal. Hens given wheat plus oats tended to lay fewer but heavier eggs with lower yolk colour and gained less liveweight than those given wheat. Ethoxyquin increased the concentration of oxycarotenoids in egg yolks but had no effect on other production traits.

scholarly journals Alternative forced-molting methods in japanese quails

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-368
Author(s):  
Daiane Batista SILVA ◽  
Mônica Patrícia MACIEL ◽  
Cláudio Luiz Corrêia AROUCA ◽  
Felipe Shindy AIURA ◽  
Luiz Felipe Martins SOUZA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Japanese Quails ◽  
High Zinc

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different forced-molting methods on the performance and quality of laying quail eggs. The experiment was conducted in a conventional shed for quails and lasted 115 days. 480 Japanese quails at an initial age of 52 weeks were used. The following treatments were evaluated: total feed fasting (control treatment); corn and soybean bran diet; high- zinc diet (7,300 ppm); wheat bran diet; and ground corn diet. A fully randomized experimental outline was used with 5 treatments and 4 repetitions. Each lot was formed by 24 quails with a total of 480 birds. Performance (production and egg weights, feed intake, feed conversion ratio per kg egg mass and per dozen eggs, viable eggs and egg viability) and egg quality (eggshell thickness and yield, specific weight and Haugh unit) were evaluated. Treatment differences were compared using the Scott-Knott test (5%). Wheat bran and high- zinc diets yielded poorer averages of egg production and feed conversion ratioper dozen eggs. Studied treatments had no influence on egg quality. Hence, we can conclude that corn- only or corn and soybean bran only feeds can be adopted as forced molting methods in Japanese quails instead of traditional fasting methods.

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