DIETARY EFFECTS ON THE CONCENTRATIONS OF FREE AMINO ACIDS IN PLASMA AND WHOLE BLOOD OF PIGS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. KEITH ◽  
H. G. BOTTING ◽  
R. W. PEACE
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Urea Cycle ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Natural Diet ◽  
Accurate Reflection

The concentrations of free amino acids in plasma and whole blood of growing pigs were examined following an overnight fast and at 2 and 5 h after eating either a semipurified diet containing casein or a natural grain-based commercial ration. The plasma:whole blood (P:B) ratio of the concentrations of threonine, proline and tyrosine changed significantly (P < 0.01) with time after feeding; methionine and lysine showed the same effect depending upon which diet was fed. Aspartic acid, citrulline, ornithine and histidine tended to show similar responses. No effect was observed on the ratios for other amino acids. Treatment effects on plasma:erythrocyte ratios were similar to those on P:B ratios. The semipurified diet resulted in increasing plasma and blood concentrations of most amino acids for 5 h after feeding whereas concentrations of most amino acids decreased after 2 h when the natural diet was fed. The natural diet appeared to stimulate greater urea cycle activity according to plasma concentrations of urea cycle metabolites. The data indicate that for some amino acids metabolic state affects plasma and whole blood concentrations differently, especially when a semipurified diet is fed. Whole blood concentrations of these amino acids are not an accurate reflection of plasma concentrations.

Free amino-nitrogen exchange across the hindquarters of fed and fasted sheep and pigs

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret I. Chalmers ◽  
I. Grant ◽  
F. White
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Net Uptake ◽  
Net Flux ◽  
Nitrogen Exchange

SUMMARYFree amino·N estimations were used to monitor the movement of free amino acids in blood passing through the hindquarters of sheep and growing pigs. The net uptakeor release of free amino·N was calculated from arterio-venous differences in the concentration of free amino·N measured in whole blood and plasma at short intervals of time.In both species the net change was an apparent release of free amino·N into venous blood. The release increased on fasting. Net uptake of free amino·N from blood was occasionally found at single sampling times due to loss from the cell compartment in sheep and from the plasma compartment in pigs. The uptake measured in whole blood was always less than in a single compartment of blood. The greatest fluctuation in free amino·N concentration occurred in the cells of aorta blood.It is concluded that both blood cells and plasma have independent roles in the net flux of free amino·N requiring determinations of amino acids in both whole blood and plasma to describe the exchange of blood free amino acids with tissue. A negative arteriovenous difference of free amino·N in blood across skeletal muscle is normal for healthy well-fed animals. Fasting increases the negativity.

Milk Protein Quantity and Quality in Low-Birth-Weight Infants: II. Effects on Selected Aliphatic Amino Acids in Plasma and Urine

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Rassin ◽  
Gerald E. Gaull ◽  
Kirsti Heinonen ◽  
Niels C. R. Räihäa
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

The optimal quantity and quality of protein for low-birth-weight infants is undefined. In this study, 106 well, appropriate-for-gestational-age, low-birth-weight infants weighing 2,100 gm or less were divided into three gestational age groups and assigned randomly within each age group to one of five feeding regimens: pooled human milk; formula 1 (protein content, 1.5 gm/100 ml, 60 parts bovine whey proteins to 40 parts bovine caseins); formula 2 (3.0 gm/100 ml, 60:40); formula 3 (1.5 gm/100 ml, 18:82); and formula 4 (3.0 gm/100 ml, 18:82). The concentrations of the free amino acids in the plasma and urine of these infants were determined. The plasma concentrations of free amino acids were generally far greater in the infants fed the 3.0-gm/100 ml protein diets than they were in the infants fed pooled human milk. The plasma concentrations of free amino acids of the infants fed the 1.5-gm/100 ml protein diets were intermediate. In general, the concentrations of the free amino acids in the plasma of the infants fed the 3.0-gm/100 ml caseinpredominant formula (F4) were furthest from those fed pooled human milk. Glutamate showed the highest plasma amino acid concentrations in infants fed both the high- and low-protein casein-predominant formulas. This was true despite the fact that the intake of glutamate on the high-protein, whey-predominant formula was twice that on the low-protein, casein-predominant formula. The differences between groups in the essential amino acids in plasma were generally greater than those of the nonessential amino acids. The concentrations of amino acids in the urine tended to parallel those of the plasma.

Effect of Aging on Free Amino Acids and Electrolytes in Leg Skeletal Muscle

1979 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Möller ◽  
J. Bergström ◽  
S. Eriksson ◽  
P. Fürst ◽  
K. Hellström
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
The Difference

1. The concentrations of electrolytes and free amino acids in plasma and the quadriceps femoris muscle were studied in ten apparently healthy elderly men, 52–77 years of age. The results were compared with those previously recorded for men 20–36 years old. 2. The two groups of subjects did not differ with regard to serum electrolytes and intracellular water content but the extracellular water in the older subjects exceeded that of the younger group by about 50%. The muscle specimens of the elderly men were also characterized by a 40% elevation of their total contents of Na+ and Cl−, whereas the content of K+ and Mg2+ was almost identical in both groups. 3. The means recorded for the plasma concentrations of most amino acids tended to be higher in the elderly men. The differences reached statistical significance for tyrosine, histidine, valine, lysine and total essential amino acids. In keeping with the findings in plasma, the amino acid concentrations in the muscle of the older group tended to exceed those of the younger ones. The difference reached statistical significance with regard to total amino acids, essential and non-essential amino acids, aspartate, alanine, citrulline, histidine, arginine, leucine and lysine. The various mechanisms that may contribute to these findings are discussed.

Changes in plasma concentrations of free amino acids during and after the anhepaic period

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-476
Author(s):  
Kazuo Irita ◽  
Hirotsugu Okamoto ◽  
Hidefumi Inoue ◽  
Masahiro Umeki ◽  
Shoichi Inaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Plasma Concentrations

ENDOGENOUS RENAL CLEARANCE RATES OF FREE AMINO ACIDS IN PRE-PUBERTAL CHILDREN (Employing an Accelerated Procedure for Elution Chromatography of Basic Amino Acids on Ion Exchange Resin)

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Scriver ◽  
Eluned Davies
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Renal Clearance ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Clearance Rates ◽  
Basic Amino Acids

Six male and three female children in good health and between the ages of 3 and 10 years were studied. Fasting plasma concentrations and urine excretion rates of free amino acids were measured using automated ion exchange chromatography, utilizing a modified method for analysis of the basic amino acids. Endogenous clearance rates and net tubular absorption of plasma amino acids were also calculated. The plasma concentration of free amino acids is generally slightly lower than in the adult subjects and renal clearance rates are slightly higher. Less than 5% of the filtered amino acid load is excreted in the urine. Intra-individual variation tends to be smaller than inter-individual variation.

The free Amino acid Pool of the Haemocytes of Carcinus Maenas (L.)

1972 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-507
Author(s):  
P. D. EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Total Free Amino Acid ◽  
Whole Blood Sample

1. The presence of a large intracellular pool of free amino acids in the haemocytes of Carcinus maenas (L.) is described. It was found that 58 % of the total free amino acid concentration of a whole-blood sample was present in the cell fraction. 2. The blood-cell count for Carcinus was found to be around 33,000 cells/µl which corresponded to 1 % by volume of the whole-blood sample. Thus 58 % of the total free amino acid concentration of the blood sample is sequestered into 1 % of the total volume. 3. The pattern of the amino acid pool of the haemocytes is shown to differ from that of muscle and nervous tissue from Carcinus. In particular, the taurine molecule accounted for 50 % of the pool in the haemocytes. 4. Possible functions for the amino acids of the haemocyte pool are suggested and the results are discussed in relation to other studies on free amino acids in crustacean blood.

Serum concentrations of free amino acids in growing pigs exposed to diurnal heat stress fluctuations

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Cervantes ◽  
Nely Ibarra ◽  
Nydia Vásquez ◽  
Francisco Reyes ◽  
Ernesto Avelar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Serum Concentrations

Free amino acids in whole blood and plasma of two cyprinids, Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus (Cyprinidae: Teleostei)

1991 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Van Der Boon ◽  
Maria A.W.H Verhagen ◽  
Guido E.E.J.M Van Den Thillart ◽  
Albert D.F Addink
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Carassius Auratus
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