Changes in plasma concentrations of free amino acids during and after the anhepaic period

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-476
Author(s):  
Kazuo Irita ◽  
Hirotsugu Okamoto ◽  
Hidefumi Inoue ◽  
Masahiro Umeki ◽  
Shoichi Inaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Plasma Concentrations

Milk Protein Quantity and Quality in Low-Birth-Weight Infants: II. Effects on Selected Aliphatic Amino Acids in Plasma and Urine

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Rassin ◽  
Gerald E. Gaull ◽  
Kirsti Heinonen ◽  
Niels C. R. Räihäa
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

The optimal quantity and quality of protein for low-birth-weight infants is undefined. In this study, 106 well, appropriate-for-gestational-age, low-birth-weight infants weighing 2,100 gm or less were divided into three gestational age groups and assigned randomly within each age group to one of five feeding regimens: pooled human milk; formula 1 (protein content, 1.5 gm/100 ml, 60 parts bovine whey proteins to 40 parts bovine caseins); formula 2 (3.0 gm/100 ml, 60:40); formula 3 (1.5 gm/100 ml, 18:82); and formula 4 (3.0 gm/100 ml, 18:82). The concentrations of the free amino acids in the plasma and urine of these infants were determined. The plasma concentrations of free amino acids were generally far greater in the infants fed the 3.0-gm/100 ml protein diets than they were in the infants fed pooled human milk. The plasma concentrations of free amino acids of the infants fed the 1.5-gm/100 ml protein diets were intermediate. In general, the concentrations of the free amino acids in the plasma of the infants fed the 3.0-gm/100 ml caseinpredominant formula (F4) were furthest from those fed pooled human milk. Glutamate showed the highest plasma amino acid concentrations in infants fed both the high- and low-protein casein-predominant formulas. This was true despite the fact that the intake of glutamate on the high-protein, whey-predominant formula was twice that on the low-protein, casein-predominant formula. The differences between groups in the essential amino acids in plasma were generally greater than those of the nonessential amino acids. The concentrations of amino acids in the urine tended to parallel those of the plasma.

Effect of Aging on Free Amino Acids and Electrolytes in Leg Skeletal Muscle

1979 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Möller ◽  
J. Bergström ◽  
S. Eriksson ◽  
P. Fürst ◽  
K. Hellström
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
The Difference

1. The concentrations of electrolytes and free amino acids in plasma and the quadriceps femoris muscle were studied in ten apparently healthy elderly men, 52–77 years of age. The results were compared with those previously recorded for men 20–36 years old. 2. The two groups of subjects did not differ with regard to serum electrolytes and intracellular water content but the extracellular water in the older subjects exceeded that of the younger group by about 50%. The muscle specimens of the elderly men were also characterized by a 40% elevation of their total contents of Na+ and Cl−, whereas the content of K+ and Mg2+ was almost identical in both groups. 3. The means recorded for the plasma concentrations of most amino acids tended to be higher in the elderly men. The differences reached statistical significance for tyrosine, histidine, valine, lysine and total essential amino acids. In keeping with the findings in plasma, the amino acid concentrations in the muscle of the older group tended to exceed those of the younger ones. The difference reached statistical significance with regard to total amino acids, essential and non-essential amino acids, aspartate, alanine, citrulline, histidine, arginine, leucine and lysine. The various mechanisms that may contribute to these findings are discussed.

ENDOGENOUS RENAL CLEARANCE RATES OF FREE AMINO ACIDS IN PRE-PUBERTAL CHILDREN (Employing an Accelerated Procedure for Elution Chromatography of Basic Amino Acids on Ion Exchange Resin)

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Scriver ◽  
Eluned Davies
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Renal Clearance ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Clearance Rates ◽  
Basic Amino Acids

Six male and three female children in good health and between the ages of 3 and 10 years were studied. Fasting plasma concentrations and urine excretion rates of free amino acids were measured using automated ion exchange chromatography, utilizing a modified method for analysis of the basic amino acids. Endogenous clearance rates and net tubular absorption of plasma amino acids were also calculated. The plasma concentration of free amino acids is generally slightly lower than in the adult subjects and renal clearance rates are slightly higher. Less than 5% of the filtered amino acid load is excreted in the urine. Intra-individual variation tends to be smaller than inter-individual variation.

Plasma concentrations and tissue uptake of free amino acids in dogs in sepsis and starvation: Effects of glucose infusion — Some effects of low alimentation

Metabolism ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelakanthan Vaidyanath ◽  
Ronald Birkhahn ◽  
John R. Border ◽  
Garret Oswald ◽  
Gregory Trietley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Tissue Uptake ◽  
Starvation Effects

scholarly journals Changes in the plasma concentrations of free amino acids in relation to egg formation in the hen

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1071-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Taylor ◽  
J. J. Waring ◽  
R. K. Scougall
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Egg Formation ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements

1. The changes occurring in the free amino acids of the plasma of laying hens in relation to egg formation have been investigated in fed and starved hens in three experiments, each with eight birds.2. The mean concentrations of most amino acids and of the totals were higher at night than in the morning.3. In general, egg formation was associated with increases in the concentrations of non- essential and decreases in the concentrations of essential amino acids. Cystine and glutamic acid tended to behave like the essential amino acids.4. After 40 h starvation seven amino acids, particularly serine, histidine and lysine, in- creased in concentration and only three, proline, ornithine and arginine, decreased significantly.5. When eight cocks were injected with oestrogen most of the amino acids increased in con-centration. The essential amino acids (with the exception of phenylalanine), serine, proline, cystine and ornithine showed the greatest increases.6. The results are discussed in relation to the possibility that the voluntary food intake of hens may be influenced by changes in the plasma levels of one or more essential amino acids associated with the synthesis of egg albumen. Arginine appeared to be the only amino acid that might possibly fulfil this role.7. It was concluded that investigations of changes in the free amino acids of hen plasma are unlikely to provide a useful approach to a study of the amino acid requirements or the nutritive value of particular proteins for egg production.

DIETARY EFFECTS ON THE CONCENTRATIONS OF FREE AMINO ACIDS IN PLASMA AND WHOLE BLOOD OF PIGS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. KEITH ◽  
H. G. BOTTING ◽  
R. W. PEACE
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Urea Cycle ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Natural Diet ◽  
Accurate Reflection

The concentrations of free amino acids in plasma and whole blood of growing pigs were examined following an overnight fast and at 2 and 5 h after eating either a semipurified diet containing casein or a natural grain-based commercial ration. The plasma:whole blood (P:B) ratio of the concentrations of threonine, proline and tyrosine changed significantly (P < 0.01) with time after feeding; methionine and lysine showed the same effect depending upon which diet was fed. Aspartic acid, citrulline, ornithine and histidine tended to show similar responses. No effect was observed on the ratios for other amino acids. Treatment effects on plasma:erythrocyte ratios were similar to those on P:B ratios. The semipurified diet resulted in increasing plasma and blood concentrations of most amino acids for 5 h after feeding whereas concentrations of most amino acids decreased after 2 h when the natural diet was fed. The natural diet appeared to stimulate greater urea cycle activity according to plasma concentrations of urea cycle metabolites. The data indicate that for some amino acids metabolic state affects plasma and whole blood concentrations differently, especially when a semipurified diet is fed. Whole blood concentrations of these amino acids are not an accurate reflection of plasma concentrations.

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