RAPESEED MEAL VERSUS SOYBEAN MEAL AS THE ONLY PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT FOR LACTATING COWS FED CORN SILAGE ROUGHAGE RATIONS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. WALDERN
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Protein Milk ◽  
Supplemental Protein

Digestion, nitrogen balance, and a 112-day lactation trial were conducted with Holstein–Friesian cows fed corn silage as the only roughage, and concentrate rations containing either rapeseed meal (RSM) or soybean meal (SBM) as the only source of supplemental protein. The RSM and SBM consumed in the lactation trial represented 11.8 and 10.6% of the total daily dry matter intake, respectively. Digestibility of total ration crude protein was lower (P < 0.05) for RSM- than SBM-supplemented cows; nitrogen retention and efficiency of nitrogen utilization, however, was comparable for cows in the two treatment groups. Daily milk production, 4% fat-corrected milk production, percent milk fat, protein, and nonfat solids were greater (P < 0.05) for cows fed concentrate containing SBM than for those fed RSM as the source of supplemental protein. Milk production declined more for cows fed RSM compared with those fed SBM during the 112-day trial.

EFFECT OF CONTINUOUS FEEDING OF RAPESEED MEAL ON GROWTH OF DAIRY CALVES AND SUBSEQUENT FIRST LACTATION YIELD

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. INGALLS ◽  
M. E. SEALE
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Continuous Feeding

Thirty dairy heifer calves were reared from birth to calving on rations containing 0, 6.8 or 13.7% rapeseed meal in substitution for soybean meal. The level of rapeseed meal did not significantly (P > 0.05) affect feed intake, weight gain or feed efficiency of heifers up to breeding weight (330–340 kg). The level of rapeseed meal did not significantly (P > 0.05) affect reproduction or milk production during the first lactation. However, there may have been a trend for lower conception rate and milk fat production during first lactation with the higher level of rapeseed meal.

THE EFFECTS OF TOWER AND MIDAS RAPESEED MEALS ON MILK PRODUCTION AND CONCENTRATIONS OF GOITROGENS AND IODIDE IN MILK

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. LAARVELD ◽  
D. A. CHRISTENSEN ◽  
R. P. BROCKMAN
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein

Low glucosinolate Tower rapeseed meal (RSM), high glucosinolate Midas RSM and soybean meal (SBM) were compared in two separate 4 × 4 Latin squares with experimental periods of 35 days. Tower or Midas RSM was fed to lactating cows at 0, 5.7, 13.2 and 18.9% of the total diet (air-dry basis) and SBM was added to bring the protein level in the supplement for all diets to 18.9%. Replacement of SBM with Tower RSM resulted in a decrease (P < 0.01) in apparent digestibilities of crude protein and energy. Crude fiber and ether-extract digestibilities were not different. Daily digestible crude protein available decreased (P < 0.01) with higher levels of Tower RSM in the diet. Concentrations of thiocyanate in milk increased (P < 0.05) at all dietary levels of Tower and Midas RSM. RSM decreased (P < 0.05) the concentration of iodide in milk, with little effect due to Tower or Midas RSM or to level of RSM supplementation on the degree of milk iodide depression.

EVALUATION OF CORN AND SORGHUM-SUDAN SILAGES ON THE BASIS OF DRY MATTER INTAKE, DIGESTIBILITY AND MILK PRODUCTION

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-435
Author(s):  
L. J. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Daily Milk Production

Sorghum-sudan (S-S) silage and corn silage were compared on the basis of dry matter intake and milk production when fed to lactating cows and on the basis of digestibility when fed to wether Iambs. Although dry matter percent was lower for the S-S silage, 21.5 vs. 27.4, average daily dry matter intake was nearly the same, 63.4 vs. 64.4 g/kg W0.75 when compared with corn silage. Average daily milk production and total body weight change were significantly less (P < 0.05), 218.7 vs. 234.4 g/kg W0.75 and − 7.0 vs. + 10.7 kg, respectively, for cows fed S-S silage. Rumen fluid from cows fed corn silage contained a significantly lower molar percent acetic acid and higher butyric acid (P < 0.01) than rumen fluid from cows fed S-S silage. Digestibility coefficients were greater (P < 0.01) for corn silage dry matter, nitrogen-free extract, fiber and energy, but significantly less for protein (P < 0.01) when compared with S-S silage. The high nitrogen content and protein digestibility suggest that sorghum-sudan hybrids may be usefully employed in ruminant rations, although they are low in digestible energy content when compared with corn.

ALFALFA FED AS FORMIC-ACID-TREATED SILAGE, DEHYDRATED PELLETS OR HAY IN MIXED RATIONS WITH CORN SILAGE FOR LACTATING COWS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 945-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. LESSARD ◽  
L. J. FISHER
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Lactating Cows

Alfalfa was conserved as formic-acid-treated silage, dehydrated and pelleted forage and as field-cured hay, and used with and without corn silage for a digestibility trial with sheep. Digestibility of dry matter (DM) was higher for hay than for dehydrated forage but not higher than for silage. Crude protein digestibility was higher for silage and for hay than for dehydrated alfalfa. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility was lowest on dehydrated forage while hemicellulose digestibility was highest. The inclusion of corn silage in the diets increased digestibilities of DM, energy, hemicellulose and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) but decreased crude protein, and ADF digestibilities. A feeding trial using 20 lactating cows in a four-period changeover design compared silage, hay and dehydrated alfalfa, each in combination with corn silage as forage sources. A corn silage control was also used. Concentrate was fed at a ratio of 1 kg for each 4 kg of milk produced. Cows fed hay or pellets consumed more forage DM than cows fed only silages, but milk production was the same for the three alfalfa sources. Milk fat content was depressed by 0.5 percentage units in the milk of cows fed pellets. Efficiency of utilization of digestible energy (DE) and protein for milk production was higher for the alfalfa silage treatment than for hay or pellets. A lower acetic acid and a higher propionic acid concentration was measured in the rumen fluid of cows fed pellets than for cows.

scholarly journals Liquid Supplements for Lactating Cows Based on Liquid Streptomyces Solubles and Cane Molasses With or Without Condensed Molasses Solubles

1969 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Paul F. Randel ◽  
Bernardo Vallejo
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Cane Molasses ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Weighted Means ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Daily Milk Production

Four groups of 6 Holstein and Brown Swiss cows were used, 2 groups following each treatment sequence of a double-reversal experiment with three 28-day periods. Treatment A employed a liquid supplement of 80% liquid streptomyces solubles and 20% cane molasses, and treatment B, a modification of the same to include 10% condensed molasses solubles (CMS). These were provided free choice to the groups for about 6 hours daily, and replaced an equivalent amount of solid concentrate dry matter (DM), thus reducing individual concentrate allowances, which otherwise were 1 kg per 2.5 kg of milk produced above 5 kg daily. At night all the animals grazed together in pastures of moderate quality. Acceptance of both liquid supplements was excellent and intakes increased throughout the experiment. Overall means (weighing period 2 data doubly) of daily DM intake from supplements A and B were 3.15 and 3.22 kg. Solid concentrate allowances decreased progressively and corresponding mean intakes were only .82 and .83 kg. Milk production declined more rapidly than normal, reflecting a probable oversubstitution of liquid supplements and suboptimal intakes of digestible protein. Respective over-all weighted means for daily milk production were 11.80 and 11.65 kg; and for milk fat percent, 4.11 and 3.99. Various criteria of partial feed conversion efficiency, such as milk/supplemental DM, all slightly favored treatment A (ex., 3.11 vs. 2.96). Cost of total supplements/kg milk was about 8 cents for each treatment. None of the differences between treatments in any of the criteria studied was significant. The addition of 10% CMS to this type of liquid supplement would be a useful method of disposal of this waste product.

NON-CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF PROTEIN EFFICIENCY IN COMBIFEEDS FOR LACTING COWS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Симонов ◽  
Gennadiy Simonov ◽  
Зотеев ◽  
Vladimir Zoteev ◽  
Писарев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Sunflower Meal ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Camelina Meal ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Protein Milk

The purpose of research is improving the efficiency of use of feed concentrates for lactating cows newly calved by use in their feed the rapeseed meal and camelina meal. The feasibility of using protein components obtained from the seeds of cruciferous crops – canola and winter camelina has been determined in two trials for Hoilstein cows of Black-Motley breed. In the first trial it has been found that the inclusion of 5.0-10.0% rapeseed meal in animal feed provides the 1.4-3.4% increase in protein milk yield. Introduction into the feed 10.0-15.0% of camelina meal provides the 2.8-4.2%. Increase of milk production within the animal of experimentsl groups (in terms of milk 4% fat). The best indicators of cost per 1 kg of 4% fat milk have been found to be in the 2nd and 3d experimental groups: 8.53-8,57 MJ OE; 135-137 crude protein; 343-348 g of combifeed. Replacing of sunflower meal by 15.0% Camelina sativa in the combifeed-concentrate has raised nutrient digestibility of feed ration compounds. Profitability level of milk production has been 7.5 abs.% higher than the control.

THE PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING COWS FED UREA-TREATED CORN SILAGE IN COMBINATION WITH SOYBEAN OR FISHMEAL CONTAINING CONCENTRATES

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. ERFLE ◽  
S. MAHADEVAN ◽  
R. M. TEATHER ◽  
F. D. SAUER
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Lactating Cows

A total of 41 multiparous Holstein cows were randomly allocated, prepartum, to one of five diets. Diets were (1) a negative control consisting of 15.5% soybean meal (SBM) concentrate plus control corn silage (CS) (12.6% crude protein, (CP)); (2) 33.5% SMB concentrate plus CS (15.6% CP); (3) 15.5% SMB concentrate plus urea-treated corn silage (UCS) (15.1% CP); (4) 12% fishmeal (FM) concentrate plus UCS (15.4% CP); and (5) 26% FM concentrate plus CS (16.2% CP). Concentrates and CS or UCS were mixed (40:60, dry matter) daily and fed ad lib for a 305-day lactation period. An increase in dietary CP from 12.6% in the negative control to 15.4% by the inclusion of FM and UCS significantly (P < 0.05) increased 305-day milk production while a similar increase in CP by inclusion of SBM and UCS did not. Milk fat content (%) was higher (P < 0.05) for cows fed diets 2 and 3 than for those fed diets 1 and 5. Fat production (g/day) during weeks 13–16 of lactation was greater for cows receiving diets 2, 3 and 4 than for those on diets 1 and 5. Body weight gain during the lactation was significantly (P < 0.05) greater for animals on diet 5 than those on the other four diets. Compared to the negative control, rumen ammonia concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) elevated when soybean meal was fed alone or in combination with UCS but not when when FM was similarly fed. The results suggest that NPN was effectively utilized when used to increase total dietary CP from approximately 12 to 15%. Key words: Fishmeal, soybean meal, urea-treated silage, dairy cattle

scholarly journals PSI-3 Effects of housing cow-calf pairs in drylots vs pasture during the summer on cow performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 228-228
Author(s):  
Keiffer Sexton ◽  
Megan Myerscough ◽  
Wesley Chapple ◽  
William T Meteer ◽  
Keela Trennepohl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Cow Performance

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the effects of maintaining cows in drylots vs pasture on beef cow performance. Spring-calving, Simmental × Angus cows (n = 108; 84 ± 11 d postpartum) were stratified by age, BW, BCS, calving date, and sex of calves and allotted to 6 groups. Groups were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments for 110 d: drylot (DL) or pasture (PAST). Drylot cows were limit-fed a ration consisting of corn silage, dried distillers grains, hay, corn stalks, corn, and soybean hulls to meet protein and energy requirements. Cows on pasture were rotationally grazed and offered free-choice mineral. On d 0, cows were artificially inseminated (AI). On d 0, 53, and 110 (weaning), cow BW and BCS were measured. On d 54 milk production was estimated using the weigh-suckle-weigh technique. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. All binary data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. On d 0 and 53, cow BW did not differ (P ≥ 0.73) between DL and PAST. On d 110, DL cows had 74 kg greater (P &lt; 0.01) BW than PAST cows. The BCS did not differ (P ≥ 0.66) between treatments. There was no difference in milk production (P = 0.93); however, drylot cows tended (P = 0.10) to have reduced milk fat percentage and had reduced (P &lt; 0.01) milk urea nitrogen. There was no difference (P ≥ 0.34) in AI or overall pregnancy rates between treatments. There was no difference in foot angle or claw set (P ≥ 0.17) of cows at any time point. There was also no difference (P = 0.17) in foot treatments between DL (39%) and PAST (4%). Housing cows in drylots compared to pasture increased BW, but did not affect BCS, milk production, and pregnancy rates.

Effects of feeding peas to high-producing dairy cows

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Corbett ◽  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
E. K. Okine
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Nutrient Analyses ◽  
Protein Milk

The effect of substituting peas for soybean and canola meals as a protein source in a high-producing dairy herd was studied in 66 Holstein cows, divided into two groups based on stage of lactation, parity, level of milk production and days in milk. Two 18.5% crude protein grain concentrate diets were formulated based on the nutrient analyses of the forages available. The control grain mix contained standard protein sources, principally soybean and canola meal (SBM\CM) while the test grain mix was formulated to contain approximately 25% field peas as the major source of protein. Both grain rations were formulated to the same nutrient specifications and balanced for undegradable protein. The duration of the trial was 6 mo during which grain feeding levels were adjusted monthly based on milk yield. For cows in early lactation, 4% fat-corrected milk yield was higher (P < 0.05) for cows fed pea based concentrates (31.3 kg d−1) than for cows fed SBM\CM supplement (29.7 kg d−1). Fat-corrected milk yield was not affected by source of protein in mid- and late-lactation cows. Fat-corrected milk production was not different (P > 0.05) for cows fed SBM\CM compared with cows fed the pea supplement when cows across all stages of lactation were included in the analyses. Milk fat percent was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for early- and mid-lactation cows fed the pea supplement. The results suggest that peas can be substituted for SBM\CM as a protein source for high-producing dairy cows. Key words: Dairy cow, pea, soybean and canola meal supplement, undegradable protein, milk production

scholarly journals Performance and blood parameters of Holstein/Zebu crossbred heifers fed with two tannins sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e128922150
Author(s):  
Carla Giselly de Souza ◽  
Severino Gonzaga Neto ◽  
Lara Toledo Henriques ◽  
Gherman Garcia Leal Araújo ◽  
Luciana Thie Seki Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Significant Difference

The present research objective was to evaluate the performance and blood parameters of lactating cows fed with a diet of two tannin sources, based on sorghum (condensed tannin)  with increasing concentrations of tannic acid (hydrolyzable tannin’s). Increasing levels of tannic acid in a sorghum-based diet for five Holstein/Zebu crossbred lactating cows were subject to a 5 × 5 Latin square experimental design. To assess the effect on cow intake, digestibility, milk production, and blood parameters. All cows received 9.87 kg/DM of corn silage as roughage and 6.38 kg of concentrate consisting of 2.58 kg/DM of ground sorghum 0.87 kg/DM of cornmeal 1.32 kg/DM of soybean bran 0.44 kg/DM of wheat bran 0.2 kg/ DM of urea and 0.18 kg/ DM of mineral mixture. Diet 1 (control) contained low-tannin sorghum and the other diets contained high-tannin sorghum. The levels of tannic acid added to the diets were established based on the quantity of condensed tannin in high-tannin sorghum. Thus, diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 were supplemented with 1.5g (13.%DM), 79.5g (2.6%DM), 157.5g (3.9%DM) and 235.5g (5.2%DM) of tannic acid, totalling 0.078, 0.156, 0.234 and 0.321 total tannin kg/day respectively, to assess the effect on microbial protein synthesis. The diets contained 35 kg of corn silage (roughage) and 6.40 kg of concentrate. The natural and dry matter intake did not significantly differ between groups, except for ether extract (EE) intake that significantly differed. The DM apparent digestibility, crude protein, EE, neutral detergent fiber, total carbohydrate, and non-fibrous carbohydrate did not differ (P > 0.05) with the increase in dietary tannin supplementation. The GOT levels increased linearly. The blood glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol (total, LDL and HDL) levels did not significantly differ. Hemoglobin showed a significant difference. No significant difference in urea, creatinine and uric acid occurred. Diets using two tannins sources supplementation caused no decrease in the dietary intake or digestibility in the animals. The GOT level changed significantly, showing linear behavior, however below the toxicity level, without any change in the other blood parameters. Milk production decreased with the increase in dietary tannin supplementation. 

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