COMPARAISON DE DIVERSES METHODES DE CASTRATION ET DE STERILISATION DES AGNEAUX: I. INFLUENCE DE CES METHODES SUR LA CROISSANCE, L’EFFICIENCE ALIMENTAIRE, LE RENDEMENT A L’AHATTAGE ET LA RENTABILITE

J. M. BAILLARGEON; J. P. LEMAY; W. B. HOLTMANN; L. A. CHARETTE

doi:10.4141/cjas71-078

COMPARAISON DE DIVERSES METHODES DE CASTRATION ET DE STERILISATION DES AGNEAUX: I. INFLUENCE DE CES METHODES SUR LA CROISSANCE, L’EFFICIENCE ALIMENTAIRE, LE RENDEMENT A L’AHATTAGE ET LA RENTABILITE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas71-078 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 579-589 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. M. BAILLARGEON ◽

J. P. LEMAY ◽

W. B. HOLTMANN ◽

L. A. CHARETTE

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Intramuscular Injection ◽

Cadmium Chloride ◽

Complete Removal ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Dressing Percentage ◽

Breeding Groups ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted to compare various physical and chemical methods of castration of lambs at 15 and 60 days of age. Their effects on body growth, feed efficiency, dressing percentage and profitability were studied. At birth 100 lambs were divided among the 16 different treatments according to sex and the following breeding groups: Suffolk, North Country Cheviot, two-breed cross and three-breed cross. The different methods of castration were: complete removal of the testicles, Burdizzo, elastrator and partial castration. The sterilization methods consisted of intramuscular, intratesticular and intraveinous injection of cadmium chloride. All lambs were weaned at 30 days of age and placed in individual pens. They were subjected to similar environmental conditions and shipped to slaughter at approximately 45 kg body weight. Significant differences were observed among breeds, sexes and the various castration methods for daily gain, feed efficiency, days required to reach market and profitability. Age at castration did not have any important effect ort the variables measured. Superior gains, feed efficiency and profitability were observed for the partially castrated group, for the lambs that received an intramuscular injection of cadmium chloride and for the non-castrated males. All treatment groups involving males were superior to the females for the characters studied except for dressing percentage.

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401 Effect of zinc source and ractopamine hydrochloride on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of steers fed in confinement to harvest

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.329 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 160-160

Author(s):

John Wagner ◽

William T Nelson ◽

Terry Engle ◽

Jerry Spears ◽

Jeff Heldt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Feedlot Cattle ◽

Beef Steers ◽

Live Animal ◽

Zinc Source ◽

Dressing Percentage ◽

Ractopamine Hydrochloride ◽

Daily Gain

Abstract Four hundred and thirty-two beef steers (346.3 ± 63.7 kg BW) were used to determine the effects of Zn source on feedlot cattle fed ractopamine hydrochloride. Cattle were blocked in groups of 54 by BW and housed in 48 pens containing 9 steers per pen. Pens within a weight block were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, with factors being: 1) 0 or 30.1 mg of ractopamine HCl/kg DM fed during the final 29 days on feed; and 2) Zn source: 90 mg of supplemental Zn/kg DM from ZnSO4; Zn sulfate (67%) + Zn methionine (33%); and Zn from Zn hydroxychloride, fed through the entire feeding period. Cattle were fed a high concentrate finishing diet for 154 d and slaughtered at a commercial abattoir. Average daily gain, DMI, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics were determined after slaughter. Zinc source had no impact on live animal performance. Cattle fed ractopamine HCl had greater (P < 0.01) final BW, greater (P < 0.001) ADG, improved (P < 0.001) G:F, heavier (P < 0.01) HCW, and larger (P < 0.05) longissimus muscle compared to non-ractopamine supplemented steers. There was a Zn source by ractopamine interaction (P < 0.01) for dressing percentage. Cattle receiving ractopamine HCl with Zn hydroxychloride had a greater dressing percentage (P < 0.05) when compared to ractopamine HCl cattle fed other Zn sources. Cattle receiving ractopamine HCl with Zn sulfate had a lesser dressing percentage (P < 0.05) when compared to ractopamine HCl cattle fed other Zn sources. Additional Zn source by ractopamine HCl interactions were not significant. These data indicate that Zn source has minimal impacts on feedlot steer performance and carcass characteristics when supplemented to cattle receiving 0.0 or 30.1 mg of ractopamine HCl/kg DM.

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EFFECTS OF LEVELS OF DRIED APPLE POMACE IN SWINE RATIONS ON GROWTH RATE, FEED EFFICIENCY, CARCASS QUALITY AND SIZE OF CERTAIN ORGANS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas59-005 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 26-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

D. M. Bowden ◽

J. C. Berry

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Apple Pomace ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Carcass Quality ◽

Dressing Percentage ◽

Daily Gain

Two experiments, involving 84 Yorkshire feeder pigs, were conducted to test rations containing various levels of dried apple pomace. In the first experiment dried apple pomace was used at levels of 0,10,20, and 30 per cent by weight of the ration and in the second experiment at 0,20, and 40 per cent.At pomace levels up to 20 per cent no significant change occurred in daily gain, dressing percentage, carcass quality or weight of heart, liver, spleen or small intestine, in either experiment. In the second experiment, there was significantly greater feed consumption per unit of gain, heavier large intestine and lighter stomach at the 20 per cent pomace level. Increasing the pomace level to 40 per cent resulted in significantly slower growth, lower dressing percentage, greater feed consumption per unit gain, leaner carcass, heavier liver, lighter stomach, and heavier large intestine.In the second experiment, an estimated difference of 2–3 per cent crude protein in the two rations fed at each pomace level had no significant effect on any of the characteristics or organs studied.

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EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE OF MILK REPLACER AND METHOD OF FEEDING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF HOLSTEIN VEAL CALVES

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas72-077 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 659-664 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

PAUL FLIPOT ◽

GASPARD LALANDE ◽

M. H. FAHMY

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Milk Replacer ◽

Feeding Method ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Dressing Percentage ◽

Ad Libitum Intake ◽

Daily Gain

The influences of the temperatures of milk replacer (warm, 37 C; room, 18 C; or cold, 1.5 C) and of feeding method (limited vs. ad libitum intake) on body weight gain, age at slaughter (100 kg liveweight), dressing percentage, and feed efficiency were studied on 30 and 36 Holstein male calves raised in 1970 and 1971, respectively. Calves reared on cold milk grew 0.124 and 0.142 kg/head per day (P < 0.05) slower than those reared on milk at room or warm temperatures, respectively. Calves reared at room temperature had 0.12 kg (dry matter/body gain) lower feed efficiency and about 0.6% higher dressing percentage. Calves fed ad libitum were superior to those fed limited intake in daily gain (0.043 kg), age at slaughter (4.3 days), dressing percentage (1.8%, P < 0.05), but were inferior in feed efficiency (0.27 kg). The present findings indicated that feeding limited intake of cold milk should be avoided because this treatment resulted in high mortality and several cases of inanition. Year differences were significant (P < 0.01) on dressing percentage and feed efficiency.

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Effect of Testosterone Propionate on Growing Fattening Barrows

The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico ◽

10.46429/jaupr.v54i1.11106 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

G. Rosado Carbó ◽

Ismael Carlo

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Intramuscular Injection ◽

Testosterone Propionate ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Backfat Thickness ◽

Intramuscular Dose ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Final Weight ◽

Agricultural Experiment ◽

Dressing Percentage

An experiment was conducted at the Lajas Agricultural Experiment Substation to determine the effect of injectable testosterone propionate on growing fattening barrows. The intramuscular injection at weaning time of 50 mg. of testosterone propionate into each ham caused no significant difference in rate of gain, final weight, feed efficiency, loin-eye area, backfat thickness and dressing percentage. It thus is concluded that a single intramuscular dose of 100 mg. of testosterone propionate at weaning time does not cause any significant effect on growth and carcass characteristics of fattening barrows. The possible effect of repeated dosages of testosterone propionate at different intervals in fattening barrows was not determined.

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Modification of Collagen for Biomedical Applications: A Review of Physical and Chemical Methods

Current Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1385272820666151102213025 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (17) ◽

pp. 1797-1812 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Xiaoyue Yu ◽

Cuie Tang ◽

Shanbai Xiong ◽

Qijuan Yuan ◽

Zhipeng Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Applications ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Physical And Chemical

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Biomedical Applications and Patents on Metallic Nanoparticles

Nanoscience &Nanotechnology-Asia ◽

10.2174/2210681210999200430005827 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Geetanjali Singh ◽

Pramod Kumar Sharma ◽

Rishabha Malviya

Keyword(s):

Metallic Nanoparticles ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Size Range ◽

Biomedical Application ◽

Chemical Reduction ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Future Challenges ◽

Biological Methods ◽

Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy ◽

Physical And Chemical

Aim/Objective: The author writes the manuscript by reviewing the literatures related to the biomedical application of metallic nanoparticles. The term metal nanoparticles are used to describe the nanosized metals with the dimension within the size range of 1-100 nm. Methods: The preparation of metallic nanoparticles and their application is an influential area for research. Among various physical and chemical methods (viz. chemical reduction, thermal decomposition, etc.) for synthesizing silver nanoparticles, biological methods have been suggested as possible eco-friendly alternatives. The synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is having many problems inclusive of solvent toxicity, the formation of hazardous byproducts and consumption of energy. So it is important to design eco-friendly benign procedures for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. Results: From the literature survey, we concluded that metallic nanoparticles have applications in the treatment of different diseases. Metallic nanoparticles are having a great advantage in the detection of cancer, diagnosis, and therapy. And it can also have properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-angiogenic. Conclusion: In this review, recent upcoming advancement of biomedical application of nanotechnology and their future challenges has been discussed.

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PSIV-B-28 Late-Breaking: Performance and carcass quality of Nelore bull’s progenies with contrasting traits for precocity, growth and muscularity

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.644 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 319-321

Author(s):

Taiane S Martins ◽

Juliana Silva ◽

Lenise Mueller ◽

Tamyres Amorim ◽

Annelise Aila G Lobo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Backfat Thickness ◽

Longissimus Muscle ◽

Muscle Area ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Fat Thickness ◽

Nelore Cattle ◽

Daily Gain

Abstract The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance and the carcass traits of Nelore cattle progenies from bulls selected by contrasting traits for precocity, growth and muscularity, through the Expected Progeny Difference (EPD). One hundred and five Nelore bulls (initial weight of 350kg±15kg) and 20 months of age were confined and fed with same diet (73% of concentrate). Thirty-two animals were selected to create the contrasting groups for precocity, growth and muscularity (16 animals assigned as a low EPD group - LEPD and 16 animals assigned as a high EPD group - HEPD), based on the EPD of their parents. The ribeye area and backfat thickness were performed by ultrasonography of 12–13th rib fat thickness and longissimus muscle area (LMA), as well as rump fat thickness (RF) measurements. Animals were harvested after 100 days and during the deboning, meat cuts were weight for cutting yield. The animals selected for the HEPD group had greater average daily gain (P = 0.006), which can be explained by the higher feed intake (P = 0.006). However, there are no difference between groups for the final body weight (P = 0.254) and feed efficiency (P = 0.715). The LEPD group presented higher dressing percentage (P = 0.028). Although the groups evaluated did not presented difference in LMA (P = 0.329) and weight of longissimus muscle (P = 0.480), the weight of rump displayed heaviest in the HEPD (P = 0.037). There was no difference between groups for RF (P = 0.086). Nevertheless, backfat thickness was higher in HEPD group (P = 0.006). The present study indicates that Nelore cattle progenies, with parents displaying higher potential for precocity, growth, and muscularity, show greater backfat thickness and weightiest of rump than the other genetic backgrounds. Thanks to FAPESP for the scholarship (Grant # 2017/02349–1).

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PSVIII-35 Late-Breaking Abstract: Administration of an appeasing substance at castration improves performance of pre-conditioned beef crossbred steers

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.613 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 347-348

Author(s):

Kelsey Schubach ◽

Bruno I Cappellozza ◽

Marcos Renato Burim ◽

André Velasco ◽

Fernando Sagrado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Minimum Distance ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Water Restriction ◽

Improve Performance ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Improved Performance ◽

To Receive

Abstract Alternatives that alleviate stress-related responses and improve performance of the beef cattle herd are imperative and deserve further investigation. In previous trials, administration of the bovine appeasing substance (BAS) has improved performance of newly-weaned and feedlot received beef animals, as well as reduced the risk of dark, firm, and dry (DFD) cuts in carcass obtained from Bos indicus cattle. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of BAS administration at castration on pre-conditioning performance of crossbred beef animals. On day 0, 390 crossbred Angus × Nellore animals were ranked by initial shrunk BW (255 ± 21.1 kg) and assigned to receive or not (CON) 5 mL/head of BAS (SecureCattle; Nutricorp, Araras, SP, Brazil) immediately before castration. From d 0 to 30, animals within treatments were maintained in 2 feedot pens with a minimum distance (300 m) to avoid contact between treatment groups and received a grass hay-based diet (70:30 roughage:concentrate ratio) ad libitum. On day 30, animals were individually weighed following 16 hours of feed and water restriction. Hence, a descriptive analysis was performed to evaluate pen dry matter intake (DMI) and feed efficiency (FE). Animal was considered the experimental unit and all data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS (version 9.4; SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). Bovine appeasing substance administration at castration improved ADG and BW change (P < 0.0001) compared with CON cohorts (0.983 vs. 1.155 kg/d and 29.5 vs. 34.6 kg for ADG and BW change, respectively). Total DMI was similar among treatments when reported as kg/d (6.70 vs. 6.75 kg) or % of BW (2.48 vs. 2.48%), whereas FE was dramatically improved in BAS-administered animals (146 vs. 172 g/kg for CON and BAS, respectively). In summary, BAS administration improved performance of crossbred beef animals for 30 days post-castration.

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Nucleotide Supplementation to Whole Milk Has Beneficial Effects on Post-Weaning Holstein Calf Performance

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 218

Author(s):

Yousef Abbaslou ◽

Davood Zahmatkesh ◽

Ehsan Mahjoubi ◽

Mehdi Hossein Yazdi ◽

Hamed Beiranvand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Free Access ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Whole Milk ◽

Calf Performance ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Fecal Score

The positive effects of nucleotide (NU) supplementation in milk replacer have been elucidated in infants and in dairy calves; however, NU addition to whole milk has not been evaluated previously. This study aimed to assess NU supplementation in the whole milk on calf growth and health. Thirty Holstein calves (body weight: 39.1 ± 1.0 kg; 3 d after birth) were randomly assigned to the following treatments: whole milk without any supplementation (NU0), whole milk + 0.5 g/d added a NU-containing supplement to whole milk (NUCS0.5), and whole milk + 1 g/d added a NU-containing supplement to whole milk (NUCS1). Calves were weaned at d 55 and stayed on study until d 75. Calves had free access to feed and water throughout the study. Dry matter intakes (DMI) were similar among treatments (p > 0.05) during the pre-weaning period; however, increasing NU resulted in a linear (p < 0.05) increase in DMI during the post weaning period (2158, 2432, and 2518 g/d for NU0, NUCS0.5, and NUCS1, respectively). Treatments did not affect body weight (BW) at the first and second month of study, but final BW linearly increased as NU was added (87.1, 90.6, and 95.4 kg for NU0, NUCS0.5, and NUCS1, respectively). Neither pre-weaning average daily gain nor post-weaning average daily gain was affected by treatments; accordingly, feed efficiency was similar among treatment groups. Days with loose fecal score were linearly decreased as NU was added to whole milk during the first month of life, while the fecal score did not differ among treatments until the end of the study. No difference was observed in the skeletal growth of calves in the current study. Therefore, it can be concluded that NU supplementation in the whole milk has some beneficial effects on calf performance in terms of final BW, post-weaning DMI, and less days with loose feces.

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