COPPER, ZINC, MANGANESE AND IRON VARIATION IN FIVE FEEDS FOR RUMINANTS

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. MILTIMORE ◽  
J. L. MASON ◽  
D. L. ASHBY
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Recommended Level

Samples of legume hay, grass hay, corn silage, oat forage and grains grown throughout British Columbia were analyzed to determine Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe concentrations and these concentrations were compared with the British Agricultural Research Council minimum requirements for cattle. Approximately 95% of all feeds were below 10 ppm Cu, the recommended minimum for cattle. These data provide the first indication of a general simple copper deficiency in British Columbia, whereas previous reports for British Columbia and Canada concerned pockets of copper deficiency resulting from molybdenum toxicity. Some 95% of the samples were below the minimum recommended level of 50 ppm Zn. Manganese concentrations were somewhat higher, with only 40% of the samples below the recommended minimum of 40 ppm Mn. Twenty-five percent of the grass samples contained above 151 ppm Mn. The average Fe concentration for all feeds was well above the suggested minimum requirement of 30 ppm. Some 15% of the samples were sevenfold the minimum recommended. These analyses suggest the need for greatly increased levels of Cu and Zn supplementation for cattle on winter feed. There is also need for Mn supplementation where legume hays and corn silages are fed in British Columbia.

scholarly journals IRON, MANGANESE, COPPER, ZINC AND SELENIUM CONCENTRATIONS IN ALBERTA GRAINS AND ROUGHAGES

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. REDSHAW ◽  
P. J. MARTIN ◽  
D. H. LAVERTY
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
The Mean

Samples of barley, oat and wheat grain, barley, oat, barley–oat, grass, legume and grass–legume roughage grown throughout Alberta were analyzed for Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations. In addition, the barley grain and grass–legume roughage samples were analyzed for Se concentrations. The various element concentrations were compared with Agricultural Research Council and National Academy of Sciences–National Research Council minimum requirements for cattle. The geographic distribution of these concentrations within Alberta was also examined. The mean Fe concentrations for all feeds were well above the suggested minimum requirement of 30 ppm. On the other hand, the mean Zn concentrations for all feeds were below the suggested minimum requirement of 50 ppm. Mean Mn concentrations of barley grain, barley roughage and legume roughage were less than the suggested minimum requirement of 40 ppm. Wheat grain was the only feed showing a mean Cu concentration of less than the suggested minimum requirement of 10 ppm. Mean Se concentrations of barley grain and grass–legume roughage were above the suggested minimum requirement of 100 ppb. With the exception of Se in barley grain there were no geographic differences in elements evident within Alberta. Selenium in barley grain showed highest concentrations in the south and southeast of the Province with greater occurrence of low concentrations towards the west, north and northwest.

NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS IN GRASS AND LEGUME FORAGES OF NORTHWESTERN MANITOBA

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 991-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. DRYSDALE ◽  
T. J. DEVLIN ◽  
L. E. LILLIE ◽  
W. K. FLETCHER ◽  
K. W. CLARK
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Swan River

Concentrations of Mo, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, N, Ca, P, Mg and K were determined in native and introduced grasses and legume forages from throughout northwestern Manitoba. Nutrient concentrations were compared with minimum requirements of cattle suggested by the Agricultural Research Council and the National Academy of Sciences–National Research Council. Differences in Mo concentrations were noted in forages between two geologic subareas within the study area. Cu and Mo concentrations suggested potentials for primary Cu deficiency in grasses throughout the region, and for Mo-induced Cu deficiency with grasses west of the Swan River formation and with legumes from all areas within the region. Throughout the study area, concentrations of Zn and Mn were found to be at deficient levels while those of Fe and Ca were found to be at adequate to excessive levels for cattel production. N and P concentrations in all forages were borderline to adequate, while Mg and K concentrations of grass forages were deficient to borderline with relation to the requirement of cattle.

XIV.—Rowett Research Institute

1951 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-276
Author(s):  
D. P. Cuthbertson
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
The North ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
The University

The Rowett Institute for research on animal nutrition had its origin under a scheme for promoting scientific research in agriculture adopted by the Development Commission in 1911.The Governing Body, which originally consisted of an equal number of members appointed by the Court of the University of Aberdeen and the Governors of the North of Scotland College of Agriculture, was constituted in 1913. Within recent years it has been expanded to include persons nominated by the Secretary of State for Scotland, the Royal Society, the Royal Society of Edinburgh, the Agricultural Research Council, and the Medical Research Council. Research work was begun in temporary accommodation in Marischal College in 1914, under the direction of Dr John Boyd Orr—now Lord Boyd-Orr—who continued as Director until his retirement in 1945.

Changes in phosphorus metabolism of sheep in response to the increased demands for P associated with an intravenous infusion of calcium

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Braithwaite
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Close Association ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Metabolism ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
P Absorption ◽  
P Retention

SummaryThe effect on phosphorus and calcium metabolism of a high rate of Ca infused directly into the blood of 10-month-old sheep, already receiving an adequate Ca and P intake, has been studied by a combination of balance and radioisotope techniques. Ca retention was significantly increased during the infusion and most of the extra Ca was retained in bone. Urinary Ca excretion also showed a small but significant increase and the efficiency of Ca absorption a small but significant decrease. Because of the close association of Ca and P in bone, the increased skeletal retention of Ca resulted in an increased skeletal P retention and hence an increased demand for P. This increased P demand was met partly by a decrease in the rate of endogenous faecal loss of P and partly by an increase in the rate and efficiency of P absorption. Because the increase in P demand was relatively small, it was not possible to decide whether the endogenous faecal loss of P can be reduced in response to increased demands to the level found at zero P intake as suggested by the Agricultural Research Council (1980) or whether higher losses at normal P intakes are inevitable.

Validation of new systems for protein evaluation in ruminants by testing the effect of urea supplementation on intake and digestibility of straw with or without sodium hydroxide treatment

1978 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Ørskov ◽  
D. A. Grubb
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Treatment

SUMMARYMilled barley straw, either untreated or treated with 70 g of NaOH/kg straw was supplemented with four levels of urea, namely 0, 6, 12 or 18 g/kg and fed ad libitum to young sheep. For the untreated straw, dry-matter intakes were (g/day) 423, 451, 441 and 463, while the digestibility of organic matter was 458, 467, 490 and 483 g/kg, respectively. For the treated straw, the intakes of dry matter were 355, 402, 531 and 567 g/day and the digestibility of organic matter was 423, 480, 589 and 628 g/kg respectively.The different responses to urea supplementation of treated and untreated straw are discussed in relation to a new system of estimating protein requirements for ruminants put forward by the Agricultural Research Council.

The nutritive value for ruminants of a complete processed diet based on barley straw

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Wainman ◽  
K. L. Blaxter ◽  
J. D. Pullar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Agricultural Research Council

SUMMARYCalorimetric experiments were made with a complete extruded diet for ruminants, ‘Ruminant Diet A’ prepared by Messrs U.K. Compound Feeds Ltd. Twelve determinations of energy and nitrogen retention were made using sheep and it was found that the diet had a metabolizable energy value of 2–32 kcal/g organic matter, and the net availabilities of its metabolizable energy were 42–7 % for fattening and 68–0 % for maintenance. These values agreed well with those predicted from equations published by the Agricultural Research Council. On a dry basis the starch equivalent was 38–3 %.

6.1 The Adoption of a Protein System in Nutritional Advisory Work

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
B. R. Cottrill
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Protein System ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Farm Livestock ◽  
New Protein

The concept of feeding standards for farm livestock has developed in Europe during the last two centuries (Tyler, 1975). During that time, and in the light of both experimental findings and on-farm observations, feeding standards have continued to evolve both in concept and detail. Such developments are exemplified in the recent publications by the Agricultural Research Council (1980), Hagemeister and Kaufmann (1974), Burroughs, Trenkle and Vetter (1974), and Jarrige, Journet and Vérité (1978) containing new proposals for the evaluation of dietary protein for ruminants. In view of these developments, the time is right to consider the adoption of a new protein system in nutritional advisory work.

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