PERFORMANCE OF GILTS AND BARROWS FROM THREE BREEDING GROUPS MARKETED AT THREE LIVEWEIGHTS WHEN OFFERED DIETS CONTAINING TWO LEVELS OF DIGESTIBLE ENERGY FOR A LIMITED PERIOD PER DAY

P. J. SKITSKO; J. P. BOWLAND

doi:10.4141/cjas70-020

PERFORMANCE OF GILTS AND BARROWS FROM THREE BREEDING GROUPS MARKETED AT THREE LIVEWEIGHTS WHEN OFFERED DIETS CONTAINING TWO LEVELS OF DIGESTIBLE ENERGY FOR A LIMITED PERIOD PER DAY

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas70-020 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 161-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. J. SKITSKO ◽

J. P. BOWLAND

Keyword(s):

Average Daily Gain ◽

Backfat Thickness ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Digestible Energy ◽

Feeding Methods ◽

Yorkshire Pigs ◽

Dressing Percentage ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Market Weights

The influence of high (HE) and low (LE) digestible energy diets fed for two 1-hr periods per day on the performance of Duroc × Yorkshire, Hampshire × Yorkshire, or Yorkshire × Yorkshire pigs marketed at 68, 91 or 114 kg liveweight was studied. Under the feeding system employed, daily feed intake averaged 2.01 kg and did not differ between dietary groups. The HE diet containing 3652 kcal DE/kg improved (P < 0.01) rate of gain and feed conversion compared with the LE diet containing 2757 kcal DE/kg. DE requirement averaged 9.89 Mcal/kg gain and did not differ between dietary groups. Carcasses from pigs fed the HE diet had higher dressing percentage, greater total backfat thickness, and lower ratio of loin to backfat thickness, percent lean in the ham face, ham as a percent of carcass and Canadian ROP score.Barrows had a higher daily feed consumption and average daily gain but were inferior to gilts in feed conversion. Gilts were superior to barrows in all carcass measurements except dressing percentage, where differences were nonsignificant.Breeding groups differed (P < 0.01) in rate of gain, feed conversion, and dressing percentage and their carcasses differed in loin area and length. Feed required per unit gain increased with increasing market weights but gain did not differ. With increasing market weights, dressing percentage, length, loin area and total backfat thickness increased while the ham as a percent of carcass and ROP scores decreased. Market weight did not significantly alter the ratio of loin area to total backfat, suggesting that the present Canadian carcass grading standards should be extended to cover a greater weight range without penalty.Major significant interactions for average daily gain existed between diet by sex and diet by breeding group and for feed conversion between diet by sex. The data indicate that sex and breeding background of market pigs are important considerations in formulation of energy requirements. Use of LE diets or of feeding methods that restrict DE intake may mask potential differences that exist between groups.

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INHERITANCE AND PLANE OF NUTRITION IN SWINE: I. EFFECTS OF SEASON, PLANE OF NUTRITION, SEX AND SIRE ON FEEDLOT PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas63-011 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 72-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. N. Plank ◽

R. T. Berg

Keyword(s):

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Performance Score ◽

Feedlot Performance ◽

Sex Effects ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Relative Response ◽

Dressing Percentage ◽

Daily Gain

Four trials, involving 124 pigs, were conducted to study the effects of differing planes of nutrition on swine characteristics and to study the relative response of specific genetic groups of pigs to these differing planes. Seasonal and sex effects were also evaluated. Equalized limited feeding to a scale of 75 per cent of the U.S. N.R.C. recommended levels for bacon hogs was compared to liberal feeding wherein pigs were fed to appetite three times daily and to ad libitum feeding.Winter-fed pigs grew slower, were less efficient, had a higher dressing percentage and shorter carcasses than summer-fed pigs.As the plane of nutrition increased, average daily gains increased, feed conversion ratios were correspondingly inferior, dressing percentage rose, backfat thickness increased and area of loin and total Record of Performance score decreased.Females outgained barrows under equalized limited feeding, whereas barrows outgained females at a similar feed requirement by eating more feed under liberal feeding. Female carcasses were superior to those of barrows with a tendency for the differences to be greater under the equalized limited feeding system.Genotype × plane of nutrition interactions were significant for average daily feed consumed (P <.05), average daily gain (P <.01), length (P <.05), and total R.O.P. score (P <.01). Under equalized limited feeding pigs with the ability to gain both rapidly and efficiently tended to produce superior carcasses while under liberal feeding rapid gains seemed to reflect mainly increased feed consumption and a trend toward inferior feed conversion and fatter carcasses.

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PENAMBAHAN DAUN GEDI (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) SEBAGAI “ADDITIVE” DALAM AIR MINUM DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERFORMANS AYAM KAMPUNG SUPER

ZOOTEC ◽

10.35792/zot.39.1.2019.23645 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Desben Kogoya ◽

J S Mandey ◽

L J Rumokoy ◽

M N Regar

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Consumption ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Metabolic Energy ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Native Chicken ◽

Daily Gain

UTILIZATION OF “GEDI LEAF (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) AS“ADDITIVE” IN DRINKING WATER RELATED TO THE PERFORMANCE OF INDONESIAN SUPER NATIVE CHICKEN. Research was done to evaluate the performance of Indonesian super native chicken treated with “Gedi” leaf (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) as“Additive” in drinking water. Study was conducted using hundred individuals of the Indonesian super native day old chicken. The juice of “Gedi” leaf (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) was given as in forms of the four treatments as follows, drinking water without “Gedi” leaf as control (P0), drinking water with 10 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P1), drinking water with 20 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P2), and drinking water with 30 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P3). Treatments were applied to the birds at 6 weeks old by completely randomized design five replications at each treatment. Data were taken during 5 weeks. Feeds were using 73 percents of commercial feed added by 10 percents of corn and 17 percents of rice bran with nutritional composition of crude protein 19.49 percents, crude fiber 4.66 percents, fat 3.63 percents, Calcium 1.02 percents, Phosphorus 0.66 percents and metabolic energy of 2920 kcal/kg, all given ad libitum. Variables measurement were focused on feed consumption, drinking water consumption, average daily gain, and feed conversion. Results showed that drinking water with 30 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P3) was not significantly different with other treatments for feed and drinking water consumption, except for average daily gain and feed conversion. The treatments of P1 and P2 were not significantly different for average daily gain, but these treatments were higher in average daily gain compared with control (P0). The highest value of feed conversion was obtained at treatment P3 and the lowest value was found at treatment P1. These values indicated that the best feed conversion was treatment P1. Therefore, it can be concluded that juice of “Gedi” leaf can be used as the alternative additive feed in drinking water up to 20 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water in term of high average daily gain and feed conversion of Indonesian super native chicken. Key words: Drinking water, “Gedi” leaf, Indonesian super native chicken.

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Pengaruh Suplementasi Ampas Tahu, Ampas Tempe dan Ampas Kecap dalam Ransum Terhadap Performan Domba Lokal Jantan

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.5.1.1-9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Eka Handayanta

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Soy Sauce ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Daily Gain

The aim of this research to determine the effect of supplementation of tofu. tempe, and soy sauce waste in ration on male local sheep performance. This research was carried out during three month, take place on July until October 200E in Minifarm Dept. of Animal Science, Agriculture Faculty of Sebelas Maret University, located in Jatikuwung. Gondangrejo, Karanganyar. It used 12 male local sheeps with average body weight of 15.86 ±0.93 kg, divided into four treatments and three replications, each replication consist of one sheep. The ration consisted of king grass only as basal diet, as many as four percent base on body weight. The treatment given is in the form of feed supplement, that namely without supplement (RO), 250 gram tofu waste (R1), 250 gram tempe waste (R2), and 250 gram soy sauce waste (R3). The data variables collected were feed consumption, dry and organic matter digestibility, crude protein consumption, energy consumption, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio. All of data except average daily gain was analyzed by completely randomized design one way classification. While average daily gain was analyzed by covariance analyze. The result were significant followed by Duncan new multiple range test. The result showed that average of R0, RI, R2 and R3 for feed consumption 430.52; 720.44; 704.44; 549.08 gram/day, dry matter digestibility (%) 61,07; 72,46; 69,68: 63,60, organic matter digestibility (%) 64,41: 74,94; 72.41; 64,7 1, crude protein consumption 47.66; 106.77; 85.83; 73.70 gram/day, energy consumption 281.82; 482.65; 432.67; 330.83 gram/day, average daily gain 50.00.1X00: 116.19; 38.10 gram/day and feed conversion ratio 8.74; 5.61; 6.06; 15.2. The result of variance analyze showed that feed supplementation have highly significant effect (P<0.01) on all of the data variable colected. Conclusion of this research was supplementation of tofu waste and tempe waste could improved performance, while soy sauce waste could not improved the performance of male local sheep. Key words : sheep, tofu waste, tempe waste, soy sauce waste, performance

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PEMANFAATAN DEDAK PADI TERFERMENTASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN BABI

Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan ◽

10.24843/mip.2017.v20.i03.p08 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

MAHARDIKA I G. ◽

I W. SUDIASTRA

Keyword(s):

Rice Bran ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Digestible Energy ◽

Daily Gain

The research has been conducted which aims to analisys the effect of fermented rice bran to pig performance.Completly Randomize Design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates were used in this research. Treatment A: pig givenration containing rice bran without fermentation, treatment B: pig given ration containing 25% fermented rice bran,treatment C: pig given ration containing 50% fermented rice bran, and treatment D: pig given ration containing100% fermented rice bran. Observed variabels are: feed consumption, average daily gain, feed convertion ratio,digestability of nutrient dan digestible energy (DE). Results of this study concluded the used of fermented rice branincreased of growth and feed efficiency.

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EFFECTS OF STEAM PELLETING DIETS CONTAINING TWO VARIETIES OF RAPESEED MEAL ON PIG PERFORMANCE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas79-072 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 577-583 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. NARENDRAN ◽

G. H. BOWMAN ◽

S. J. SLINGER

Keyword(s):

Energy Level ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Rapeseed Meal ◽

Backfat Thickness ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Pig Performance ◽

G Ratio ◽

Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted during the late fall and winter months with 96 Yorkshire barrows and gilts to study the effects on pig performance of feeding corn-soybean meal (SBM) and lysine-HCl (0.1%) supplemented corn-SBM-Tower rapeseed meal (RSM) and corn-SBM-Candle RSM diets, in the form of mash (corn was medium-ground) and steam pellets. Average daily gain (ADG), feed intake, efficiency of feed conversion (feed to gain ratio, F/G) and carcass backfat thickness were measured in pigs reared from 23 kg to 91 kg liveweight. The energy level in the RSM diets was not adjusted to equal that in the corn-SBM diet. Pigs fed Tower RSM had a lower (P < 0.01) feed intake and backfat thickness and pigs fed Candle RSM had a lower (P < 0.01) ADG and feed intake and higher (P < 0.01) F/G compared to the pigs fed SBM. The pigs fed corn-SBM-Tower RSM had a higher (P < 0.01) ADG and feed intake and lower (P < 0.01) F/G ratio than those fed Candle RSM diets. Steam pelleting of the corn-SBM and corn-SBM-RSM diets improved ADG, feed intake and F/G of the pigs, with the effects being greatest for the RSM diets.

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The Utilization of Sonneratia alba and Avicennia lanata Leaves on the Performance of Jawarandu Goats

Jurnal Peternakan Integratif ◽

10.32734/jpi.v7i3.3387 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 19-23

Author(s):

S Maulana

Keyword(s):

Research Method ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Initial Body Weight ◽

Mangrove Ecosystems ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Sonneratia Alba ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Daily Gain

S. alba leaves and A. lanata leaves are forages that grow in mangrove ecosystems which are considered potential to support the performance of goat jawarandu. This study aims to determine the effect of the leaves of S. alba and A. lanata on the performance of jawarandu goats. This research was conducted in Environment XII of Seberang Fishermen Village, Belawan I Village, Medan Belawan District, Medan City. The study lasted for 3 months, starting in July to October 2019. The research method was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replications so that there were 12 male goats that were kept with an average initial body weight of 14.65 ± 1.65. The treatments given were leaves of S. alba and A. lanata with a ratio of P1 (100: 0); P2 (50:50); and P3 (0: 100). The research parameters are Feed Consumption, Average Daily Gain , and Feed Conversion. The results showed that the utilization of the S. alba and A. lanata leaves had a significant effect on feed consumption and average daily gain, but did not significantly effect on feed conversion. It can be concluded that the utilization of S. alba leaves gives a greater effect on the performance of goat jawarandu compared to A. lanata leaves or combination feed.

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A GnRF vaccine (Improvac®) and porcine somatotropin (Reporcin®) have synergistic effects upon growth performance in both boars and gilts

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar02037 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

I. McCauley ◽

M. Watt ◽

D. Suster ◽

D. J. Kerton ◽

W. T. Oliver ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Boar Taint ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Daily Injection ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Entire Study ◽

Porcine Somatotropin ◽

Daily Gain

The use of a vaccine (Improvac) directed against gonadotrophin-releasing factor (GnRF), to prevent boar taint in male pigs, is also associated with an increase in feed consumption, growth, and higher deposition of subcutaneous fat. Daily administration of porcine somatotropin (pST) consistently increases average daily gain, and feed conversion efficiency, and reduces subcutaneous fat, particularly in gilts. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of combining these treatments in boars and gilts. Forty-eight pigs (Large White × Landrace), housed individually, were used in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment with the respective factors being vaccination with GnRF vaccine (at 14 and 18 weeks of age), daily injection with pST (from 18 weeks to slaughter at 22 weeks), and sex (boars and gilts). Performance was measured over the period of pST administration. Over the entire 28 days of the study, daily gain was lower for gilts than for boars (1216 v. 1410 g/day, P < 0.001), was increased by pST (1219 v. 1407 g/day, P < 0.001), but not significantly altered by vaccination against GnRF (1284 v. 1342 g/day, P = 0.15). However, GnRF vaccination increased daily gain in the second 2 weeks of the study, and overall, there were interactions such that the vaccine increased gain in all groups except boars not receiving pST. Feed intake over the study period was less for gilts than for boars (3139 v. 3407 g/day, P < 0.001), was decreased by pST (3537 v. 3009 g/day, P < 0.001), and increased by vaccination against GnRF (3139 v. 3407 g/day, P < 0.001). When averaged over the entire study, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher for gilts than for boars (2.76 v. 2.51, P = 0.013), was decreased by pST (3.05 v. 2.22, P < 0.001), but unchanged by vaccination against GnRF (2.62 v. 2.65, P = 0.70). Fat deposition was lower in gilts than in boars (335 v. 378 g/day, P = 0.037), was decreased by pST treatment ((442 v. 271 g/day, P < 0.001), and increased by vaccination against GnRF (333 v. 379 g/day, P = 0.026). In boars, fat androstenone was reduced by vaccination against GnRF (0.10 v. 2.47 μg/g, P < 0.001) and tended to be reduced by pST (1.71 v. 2.44, P = 0.10), but only vaccination against GnRF reduced skatole (0.174 v. 0.050 μg/g, P < 0.001). The combination of the treatments in all cases was at least additive, and in some cases synergistic. The concomitant vaccination against GnRF and treatment with pST affords an opportunity to increase growth rate and feed intake above control levels and above those of pigs treated with either treatment alone.

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EFFECTS ON PERFORMANCE OF PIGS FED STEAM-PELLETED RAPESEED MEAL DIETS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas79-039 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 323-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

R. R. GRANDHI ◽

R. NARENDRAN ◽

G. H. BOWMAN ◽

S. J. SLINGER

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Rapeseed Meal ◽

Backfat Thickness ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Gain Ratio ◽

Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted during the spring and summer months with 96 Yorkshire barrows and gilts, to study the effects of feeding corn-soybean meal (SBM), corn-SBM-Tower rapeseed (RSM) and corn-SBM-Candle RSM diets, in the form of mash and steam-processed pellets on average daily gain (ADG), efficiency of feed conversion (feed to gain ratio) F/G), average daily feed intake and carcass backfat thickness of pigs reared from 23 kg to 91 kg liveweight. Tower RSM or Candle RSM at the 15% level in corn-SBM based diets did not result in any adverse effects on ADG, feed intake or backfat thickness, but did increase F/G (P < 0.05). There were no differences in F/G between pigs fed Tower RSM and Candle RSM diets. Steam pelleting enhanced ADG (P < 0.01) and F/G (P < 0.05) across all three diets, but did not affect feed intake or backfat thickness. Barrows had higher (P < 0.01) ADG and backfat thickness than gilts, but did not differ in feed intake or F/G.

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PENAMPILAN PERTUMBUHAN AYAM BANGKOK STARTER YANG DIBERI PAKAN DENGAN LEVEL PROTEIN BERBEDA

ZOOTEC ◽

10.35792/zot.37.2.2017.16268 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 426

Author(s):

Aditya R. Mokodongan ◽

F. Nangoy ◽

Jein Rinny Leke ◽

Zulkifli Poli

Keyword(s):

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Daily Gain

THE GROWTH OF PERFORMANCE “BANGKOK” CHICKEN AT THE STARTER PHASE GIVEN FEED IN LEVELS OF DIFFERENCE PROTEIN. This study was conducted to evaluate the levels of protein in ration affecting consumption, average daily gain, feed conversion and mortality of “Bangkok” chicken at the starter phase. Birds used in this study were 36 chicken at the age of 2 weeks old. Treatments in this study were rations with protein levels of 18 percents (Ration A), 20 percents (Ration B), and 22 percents (Ration C).Variables observed were feed consumption (g/h/d), Average daily gain (g/h/d), feed conversion and mortality (percents). Method of completely randomized design were applied in this study using 3 treatments with 6 replications at each treatment. Each treatment and replication was filled 2 chicken of “Bangkok” strain. Results of this study showed that protein levels of 18 to 22 percents in the diets did not affect feed consumption, average daily gain, feed conversion and mortality. Therefore, it can be concluded that the protein levels of 18 to 22 percents in the diets had the same responses in growing performance of “Bangkok” strain at starter phase.Kata Kunci:“Bangkok” strain chicken, growing performance, protein levels.

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EFFECT OF QUALITY AND LEVEL OF GROUND FORAGE IN RATIONS FOR FINISHING STEERS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas70-093 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 677-684 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. A. ROBERTSON ◽

S. E. BEACOM

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Feeding Period ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Finishing Steers ◽

Medium Quality ◽

Dressing Percentage ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Good Medium

Good, medium and poor quality forages were ground and added, at levels of 20, 45, 70 and 95%, to complete mixed rations for finishing long-yearling steers. Dry-rolled barley, supplemented with vitamin A, minerals and an antibiotic, constituted the remainder of each ration. The rations were self-fed to groups of eight steers, four Charolais × Hereford and four Aberdeen Angus. Increasing the level of forage reduced average daily gain, efficiency of feed conversion and dressing percentage and increased days on feed. Generally, the effect of roughage quality on these criteria was significant only at the 95% level of medium quality forage and at the 70 and 95% levels of poor quality forage. The rate of gain (1.04 kg daily) and carcass grades (87% Canada Choice or Good) of steers fed 95% good quality forage indicated the potential for producing finished beef in areas where good quality forages can be produced more economically than grain. The Charolais crossbred steers gained significantly faster, required a longer feeding period to reach a preselected degree of finish, and received a lower average carcass grade than the Angus steers.

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