scholarly journals Utilization of canola seed fractions for ruminants: effect of canola fibre-protein and can-sugar inclusion in dehydrated alfalfa pellets on palatability and lactation performance of dairy cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
R G Heendeniya ◽  
D A Christensen ◽  
D D Maenz ◽  
J J McKinnon ◽  
P. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Sugar Mixture

This research evaluated the effect of fibre-protein and can-sugar additions to dehydrated alfalfa pellets on feed acceptance, lactation performance, dry matter intake and apparent dry matter digestibility of dairy cows compared with a standard (pure) alfalfa pellet. The results showed that a two:one ratio of fibre-protein to can-sugar mixture can be added at 150 g kg-1 to a standard alfalfa pellet without affecting the palatability and lactation performance of dairy cows, when the alfalfa pellets are included at 50 g kg-1 (as fed basis) of a total mixed ration (TMR). Key words: Canola fractions, fibre-protein, can-sugar, palatability, lactation performances, dairy cows

EVALUATION OF TIMOTHY CULTIVARS FOR VOLUNTARY INTAKE AND NUTRIENT COMPONENTS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. MASON ◽  
P. M. FLIPOT
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Flower Stage ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Five timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivars, Clair, Champ, Milton, Climax and Bounty, were harvested at first flower stage during 2 consecutive years and in the regrowth for 1 yr. The forages were each offered as hay to 15 young rams to evaluate voluntary intake. Five animals were used to determine initial harvest dry matter digestibility. The cultivars varied significantly in voluntary intake at first flower stage. The highest intake (g kg−0.75 d−1) averaged for the years was obtained in the early cultivar Champ (65.9), which was 10% more than that of the medium-late cultivar Climax. The cultivars did not differ significantly in dry matter digestibility. In the regrowth, the relative intakes of the cultivars were essentially reversed from that of the initial harvest. The voluntary intake was substantially higher but the differences among forages were less marked. Climax regrowth voluntary intake was higher (P < 0.05) than all cultivars, except Bounty. A 15% range in digestible dry matter intake was present among cultivars. The ranking of the culivars for digestible dry matter was different than for dry matter yield. Key words: Timothy, Phleum pratense L., voluntary intake, dry matter digestibility

Dry matter intake, nutrient selection and milk production of dairy cows grazing rainfed perennial pastures at different herbage allowances in spring

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 923 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Moate ◽  
D. E. Dalley ◽  
J. R. Roche ◽  
C. Grainger
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Herbage Intake ◽  
Selection Differentials

Summary. The effect of herbage allowance (20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 kg DM/cow. day) on the consumption of nutrients from herbage and milk production by cows in early lactation, was examined. The experiment was conducted on rainfed perennial ryegrass pastures in September and October 1997 in south-eastern Victoria, Australia. The herbage on offer comprised 64% perennial ryegrass, 21% other grasses, 1% white clover, 5% weeds and 9% dead material on a dry matter (DM) basis. The average pregrazing herbage height was 13 cm, at an estimated pregrazing herbage mass of 3.6 t DM/ha. The herbage on offer was of high quality containing 11.6 MJ metabolisable energy/kg DM, 202 g crude protein/kg DM and 525 g neutral detergent fibre/kg DM. Concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur and chloride were 4.4, 2.2, 4.4, 31.2, 3.5, 2.7 and 11.4 g/kg DM, respectively. As daily herbage allowance per cow increased, dry matter intake increased curvilinearly (P<0.01) from 11.2 to 18.7 kg DM/cow. day. This was associated with a decrease in utilisation of herbage from 54 to 26% and an increase in milk production from 25.9 to 29.1 kg/cow. day. The cows on all treatments grazed for less than 8.7 h/day. The increase in intake was achieved by an increase in the rate of herbage intake from 1.5 to 2.2 kg DM/h for herbage allowances of 20 and 70 kg/cow.day, respectively. Irrespective of herbage allowance, cows selected a diet that was approximately 10% higher in in vitro dry matter digestibility and 30% higher in crude protein than that in the herbage on offer. The neutral detergent fibre content of the herbage selected was lower (P<0.05) than that on offer. The herbage consumed contained more (P<0.05) magnesium, potassium and sulfur, the same amount of calcium and phosphorus and less (P<0.05) sodium and chloride than the herbage on offer. For rainfed perennial pastures in spring, herbage allowance is an important factor in determining voluntary feed intake and production of dairy cows. To achieve 30 L from herbage, without supplementation, high herbage allowances are required. The increase in herbage intake, with increasing herbage allowance, resulted from an increase in rate of dry matter intake and not an increase in grazing time. No relationship was evident between herbage allowance and the selection differentials for in vitro dry matter digestibility, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre. Selection differentials for rainfed perennial pastures in spring are similar to those reported for irrigated perennial pastures in northern Victoria in spring and autumn. When determining nutrient requirements it is important to consider the interaction between herbage intake and nutrient concentration in the herbage.

The effect of rumen-protected methionine and choline on plasma metabolites of Holstein dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 149 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ARDALAN ◽  
M. DEHGHAN-BANADAKY ◽  
K. REZAYAZDI ◽  
N. GHAVI HOSSEIN-ZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Plasma Nefa ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

SUMMARYForty Holstein dairy cows in their first and second lactations were used from 4 weeks prepartum to 10 weeks postpartum to investigate the effects of feeding ruminally protected methionine and choline on plasma metabolites. Cows were randomly assigned to one of the following treatments in a 2×2 factorial design 4 weeks before their expected calving dates, using randomized blocks based on parity: no supplement (control), 18 g/d of rumen-protected methionine (RPM) product, 60 g/d of rumen-protected choline (RPC) product, or 18 g/d of RPM+60 g/d of RPC. Treatments did not affect plasma triglycerides, glucose, total protein, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) during the prepartum period. For postpartum plasma NEFA concentrations, there were interactions between RPC or RPM and week postpartum. Feeding RPM increased plasma AST concentrations (P<0·05) and decreased plasma protein concentrations (P<0·05) in postpartum cows. After calving, feeding RPC increased (P<0·05) dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, 40 g/kg fat-corrected milk (FCM) yield and energy-corrected milk (ECM) yield. This suggests that supplemental RPC can improve lactation performance of dairy cows.

scholarly journals KONSUMSI DAN KECERNAAN JERAMI JAGUNG MANADO KUNING DAN JERAMI JAGUNG HIBRIDA JAYA 3 PADA SAPI PO

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Nancy W.H. Tuwaidan ◽  
M. R. Waani ◽  
Rustandi - ◽  
S. S. Malalantang
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Yellow Corn

ABSTRACT INTAKE AND DIGESTIBILITY OF YELLOW MANADO AND JAYA 3 HYBRID CORN SRAWS FOR ONGOLE GRADE CATTLE. Experiment was conducted to determine the intake capacity and digestibility of Manado yellow corn straw (MYCS) and Jaya 3 hybrid corn straw (J3HCS) as single feed for Ongole grade cattle (OGC). Five female OGC were used in this experiment, applied into two periods. The animals were fed with MYCS in the first stage and J3HCS in the second stage. The measured variables were including dry matter intake (DMI), dry matter digestibility (DMD), digestibility of crude protein (DCP) and digestibility of Neutral Detergent Fiber (DNDF). The data were analyzed by T test. The results showed that treatment significantly affected (p <0.05) the DMI, DMD, DCP and DNDF. It can be concluded DMI, DMD, DCP and DNDF of MYCS were higher than those of J3HCS.   Key words: Dry matter Intake, Digestibility, Corn straw, Ongole grade cattle.  

In vitro degradation of fresh substrates treated with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Bowman ◽  
K. A. Beauchemin ◽  
J. A. Shelford
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Fibrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Enzyme Product ◽  
Dry Matter Degradation

An exogenous fibrolytic enzyme product was applied to three different proportions of a total mixed ration (TMR) and fed to dairy cows. There was no enhancement of the hydrolytic capacity of rumen fluid from cows serving as inoculum donors as a result of enzyme supplementation. In vitro dry matter degradation of the TMR at 12 h of incubation was increased by 15% when enzymes were added to the concentrate portion, and by 17% when added to the premix portion of the TMR (P < 0.05), but adding enzymes to the supplement (pelleted portion of the concentrate) had no effect. Key words: Enzymes, fresh substrate, dry matter degradation

scholarly journals Effect of Chromium Methionine Supplementation on the Lactation Performance, Hepatic Respiratory Rate and Antioxidative Capacity of Early-Lactating Dairy Cows

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zezhong Wu ◽  
Wenchao Peng ◽  
Jianxin Liu ◽  
Guozhong Xu ◽  
Diming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Chromium Methionine ◽  
Linear Manner

Abstract Backgrounds: Chromium is an important trace element that may regulate dairy cow metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of chromium methionine (Cr-Met) supplementation on lactation performance, hepatic respiratory rate and anti-oxidative capacity in early-lactating Holstein dairy cows. Results: Sixty-four multiparous cows were grouped into 16 blocks based on parity, days in milk and milk production, and four cows within a block then were assigned randomly to one of four dietary treatments with 0, 4, 8 or 16 g/d of Cr-Met per cow in addition to a basal diet. The experiment lasted for 14 weeks, with the first two weeks as adaptation period. Milk yield and composition were recorded weekly. Dry matter intake was measured every other week. The plasma variables were measured in weeks 4, 8 and 12 of the experiment. Supplementation of Cr-Met did not affect dry matter intake of early-lactating dairy cows. As the supplementation of Cr-Met increased, yields of milk, fat, lactose and energy corrected milk increased in a linear manner (P < 0.01). In terms of plasma variables, insulin concentration decreased in a linear manner with Cr-Met supplementation (P = 0.04). As for variables relative to hepatic respiration rate, concentrations of pyruvate and NADH in the plasma were increased in linear (P < 0.01) and quadratic manners (P < 0.01), and lactic dehydrogenase activity was linearly increased as the feeding levels of Cr-Met increased (P < 0.01). Moreover, plasma glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity were increased in a linear manner (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The results suggest that Cr-Met supplementation improved lactation performance of early-lactating dairy cows through enhancing antioxidant capacity and hepatic cellular respiration.

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