Growth response of pastured Simmental calves to a high by-pass protein creep supplement

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. O. Jensen ◽  
E. Okine ◽  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
C. Erichsen-Arychuk ◽  
D. Milligan
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Cow Calf

One hundred and thirty-seven cow-calf pairs on pasture in southeastern Alberta, were randomly allocated to one of two treatments no supplement (NOS) or a high by-pass protein (70% of CP) creep supplement (HPS) at an intake of 1.5 kg head−1 d−1. Calf weaning weights and pre-weaning ADG were higher (P < 0.01) in calves fed HPS (306.0 kg and 1.49 kg d−1) compared with NOS (298.2 kg and 1.41 kg d−1), respectively. However, it was uneconomical to feed this high by-pass creep as the feed cost of a kg of additional gain at weaning was $9.60. Key words: Creep supplement, pasture, growth, beef cattle

NURSING AND CROSS-NURSING BEHAVIOR OF BEEF CATTLE IN CONFINEMENT

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. LEWANDROWSKI ◽  
J. F. HURNIK
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Estrous Behavior

Observations of 42 cow-calf pairs were collected over a 100-day postpartum interval to study the nursing and suckling behavior of beef cattle. Most calves (93%) displayed cross-suckling at some time during the study, but cows were slightly more selective (83%) in tolerating cross-suckling. Number of nursing events per day averaged 4.9 and time per event averaged 10.4 min. Number of cross-nursing events averaged 0.3 events per day and time per event averaged 5.0 min. About 61% of nursing took place from 0600–1800 h and 39% from 1800–0600 h. The lowest incidence of nursing in the morning occurred between 0400–0500 h and in the evening, between 2200–2300 h. Cross-nursing followed a similar distribution with 74% occurring between 0600 and 1800 h and 26% between 1800 and 0600 h. The number of suckling events and time spent suckling per day remained relatively constant over the 100-day postpartum period. Conversely, cross-suckling gradually increased. The number of nursing and cross-nursing events per day and time spent nursing per day were unaffected by estrous behavior. Key words: Beef cattle, nursing, cross-nursing, suckling, cross-suckling

GROWTH RESPONSE OF BEEF CATTLE AT PASTURE TO ZERANOL OR PROGESTERONE-ESTRADIOL IMPLANTS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. BASARAB ◽  
S. R. GOULD ◽  
R. D. WEISENBURGER
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Beef Herds ◽  
Growth Promotants

Forty-eight field trials were conducted in 1980 and 1981 on 38 commercial beef herds to determine the effectiveness of zeranol (36 mg/head of the commercial implant Ralgro®) to promote growth in suckling steer and heifer calves and of zeranol and progesterone-estradiol (Synovex-S®) as growth promotants in yearling steers at pasture. In each trial, approximately even numbers of animals were randomly alloted to a control (nonimplant) or an implanted group. Zeranol and progesterone-estradiol groups were implanted once at initial weighing. Animals were re-weighed when the trials were terminated at various times in the fall. Steer calves implanted with zeranol gained 4.2 and 5.0% more (P < 0.01) than controls for 1980 (0.98 vs. 0.94 kg/day) and 1981 (1.06 vs. 1.01 kg/day) trials, respectively. Zeranol-implanted heifer calves gained 3.5% more (P < 0.05) in 1980 trials (0.88 vs. 0.85 kg/day) and 7.4% more (P < 0.01) in 1981 trials (1.01 vs. 0.94 kg/day) than nonimplanted heifer calves. In trials where steer and heifer calves were pastured together, steers gained 3.4 and 5.0% more (P < 0.01) than heifer calves in 1980 and 1981, respectively. The trial × sex and sex × implant interactions were not significant. Both progesterone-estradiol- and zeranol-implanted yearling steers grew faster (P < 0.01) than control steers by 21.3 and 18.7% (0.91, 0.89 and 0.75 kg/day, respectively) over all 1980 trials, and by 13.0 and 11.7% (0.87, 0.86 and 0.77 kg/day, respectively) over all 1981 trials. Gains in yearling steers implanted with progesterone-estradiol were not different (P > 0.05) than gains in those implanted with zeranol. Key words: Beef cattle, zeranol, progesterone-estradiol, pasture

PSVII-13 Performance and environmental benefits from biochar supplementation in beef cattle grazing systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 448-449
Author(s):  
Emily Conlin ◽  
Herbert Lardner ◽  
Jennifer L Ellis ◽  
Ira B Mandell ◽  
Katharine M Wood
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Rapid City

Abstract Worldwide, beef production systems represent a significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG), and enteric methane (CH4) emissions are the primary concern. The objective of this experiment was to determine whether biochar (Oregon Biochar Solution, White City, OR) supplementation can reduce CH4 emissions from grazing beef cows. Biochar is a stable form of carbon produced through the pyrolysis of organic matter (typically forestry waste). Sixty-four cows and their calves were blocked by cow body weight and calf age, and randomly allocated to 8 paddocks, each with 8 cow-calf pairs. Using a crossover design, each paddock was assigned to one of two treatments: (1) biochar supplemented at approximately 3% of estimated dry matter intake (DMI) or (2) control (no biochar). Biochar was incorporated into a pellet containing 45% biochar, 42.5% wheat midds, 10% canola oil, and 2.5% dry molasses and fed in a portable trough once daily. Each period consisted of 28 days: 21 days for biochar adaptation and 7 days for data collection. Enteric gas emissions from each paddock were measured using C-Lock GreenFeed trailers (C-Lock Inc., Rapid City, SD, USA) with pasture DMI estimated using paddock entry/exit quadrats during each sampling week. Enteric CH4 emissions expressed as g CH4/d were 249 and 260 ± 50.3 g (P ≥ 0.37) for control and biochar, respectively. Similarly, g CH4/kg DM and g CH4/kg BW were not affected (P ≥ 0.44) by biochar supplementation on pasture. Biochar supplementation did not affect estimated DMI or cow/calf body weights (P ≥ 0.15). Results suggest that biochar was ineffective for reducing methane emissions from grazing beef cows; however, measures of animal performance were not affected by biochar consumption. Further work is required to determine if type or higher inclusions of biochar can reduce CH4 emissions from beef cattle.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIETARY INCLUSIONS OF PALM OIL AND SHEABUTTER FAT ON GROWTH AND SEXUAL MATURITY OF PULLETS

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
A. A. ODUNSI ◽  
A. J. GBADAMOSI
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Cost Weight ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Vegetable Fat

A lesser known vegetable fat, sheabutter fat (SBF) was compared with palm oil (PO) as a dietary ingredient during the rearing phase of pullets. Black Harco grower- pullets (12 weeks old) were assigned to diets in which PO and SBF each quantitatively replaces maize at 2.5 and 5.0% and a fifth diet containing 2.5% each of both PO and SBF. At the 20th week, they were fed a common layer diet until sexual maturity was attained on all treatments. Results at the growing phase did not reveal any significant effects (P>0.05) on feed intake, weight gain, feed/gain and feed cost/weight gain. Sexual maturity was attained by 148, 149, 151, 155 and 158 days for pullets fed 5% Palm Oil, 2.5% SBF, 2.5% PO, 5% SBF and 2.5% SBF/PO diets respectively. PO and SBF at the levels studied were equally tolerated and could replace maize with no adverse effects or growth response. However, a delay in time of lay occurred when both oils were mixed in the diet.

scholarly journals Pemotongan Sapi Betina Produktif di Rumah Potong Hewan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Nur Rasminati
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words

<div class="WordSection1"><p><em>The research was conducted to know the number of the productive female beef cattle slaughtering at abattoir in DIY. All of the beef cattle which slaughtered along a month were used in this research. The result showed that the number of productive beef cattle slaughtered  up to 2 years old were 28.98%; 2 – 5 years old were 69.55%; more than 5 years old were 1.44%. The female beef cattle slaughtered were 54.58% and the male beef cattle slaughtered were 32.36%. The non productive beef cattle slaughtered were 13.04% including 5.79% male and 7.24% female. The Peranakan Ongole (PO) breed slaughtered was 60.36% (125 heads), Brahman Cross 16.42% (34 heads), Simmental 15.94% (33 heads), Brangus 2.42% (5 heads), Limousine 4.35% (9 heads) and PFH 0.48% (1 heads). The percentage of productive beef cattle slaughtering were 86.95% with female beef productive were 64.25% and the PO breed at 2 – 5 years old were the most slaughtered. It could be concluded that the productive female beef cattle slaughtering at abattoir in DIY was quite high, which may influence the breed resources of beef cattle.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Key words : Productive beef cattle, slaughtering, abattoir, Yogyakarta</em></p></div><em><br clear="all" /> </em>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Three Ear Tag Formulations for Control of Flies on Beef Cattle, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-366
Author(s):  
R. W. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stable Flies ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Horn Flies

Abstract Three herds (36-122 head per herd) of Angus cattle (cow-calf or yearling heifers) located at the Wye Research and Education Center, Queenstown, MD, were tagged with one of three ear tag formulations. On 17 May one of the herds was tagged with Optimizer tags (2 per head) and on 2 Jun the other 2 herds were tagged with Python tags (2 per head) or experimental YT-615 tags (1 per head). A herd of mixed-breed beef cattle located approximately 4 km from the treated cattle served as an untreated control. Fly density was determined by making biweekly counts on 15 cattle in each of the herds. Counts were made ol face flies/face, horn flies/animal, and stable flies/4 legs. Two (Optimizer herd) or 3 (other 2 herds) pretreatment and 11 or 10 posttreatment counts were made.

Associations of melanocortin 1 receptor genotype with growth and carcass traits in beef cattle

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim L McLean ◽  
Sheila M Schmutz
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Red Pigment ◽  
Melanocortin 1 Receptor ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Main Gene ◽  
Fat Level

Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R) is considered to be the main gene controlling the production of eumelanin or phaeomelanin, resulting in black or red coat colour of cattle. The recessive red allele, e, codes for a nonfunctional receptor, which does not bind the agonist alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), allowing for the production of phaeomelanin, or red pigment, whereas the dominant ED allele binds α-MSH leading to the production of eumelanin. We hypothesized that black cattle would have more α-MSH bound to MC1R, which could result in more α-MSH binding to the appetite suppressing receptor, Melanocortin 4 Receptor. We genotyped 328 crossbred steers of various colours that were purchased at weaning and fed until slaughter. Black cattle of ED/ED or ED/e genotype had increased back fat and required significantly fewer days (15-25) on feed to reach a target fat level for slaughter than the red cattle. Red cattle of e/e genotype were found to have a significantly larger longissimus dorsi (l. dorsi), shipping weight and hot carcass weight. Differences were comparable whether black versus red coat colour or MC1R genotype were used as the criteria for the group of cattle. Key words: Coat colour, MC4R, MC1R, α-MSH, shipping weight

EFFECTS OF YEARLING WEIGHT SELECTION IN SHORTHORN BEEF CATTLE ON AGE-OF-DAM ADJUSTMENT FACTORS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-965
Author(s):  
J. C. OLTHOFF ◽  
G. H. CROW ◽  
G. W. RAHNEFELD
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Selection Line ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Performance Change ◽  
Adjustment Factors ◽  
Over Time

Lines within a breed which differ in their level of performance may require different age-of-dam adjustment factors in the same way that different breeds do. Age-of-dam adjustments calculated from a control and a yearling weight selection line indicated lower values in the selected line for calf birth weight, weaning weight and yearling weight for 2- and 4-yr-old dams. Trends for adjustment factors in each line over time were generally not significant but tended to diverge. Age-of-dam adjustment factors within a breed may need to be reevaluated at intervals as levels of performance change. Key words: Beef cattle, age of dam adjustment, selection, yearling weight

scholarly journals Influence of concentrate levels in diet and body biotypes on productive variables of Guzera beef cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 4305
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Homem Junior ◽  
Marcos Chiquitelli Neto ◽  
Rafael Silvio Bonilha Pinheiro ◽  
William Koury Filho ◽  
Marcelo Estremote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Performance Behavior ◽  
Poor Welfare ◽  
Selection Of

The goal of this study was evaluate diets (50 or 80% of concentrate) and body biotypes (late or early) on performance, behavior, carcass condition, meat quality, and feed cost estimates in feedlot finishing Guzera beef cattle. Use of concentrates in the diet may improve performance and carcass fat scores in ruminant animals, but Guzera beef cattle may be more efficient in forage conversion, which directly influences the economic viability of the production system. We evaluated 32 non-castrated male Guzera beef cattle at 32±2 months of age. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments and six replicates in a 2 × 2 factorial design (2 diets × 2 body biotypes). Initial and final body weights were 459.4±31.2 kg and 566.7±40.8 kg, respectively. There was no change (P > 0.05) in dry matter intake, feed conversion, or daily weight gain when the concentrate in the diet was increased to 80%. Animals fed a diet with 80% of concentrate spent less time (P < 0.05) ruminating (17.8±6.3 vs. 6.3±2.7% of the assessed time). Body biotype did not alter the variables. The rise from 50 to 80% in the proportion of dietary concentrate increased carcass fat, with positive returns in the production process, even given the reduction in rumination, which can lead to poor welfare of animals consuming 80% of dietary concentrate. Body biotype did not affect the variables studied, but it is worth emphasizing that the age at slaughter of these animals probably influenced this result. Thus, selection of the best diet should be based on feeding cost, and in accordance with the cost estimated in this study, the diet with 80% of concentrate is the most suitable for feedlot finished Guzera beef cattle.

scholarly journals The optimation of cow-calf beef cattle and paddy farming integration on farmer household

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
T. Ekowati ◽  
E. Prasetyo ◽  
M. Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Total Respondent ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
Input Prices

Farmer households generally operate food crops and livestock subsectors that have not fully implemented well, so an optimal farming has not been achieved. This study aimed to analyze optimation of cow-calf beef cattle and paddy farming integration and simulation changing in input prices and the usage of resources to the optimal model. Survey method was used in the research in Grobogan Regency by determining Wirosari District and Purwodadi District. Quota sampling method is used to determine the number of respondents without counting the population as a sampling frame. The number of respondents in each district was 40 farmers so the total respondent was 80 farmers. Data were analyzed using linear programing. Results showed that optimum conditions of integration were achieved in 0.45 ha land, 2.75 AU of cow-calf beef cattle with maximum income of IDR 52,112,440/year. The simulation results regarding in changing in input usege indicated that the addition of 0.25% land area gives a change in scale of cow-calf beef cattle by 0.018% and income of 14.78%. In conclusion, integration optimation was achieved on 0.4 5ha land, 2.75 UT cow-calf beef cattle and optimal solution simulations indicated that farmers have the ability to develop their farming.

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