Acute heat-stress effects on physiology and fear-related behaviour in red jungle fowl and domestic fowl

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Zulkifli ◽  
R. T. Dass ◽  
M. T. Che Norma
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Tonic Immobility ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Red Jungle Fowl ◽  
Acute Heat Stress ◽  
Key Words Heat Stress

Two experiments were conducted to compare heat tolerance of red jungle fowl (RJF) and commercial broilers (CB) at (i) a common age and (ii) a common body weight. In exp. 1, RJF and CB of a common age (8 wk) were exposed to 36 ± 1°C for 6 h. RJF had smaller increases in heterophil to lymphocyte ratios and body temperature and higher serum cholesterol concentrations than CB in response to the heat treatment, while tonic immobility (TI) measurements were not affected by heat stress. In exp. 2, RJF and CB of a common body weight (1000 ± 150 g) were subjected to similar procedures as in exp. 1 (except TI durations). Both breeds responded similarly to the heat treatment. In both experiments, RJF had higher serum glucose level than CB, and the trait was not affected by heat exposure. Key words: Heat stress, physiology, fear, jungle fowl, broilers

ACUTE HEAT STRESS EFFECTS ON HEAT PRODUCTION AND RESPIRATION RATE IN SWINE

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Brown-Brandl ◽  
J. A. Nienaber ◽  
L. W. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Acute Heat Stress

scholarly journals Early Heat Exposure Effects on Proteomic Changes of the Broiler Liver under Acute Heat Stress

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1338
Author(s):  
Darae Kang ◽  
Kwanseob Shim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Acute Heat Stress ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

As environmental temperatures continue to rise, heat stress (HS) is having a negative effect on the livestock industry. In order to solve this problem, many studies have been conducted to reduce HS. Among them, early heat exposure has been suggested as a method for reducing HS in poultry. In this study, we analyzed proteomics and tried to identify the metabolic mechanisms of early heat exposure on acute HS. A total of 48 chicks were separated into three groups: CC (control groups raised at optimum temperature), CH (raised with CC but exposed acute HS at the 35th day), and HH (raised with CC but exposed early heat at the fifth day and acute HS at the 35th day). After the whole period, liver samples were collected for proteomic analysis. A total of 97 differentially expressed proteins were identified by acute HS. Of these, 62 proteins recovered their expression levels by early heat exposure. We used these 62 proteins to determine the protective effects of early heat exposure. Of the various protein-related terms, we focused on the oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and energy production metabolism. Our findings suggest the possibility of early heat exposure effects in acute HS that may be useful in breeding or management techniques for producing broilers with high heat resistance.

scholarly journals The Effect of β-Alanine Supplementation on the Heat Shock Protein, Inflammatory and Neurotrophin Response in Animals Exposed to an Acute Heat Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1210-1210
Author(s):  
Jay Hoffman ◽  
Tal Belety ◽  
Michal Horowitz ◽  
Yoram Epstein ◽  
Yaron Bruchim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Hsp70 Expression ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Acute Heat Stress

Abstract Objectives The effect of 30-days of β-alanine (BA) supplementation on heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), inflammatory and neurotrophin responses in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of rats exposed to an acute heat stress was investigated. Methods Animals were randomized to either a control (CTL) group or BA supplementation (100mg·kg−1) group. All animal were fed a normal diet and only differed regarding supplementation. Following supplementation animals were either exposed to the heat stress (120 min at 40–41°C) or were unexposed. Following the acute heat stress, or at the end of the supplementation period, animals were harvested and their brains removed. Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect expression of HSP70, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the hippocampus subregions and paraventricular nuclear (PVN) region of the hypothalamus. Results Three animals in CTL and one in BA did not survive the heat stress. Significant attenuation (P's < 0.005) in BDNF expression was noted in animals exposed to the heat stress compared to unexposed in all subregions (CA1, CA3 and DG) of the hippocampus and PVN. A significant elevation in BDNF expression in the CA3 subregion of rats fed BA and exposed to the heat stress was observed compared to exposed CTL animals. Significant elevations in COX2 was also noted in the CA1 and CA3 subregions in exposed compared to unexposed animals. COX2 expression was significantly greater (P ≤ 0.0065) in CTL compared with BA during heat exposure in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus. Animals supplemented with BA also realized significantly higher HSP70 expression (P = 0.02) in the CA3 subregion of the hippocampus compared to CTL. Significant differences (P’s < 0.05) in NPY expression in all subregions of the hippocampus and PVN were noted between exposed and unexposed animals. However, NPY expression was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.03) for BA compared to CTL in exposed animals in the PVN. Conclusions Results suggested that BA supplementation appeared to increase resiliency to an acute heat stress and reduced the inflammatory response, while increasing HSP70 and neurotrophins expression. Funding Sources Natural Alternatives International Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA.

Effects of acute heat stress on changes in the rate of liquid flow from the rumen and turnover of body water of swamp buffalo

1987 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Chaiyabutr ◽  
C. Buranakarl ◽  
V. Muangcharoen ◽  
P. Loypetjra ◽  
A. Pichaicharnarong
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Water Turnover ◽  
Acute Heat Stress ◽  
Tissue Space ◽  
Swamp Buffalo

SummaryDuring 5 h of acute heat exposure (41 °C), there were increases in the heart rate from 43±2 (S.E.) to 51 ± 1 beats/min, respiratory rate from 26±4 to 86± 16 breaths/min and rectal temperature from 38·5 ± 0·1 °C to 39·7 ± 0·2 °C. The flow rate of liquid from the rumen and body water turnover significantly increased while biological half life of chromium-51 ethylenediaminetetra-acetate in the rumen and tritiated water decreased from 12·9 ± 2·5 and 87·7 ± 6·8 h to 9·3 ± 2·0 and 49·2 ± 5·7 h respectively. An increase in blood volume during acute heat stress occurred with an increase of both plasma and cell volume. An elevation of plasma water coincided with an increase in plasma protein and glucose. There is evidence that the increase in plasma water during heat exposure came from extravascular tissue space and/or from the digestive tract.

scholarly journals Effect of heat exposure on the thermoregulatory responses of selected naked neck chickens

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Mazzi ◽  
M.I.T. Ferro ◽  
A.A.D. Coelho ◽  
V.J.M. Savino ◽  
M. Macari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
The Other ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Slight Advantage

The variation in cloacal temperature, body weight loss and expression of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) in three naked neck broiler genotypes during heat stress were studied. Twelve birds of each genotype (Na/Na, Na/na and na/na) were reared to market weight (approximately 2.1kg) at thermoneutral temperature. Six birds from each group served as controls and the remaining six underwent gradual heat stress (from 28ºC to 36ºC). Cloacal temperature and body weight were measured before and after exposure to heat. Liver samples were collected and Hsp70 levels were quantified using western blotting with monoclonal anti-chicken Hsp70 antibody. Heterozygous (Na/na) birds had a significantly lower cloacal temperature variation and less body weight loss during heat stress than the other genotypes. There was no significant difference in the Hsp70 levels among the genotypes. Heterozygous birds (Na/na) appeared to have a slight advantage over the other genotypes during gradual heat stress, perhaps because of a heterotic effect.

scholarly journals Proteomic Analysis of the Protective Effect of Early Heat Exposure against Chronic Heat Stress in Broilers

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2365
Author(s):  
Da Rae Kang ◽  
Kwan Seob Shim
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Increasing Trend

The increasing trend of global warming has affected the livestock industry through the heat stress, especially in poultry. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms of heat stress in poultry would be helpful for maintaining the poultry production. Three groups were designed to determine early heat stress effects during chronic heat stress: CC, raised at a comfortable temperature; CH, chronic heat exposure at 35 °C for 21–35 days continuously; and HH, early heat exposure at 40 °C for 24 h at 5 days old with 35 °C temperature for 21–35 days continuously. In this study, proteome analysis was carried out to identify differentially expressed proteins in the liver tissue of broilers under chronic and early heat exposure. There were eight differentially expressed proteins from early heat stress during chronic heat exposure, which were related to actin metabolism. According to KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) analysis, the proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism were expressed to promote the metabolism of carbohydrates under chronic heat stress. Early heat reduced the heat stress-induced expression changes of select proteins. Our study has shown that early heat exposure suggests that the liver of broilers has various physiological mechanisms for regulating homeostasis to aid heat resistance.

Seasonal and acute heat stress effects on steroid production by dominant follicles in cows

1997 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wolfenson ◽  
B.J. Lew ◽  
W.W. Thatcher ◽  
Y. Graber ◽  
R. Meidan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Acute Heat Stress

scholarly journals Effects of Acute Exposure to Heat Stress on Immunological and Lipid Parameters in Rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Zamanian ◽  
Saeed Yousefinejad ◽  
Mohammad Reza Reza Zare ◽  
Fazel Rajabi ◽  
Zahra Hashemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Acute Heat Stress ◽  
Lipid Parameters

Background: Exposure to heat stress can result in lipid parameters alterations as well as immunological responses. This study was aimed to investigate these alterations and responses at different humidity and temperatures levels under controlled laboratory conditions in adult male Sprague–Dawley rats. Methods: A total 15 adult male Sprague–Dawley rats, weighing between 200 and 250 g, 10-11 weeks of age, were used in the evaluation. After one week, animals were randomly divided into three equal groups of 5 animals each. Reference group (group1) was housed in the cage under WBGT of 20(1) according to experimental design. Also, animals were subjected to mild (WBGT of 29 ( 1)) and hotter (WBGT of 33(1)) conditions (8 hr/day for one day) in the exposure chamber as group2 and group3, respectively. At the end of exposure to heat stress, blood samples were collected from the heart of rats and different parameters were determined. Results: Based on results, acute heat exposure significantly caused a decrease in serum IgG, IgM, IgA of rats in the case group compared to control group (P<0.05). Conversely, acute heat exposure resulted in a significant increase in the levels of IgE (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference for the lipid parameters after exposure to acute heat stress compared with the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Acute heat stress may affect immune responses depending on the intensity of the exposure. Higher environmental temperatures (WBGT≥32°C) cause more severe changes in plasma immunoglobulins.

Heat Stress Effects of a Navy/USMC vs. Army Aviator Ensemble in a UH-6O Helicopter Simulator

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Reardon ◽  
E. B. Fraser ◽  
Lawrence Katz ◽  
Patricia LeDuc ◽  
Pooria Morovati
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Effects
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