Effects of a bacterial inoculant and propionic acid on preservation of high-moisture ear corn, and on rumen fermentation, digestion and growth performance of beef cattle

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Fellner ◽  
L. E. Phillip ◽  
S. Sebastian ◽  
E. S. Idziak
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Acid Growth ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Feeding Value

Studies of aerobic stability, digestion and growth performance were conducted with steers to determine the mode of action of a bacterial inoculant in altering the feeding value of ensiled high-moisture ear corn (HMEC); a comparison was made with propionic acid (PA) treated HMEC (10 g kg–1 fresh matter). The inoculant consisted of Lactobacillus plantarumand Enterococcus faecium, and was applied as an aqueous solution to provide 104 colony-forming units (cfu) per gram of HMEC. Inoculation of HMEC was not as effective as PA in improving aerobic stability, as assessed by changes in populations of yeasts and moulds. However, steers fed inoculated HMEC gained 11% more weight (P < 0.05) than animals fed untreated HMEC, and 9% more (P < 0.10) than those fed PA-treated material. There were no effects of treatment on food intake or digestion of organic matter (OM). At 4 h after feeding, rumen pH and molar proportions of isovalerate were greater (P < 0.05) with inoculated than untreated or PA-treated HMEC. Treatment differences in aerobic stability of HMEC did not account for the responses in growth performance. It appears that improvements in growth rate of beef cattle fed inoculated HMEC may be related to pH and/or the production of iso-acids in the rumen. Key words: Beef cattle, high-moisture ear corn, inoculant, propionic acid, growth rate, rumen fermentation

High-moisture alfalfa hay conserved with a mixture of Pediococcus pentosaceus and chitinase has a similar feed value to that conserved at optimal moisture

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-384
Author(s):  
L. Jin ◽  
E. Chevaux ◽  
T. McAllister ◽  
J. Baah ◽  
P. Drouin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Pediococcus Pentosaceus ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Nutrient Digestion ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Feed Value

Two separate experiments were conducted to compare the nutrient digestion and growth performance of beef cattle fed diets containing up to 77% of two conserved alfalfa hays. The two alfalfa hays were baled either at the optimum moisture (8.6%) or at a higher-than optimum moisture (21.4%) with application of a mixture of Pediococcus pentosaceus and chitinase at baling. Digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, rumen parameters, and growth performance were similar (P ≥ 0.16) for cattle fed either diet. A combination of P. pentosaceus and chitinase has the potential to preserve high-moisture alfalfa hay.

scholarly journals Reducing dietary cation–anion difference seldom affects rumen fermentation, cellulolytic bacteria populations, and microbiota in goats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Yang ◽  
Xingzhou Tian ◽  
Shiyan Jian ◽  
Lun Sun ◽  
E Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

Abstract Background: Dietary cation–anion difference (DCAD) has been receiving increased attention in recent years; however, information on the rumen fermentation, cellulolytic bacteria populations, and microbiota of goats fed a low-DCAD diet is less. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of feeding a low-DCAD diet for goats with emphasis on rumen fermentation parameters, cellulolytic bacteria populations and microbiota. Growth performance, urine pH, and plasma metabolites were also analyzed as well. Materials and method: Eighteen goats were randomly allocated to 3 treatments with six replicates of each treatment and 1 goat per replicate. Animals were fed diets with varying DCAD levels at +338 (High DCAD; HD), +152 (Control; CON), and −181 (Low DCAD; LD). This study includes 15-d experimental period and 30-d adaption period. Results: The DCAD level did not affect the rumen fermentation parameters including pH, buffering capability, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, total volatile fatty acids, and ratio of acetic acid/propionic acid (P > 0.05). The 4 main ruminal cellulolytic bacteria populations including Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Ruminococcus albus did not differ from DCAD treatments (P > 0.05). The DCAD levels did not affect bacterial richness and diversity indicated by the indices Chao, Ace and Simpson and Shannon, respectively (P > 0.05). Both weighted UniFrac and unweighted UniFrac showed no difference in the composition of rumen microbiota for CON, HD and LD (P > 0.05). At the phylum level, Bacteroidetes was the predominant phylum followed by Firmicutes, Synergistetes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetae, and Tenericutes, and they showed no difference (P > 0.05) in relative abundances except for Firmicutes, which was higher in HD and LD compared to CON (P < 0.05). At the genus level, relative abundance of 11 genera were not affected by DCAD treatments (P > 0.05). Level of DCAD had no effect (P > 0.05) on growth performance including dry matter intake, average net gain, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio; and nutrients digestibility of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and organic matter (P > 0.05). Urine pH in LD was lower than HD and CON (P < 0.05). LD resulted in higher plasma calcium than HD and CON (P < 0.05) but not for other plasma metabolites (P > 0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that, with regard to the great importance of rumen fermentation, these results suggest that reducing DCAD is unharmful for rumen status and provide the feasibility of feeding a low-DCAD to goats.

Ensiling characteristics of rice whole stillage inoculated with or without Amylomyces rouxii and evaluation of the feeding value for growing Japanese black steers

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1714
Author(s):  
Badee Ghlailat ◽  
Yongchao Liu ◽  
Hidaka Satoshi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Whole Stillage ◽  
The Us ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Daily Gain

Rice whole stillage (RWS) is disposed to aerobic spoilage when stored for a prolonged period. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the fermentation characteristics of ensiled RWS with wheat straw (WS) and wheat bran (WB) inoculated with Amylomyces rouxii, as well as to evaluate their impact on the metabolic profiles and the growth performance in Japanese black steers. Ensiled blends containing RWS, WS and WB were prepared either with A. rouxii inoculation (AS) or without (US). Fifteen silo bags were made for each blend; each bag had a width × height of 110 × 110 cm. The silos were analysed on Days 0, 7, 14, 28, 42 and 60 after ensiling. Notably, crude protein concentrations were found to be higher in the US treatment than in the AS treatment. In contrast, ash and acetic acid concentrations were elevated in the AS treatment compared with the US treatment. Lactic acid (LA) concentrations did not differ between the two treatments. Furthermore, the feeding efficacies of the prepared silages were evaluated as a feeding material for Japanese black steers. Control diets were composed of total mixed ration (TMR) and timothy hay, and the test diets were composed of TMR supplemented with either 1 kg/head.day US silage blend (USTMR) or 1 kg/head.day AS silage blend (ASTMR). Steers fed on the ASTMR diet exhibited a decrease in blood LA concentrations compared with the other groups. Moreover, growth performance revealed that daily gain and final bodyweight values were similar among treatments. Collectively, RWS can be effectively ensiled with or without A. rouxii and used as a feedstuff for maintaining an adequate growth rate of steers.

scholarly journals Comparative effects of processing methods on the feeding value of maize in feedlot cattle

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Zinn ◽  
A. Barreras ◽  
L. Corona ◽  
F. N. Owens ◽  
A. Plascencia
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Performance Response ◽  
Feeding Value

The primary reason for processing maize is to enhance feeding value. Total tract starch digestion is similar for coarsely processed (dry rolled, cracked) dry maize. Enhancements in starch digestion due to dry rolling maizev.feeding maize whole may be greater in light-weight calves than in yearlings, and when DM intake is restricted ( < 1·5 % of body weight). The net energy (NE) maintain (NEm) and NE gain (NEg) values for whole maize are 8·83 and 6·02 MJ (2·11 and 1·44 Mcal)/kg, respectively. Compared with conventional dry processing (i.e. coarse rolled, cracked), finely processing maize may increase the initial rate of digestion, but does not improve total tract starch digestion. Tempering before rolling (without the addition of steam) may enhance the growth performance response and the NE value of maize. Average total tract starch digestion is similar for high-moisture and steam-flaked maize. However, the proportion of starch digested ruminally is greater (about 8 %) for high-moisture maize. The growth performance response of feedlot cattle to the feeding of high-moisture maize is highly variable. Although the NEmand NEgvalue of whole high-moisture maize was slightly less than that of dry processed maize (averaging 9·04 and 6·44 MJ (2·16 and 1·54 Mcal)/kg, respectively), grinding or rolling high-moisture maize before ensiling increased (6 %) its NE value. Substituting steam-flaked maize for dry processed maize increases average daily gain (6·3 %) and decreases DM intake (5 %). The comparative NEmand NEgvalues for steam-flaked maize at optimal processing (density = 0·34 kg/l) are 10·04 and 7·07 MJ (2·40 and 1·69 Mcal)/kg, respectively. These NE values are greater (3 %) than current tabular values (National Research Council, 2000), being more consistent with earlier standards (National Research Council, 1984). When maize is the primary or sole source of starch in the diet, concentration of starch in faeces (faecal starch, % of DM) of feedlot steers can serve as an indicator of total tract starch digestion, and, hence, the feeding value of maize.

scholarly journals Effects of inoculation of corn silage with Lactobacillus spp. or Saccharomyces cerevisiae alone or in combination on silage fermentation characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of growing beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 4974-4986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayakrishnan Nair ◽  
Shanwei Xu ◽  
Brenda Smiley ◽  
Hee-Eun Yang ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Silage Inoculant ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of a novel silage inoculant containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 3 as a direct fed microbial (DFM) on the ensiling, aerobic stability, and nutrient digestibility of whole-crop corn silage and growth performance of beef cattle. Treatments included uninoculated corn silage (CON) or corn silage inoculated with a mixture of 1.1 × 105 cfu g−1 fresh forage Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri (INOC1) or 1.0 × 104 cfu g−1 fresh forage S. cerevisiae strain 3 (INOC2) or a mixture of INOC1 and INOC2 (INOC3). Silage in INOC1 had lower (P = 0.03) proportion of lactate, with acetate (Ac) proportion ranking as INOC1 &gt; INOC3 &gt; INOC2 (P &lt; 0.01). In terminal silage, numbers of lactic acid bacteria were greater (P = 0.05) for INOC1 than CON and INOC2, while yeast counts tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for INOC2 than INOC3 on day 3 of aerobic exposure. Aerobic stability of corn silage was not impacted by inoculation with S. cerevisiae strain 3. Heifers fed INOC2 and INOC3 had lower (P &lt; 0.01) ruminal Ac concentration than those fed CON. Apparent total tract digestibilities of DM, OM, ADF, and NDF were greater (P ≤ 0.03) for heifers fed INOC2 than those fed CON. Growth performance was similar across treatments, excepting DMI as percent of BW tended to be lower (P = 0.08) for INOC2 steers compared to CON steers. These results suggest that S. cerevisiae strain 3 has potential as a component in a fourth generation DFM silage inoculant.

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