scholarly journals Attenuation of Methamphetamine-Induced conditioned place preference in Mice after a Drug-Free period and Facilitation of this effect by exposure to a Running Wheel

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. JEN.S10046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobue Kitanaka ◽  
Junichi Kitanaka ◽  
F. Scott Hall ◽  
George R. Uhl ◽  
Kaname Watabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Running Wheel ◽  
Drug Seeking ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Group A ◽  
Locomotor Activities ◽  
Group B ◽  
Drug Free

The effect of exposure of male mice to a horizontal running wheel (Fast-Trac™) on conditioned place preference (CPP) and hyperlocomotion induced by methamphetamine (METH) was determined. In the first experiment eleven-week-old male ICR mice were divided into three groups and exposed to three different environments (housed individually with (group A) or without a running wheel (group B), or housed in a group of eight mice without a running wheel (group C)) for two weeks except during periods of CPP conditioning and testing procedures. Administration of METH (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) every other day during three conditioning sessions, with saline conditioning sessions in the other compartment on alternate days (ie, saline/METH conditioning), induced a significant CPP, compared to saline/saline conditioning, in mice of groups A and C, but not B. The increased CPP for METH was significantly attenuated by additional 5-day (drug-free)-exposure to a running wheel in mice of group A (but not group C). In the second experiment, pre-exposure of another set of mice to a running wheel for three days did not affect a subsequent METH (1.0 mg/kg)- or saline-induced horizontal locomotion or rearing, compared with the locomotor activities observed in mice without an experience of a running wheel. These observations suggest that experience of a running wheel may selectively facilitate an attenuation of drug-seeking behavior.

scholarly journals Do Prenatally Methamphetamine-Exposed Adult Male Rats Display General Predisposition to Drug Abuse in the Conditioned Place Preference Test?

2012 ◽  
pp. S129-S138
Author(s):  
R. ŠLAMBEROVÁ ◽  
M. POMETLOVÁ ◽  
B. SCHUTOVÁ ◽  
L. HRUBÁ ◽  
E. MACÚCHOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Drug Seeking ◽  
Seeking Behavior

Drug abuse of pregnant women is a growing problem. The effect of prenatal drug exposure may have devastating effect on development of the offsprings that may be long-term or even permanent. One of the most common drug abused by pregnant women is methamphetamine (MA), which is also the most frequently abused illicit drug in the Czech Republic. Our previous studies demonstrated that prenatal MA exposure alters behavior, cognition, pain and seizures in adult rats in sex-specific manner. Our most recent studies demonstrate that prenatal MA exposure makes adult rats more sensitive to acute injection of the same or related drugs than their controls. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of prenatal MA exposure on drug-seeking behavior of adult male rats tested in the Conditioned place preference (CPP). Adult male rats were divided to: prenatally MA-exposed (5 mg/kg daily for the entire prenatal period), prenatally saline-exposed (1 ml/kg of physiological saline) and controls (without maternal injections). The following drugs were used in the CPP test in adulthood: MA (5 mg/kg), amphetamine (5 mg/kg), cocaine (5 and 10 mg/kg), morphine (5 mg/kg), MDMA (5 mg/kg) and THC (2 mg/kg). Our data demonstrated that prenatally MA-exposed rats displayed higher amphetamine-seeking behavior than both controls. MA as well as morphine induced drug-seeking behavior of adult male rats, however this effect did not differ based on the prenatal MA exposure. In contrast, prenatal MA exposure induced rather tolerance to cocaine than sensitization after the conditioning in the CPP. MDMA and THC did not induce significant effects. Even though the present data did not fully confirmed our hypotheses, future studies are planned to test the drug-seeking behavior also in self-administration test.

scholarly journals Ethanol-induced conditioned place preference and aversion differentially alter plasticity in the bed nucleus of stria terminalis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipanwita Pati ◽  
Melanie M. Pina ◽  
Thomas L. Kash
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Glutamate Release ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Place Conditioning ◽  
Stria Terminalis ◽  
Drug Seeking ◽  
Bed Nucleus ◽  
Seeking Behavior

AbstractContextual cues associated with drugs of abuse, such as ethanol, can trigger craving and drug seeking behavior. Pavlovian procedures, such as place conditioning, have been widely used to study the rewarding/aversive properties of drugs and the association between environmental cues and drug seeking. Previous research has shown that ethanol as an unconditioned stimulus can induce a strong conditioned place preference (CPP) or aversion (CPA) in rodents. However, the neural mechanisms underlying ethanol induced reward and aversion have not been thoroughly investigated. The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), an integral part of the extended amygdala, is engaged by both rewarding and aversive stimuli and plays a role in ethanol seeking behavior. Here, we used ex-vivo slice physiology to probe learning-induced synaptic plasticity in the BNST following ethanol-induced CPP and CPA. Male DBA/2J mice (2-3 months old) were conditioned using previously reported ethanol-induced CPP/CPA procedures. Ethanol-induced CPP was associated with increased neuronal excitability in the ventral BNST (vBNST). Conversely, ethanol-induced CPA resulted in a significant decrease in spontaneous glutamatergic transmission without alterations in GABAergic signaling. Ethanol-CPA also led to significant increase in paired pulse ratio at excitatory synapses, suggestive of a decrease in presynaptic glutamate release. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the vBNST is involved in the modulation of contextual learning associated with both the rewarding and the aversive properties of ethanol in mice.

scholarly journals Oxytocin Attenuates Expression, but Not Acquisition, of Sucrose Conditioned Place Preference in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon Patel ◽  
Megana Sundar ◽  
Eva Lorenz ◽  
Kah-Chung Leong
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Reward Seeking ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Natural Rewards ◽  
Insight Into

Maladaptation of reward processing for natural rewards, such as sucrose or sugar, may play a role in the development of diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Furthermore, uncovering mechanisms to disrupt or reverse maladaptation of reward-seeking behaviors for natural reinforcers can provide insight into treatment of such diseases, as well as disorders such as addiction. As such, studying the effects of potential pharmacotherapeutics on maladaptive sugar-seeking behavior offers valuable clinical significance. Sucrose conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigms can offer insight into aspects of reward processes as it provides a way to assess acquisition and expression of context-reward associations. The present study examined the effect of peripheral oxytocin injections on sucrose CPP in rats. Oxytocin, when administered prior to CPP test, attenuated expression of sucrose CPP. However, oxytocin, when administered during sucrose conditioning, did not affect subsequent place preference. These findings suggest oxytocin sufficiently attenuates expression of sucrose-associated place preference.

scholarly journals CREST in the Nucleus Accumbens Core Regulates Cocaine Conditioned Place Preference, Cocaine-Seeking Behavior, and Synaptic Plasticity

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (44) ◽  
pp. 9514-9526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasaman Alaghband ◽  
Enikö Kramár ◽  
Janine L. Kwapis ◽  
Earnest S. Kim ◽  
Thekla J. Hemstedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens Core ◽  
Cocaine Seeking ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Accumbens Core

Accumbal Neural Responses During the Initiation and Maintenance of Intravenous Cocaine Self-Administration

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Peoples ◽  
Kevin G. Lynch ◽  
Jamie Lesnock ◽  
Nidhi Gangadhar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Effects ◽  
Extracellular Recording ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Drug Seeking ◽  
Recording Session ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Excitatory Responses ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Intravenous Cocaine

During a chronic extracellular recording session, animals with a history of cocaine self-administration were allowed to initiate drug seeking under drug-free conditions. Later, in the same recording session, animals engaged in intravenous cocaine self-administration. During the drug-free period, 31% of 70 accumbal neurons showed a significant increase in average firing rate in association with either or both the exposure to cues that signaled the onset of cocaine availability and the subsequent onset of drug-seeking behavior. The neurons that showed an average excitatory response during the drug-free period were the only group of neurons that showed an average excitatory phasic response to cocaine-reinforced lever presses during the drug self-administration session. A majority of the neurons that were activated during the drug-free period, like the majority of other neurons, showed decreases in average firing in response to self-administered cocaine. However, the neurons that were activated during the drug-free period maintained a higher rate of firing throughout the self-administration session than did other accumbal neurons. The data of the present study are consistent with the conclusion that accumbal neurons contribute to, or otherwise process, initiation of drug seeking under drug-free conditions and that they do so via primarily excitatory responses. Furthermore, there is continuity between the drug-free and -exposed conditions in neural responses associated with drug seeking. Finally, the data have potential implications for understanding mechanisms that transduce accumbal-mediated drug effects that contribute to drug addiction.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Efficacy of Functional Task with Unilateral AFO and Knee Gaiter versus Bobath Intervention on Patients Gait Dysfunction in Stroke Population - A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Thangavelu Karthikeyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Stroke Population ◽  
Gait Dysfunction ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Functional Task

Introduction: Stroke is defined as sudden onset of focal neurological deficit lasting more than 24 hours duration. There are several complications derived from these illness, including neurological disorders like gait dysfunction. Attending to this problem, some treatments have been developed, including ankle foot orthosis (AFO), knee gaiter and bobath intervention. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of functional task in patients affected by stroke. Material and Methods: Timed up and go (TUG) was the measurement evaluated. A total of 10 stroke patient were recruited for the study. 5 (Group A) received treatment with Functional Task Intervention with AFO knee gaiter). Group B (n=5) were treated with Bobath Intervention. The inclusion criteria were unilateral stroke with 3-6 months duration after onset, age limit 45-65 years and ability to comprehend the instructions for testing procedures. The exclusion criteria were bilateral stroke, mental dysfunction, non cooperative patients, cognitive and perceptual dysfunction, visual and auditory impairment and orthopedic disorders that impair ambulation. Results: The pretest mean score of Group A was 30.18 and the post-test mean score was 13.08. On the other hand, group B patients obtained a pre-test mean score of 31.48 and the post-test mean score was 18.04. Conclusion: The result of the present comparative study concluded that the functional task intervention with unilateral AFO and knee gaiter was more effective than Bobath intervention on stroke population.

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