scholarly journals A Review of Systemic Treatment in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. BCBCR.S32783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon B. Zeichner ◽  
Hiromi Terawaki ◽  
Keerthi Gogineni
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Metastatic Setting ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
New Treatment

Patients with breast cancer along with metastatic estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR)- and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative tumors are referred to as having metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) disease. Although there have been many new treatment options approved by the Food and Drug Administration for ER/PR-positive and Her2/neu-amplified metastatic breast cancer, relatively few new agents have been approved for patients with mTNBC. There have been several head-to-head chemotherapy trials performed within the metastatic setting, and much of what is applied in clinical practice is extrapolated from chemotherapy trials in the adjuvant setting, with taxanes and anthracyclines incorporated early on in the patient's treatment course. Select synergistic combinations can produce faster and more significant response rates compared with monotherapy and are typically used in the setting of visceral threat or symptomatic disease. Preclinical studies have implicated other possible targets and mechanisms in mTNBC. Ongoing clinical trials are underway assessing new chemotherapeutic strategies and agents, including targeted therapy and immunotherapy. In this review, we evaluate the standard systemic and future treatment options in mTNBC.

Triple Negative Breast Cancer Pathologic Diagnosis and Current Chemotherapy Treatment Options

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Bernardo L Rapoport ◽  
Simon Nayler ◽  
Georgia S Demetriou ◽  
Shun D Moodley ◽  
Carol A Benn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Pathologic Complete Response ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Pathologic Diagnosis ◽  
Metastatic Setting

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises 12–20 % of all breast cancers and are a heterogeneous group of tumors, both clinically and pathologically. These cancers are characterized by the lack of expression of the hormone receptors estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), combined with the lack of either overexpression or amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)gene. Conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and DNA damaging agents continue to be the mainstay of treatment of this disease in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and metastatic setting. The lack of predictive markers in identifying potential targets for the treatment of TNBC has left a gap in directed therapy in these patients. Platinum agents have seen renewed interest in TNBC based on an increasing body of preclinical and clinical data suggesting encouraging activity. However, comparisons between chemotherapy regimens are mostly retrospective in nature and the best agents or drug combinations for TNBC have not been established in prospective randomized trials. Numerous studies have now shown that TNBC has significantly higher pathologic complete response (pCR) rates compared with hormone receptor positive breast cancer when treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and pCR correlates well with better outcomes for these patients. Patients with TNBC account for a larger number of deaths in the setting of metastatic breast cancer. There is no preferred treatment for the first-line metastatic setting. Although individual agents are recommended, given the often aggressive nature of TNBC and the presence of extensive visceral disease, the use of a combination of drugs, rather than a single agent, is often advocated. This review article will outline the pathologic diagnosis of TNBC and the treatment options available to these patients in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and metastatic setting, including an assessment of future directions of treatment.

Triple Negative Breast Cancer: A Brief Review of its Characteristics and Treatment Options

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie L. Griffiths ◽  
Jacqueline L. Olin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive variant of breast cancer, is characterized by lack of expression of the estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PRs) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER-2) that are commonly observed in other breast cancer subtypes. The TNBC subtype primarily occurs in younger women of African American or Hispanic descent and tumors tend to be high grade and initially responsive to chemotherapy. However, TNBC is characteristically aggressive with high recurrence, metastatic, and mortality rates. Treatment options are limited since the hormonal receptor and HER-2 antagonists typically used for other breast cancers are ineffective. As such, the mainstay of treatment of TNBC is traditional systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy. Potential future therapies for TNBC include targeted molecular strategies including poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents. Further research aimed at identifying unique genetic characteristics of TNBC may allow development of other targeted molecular chemotherapy treatment options.

Triple Negative Breast Cancer Pathologic Diagnosis and Current Chemotherapy Treatment Options

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo L Rapoport ◽  
Simon Nayler ◽  
Georgia S Demetriou ◽  
Shun D Moodley ◽  
Carol A Benn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Metastatic Setting

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises 12–20 % of all breast cancers and are a heterogeneous group of tumours, both clinically and pathologically. These cancers are characterised by the lack of expression of the hormone receptors oestrogen receptor (OR) and progesterone receptor (PR), combined with the lack of either overexpression or amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) gene. Conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and DNA damaging agents continue to be the mainstay of treatment of this disease in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant and metastatic setting. The lack of predictive markers in identifying potential targets for the treatment of TNBC has left a gap in directed therapy in these patients. Platinum agents have seen renewed interest in TNBC based on an increasing body of preclinical and clinical data suggesting encouraging activity. However, comparisons between chemotherapy regimens are mostly retrospective in nature and the best agents or drug combinations for TNBC have not been established in prospective randomised trials. Numerous studies have now shown that TNBC has significantly higher pathological complete response (pCR) rates compared with hormone receptor positive breast cancer when treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and pCR correlates well with better outcomes for these patients. Patients with TNBC account for a larger number of deaths in the setting of metastatic breast cancer. There is no preferred treatment for the first-line metastatic setting. Although individual agents are recommended, given the often aggressive nature of TNBC and the presence of extensive visceral disease, the use of a combination of drugs, rather than a single agent, is often advocated. This review article will outline the pathological diagnosis of TNBC and the treatment options available to these patients in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant and metastatic setting, including an assessment of future directions of treatment.

scholarly journals Immunotherapy using PD‑1/PDL-1 inhibitors in triple‑negative breast cancer: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dione Tavares ◽  
Victoria Chaves Ribeiro ◽  
Laércio Moreira Cardoso-Júnior ◽  
Thiago Rhangel Gomes Teixeira ◽  
Gabriela Ramos Varrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Combination Strategies ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Metastatic Setting ◽  
New Treatment

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and is one of the leading causes of death from cancer in women worldwide. Despite the significant benefits of using conventional chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer, one of its subtypes, the triple negative breast cancer, is still a challenge in clinical practice. Recent studies have been investigating the role of the immune system in breast cancer and the development of immunotherapy. Although recently the use of atezolizumab, an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody, combined with chemotherapy was approved, an important step in the treatment of patients with triple negative metastatic breast cancer, the use of immunotherapy to treat breast tumors remains a major challenge. In this systematic literature review, following PRISMA guidelines, we searched for clinical trials using immunotherapy in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer published until June 2019 in the databases EMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), with no language restrictions. We did not contact the authors of the clinical trials to obtain additional information.Two researchers independently collected the data and assessed the quality of this study. The literature shows that immunotherapy with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents is emerging as a new treatment option in breast cancer. On the other hand, when compared to other types of cancer in which several agents have already been approved, the research is still in its infancy. The use of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents monotherapy revealed encouraging results in the metastatic setting, especially when administered in the early course of the disease, although combination strategies with chemotherapy appear to increase its efficacy.

scholarly journals Triple-negative breast cancer in children: a case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexiang SHI ◽  
Chengtao Chi ◽  
Yinan Zhang ◽  
Zhongwen Sun ◽  
Wenxian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Cancer In Children

Abstract Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is often considered a breast tumor with a poor prognosis that lacks or decreases the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2). It tends to occur in middle-aged and older women, and cases of TNBC in children are rarely reported. Methods We report a case of basal-like TNBC in a child at our hospital and review the related literature. Results Based on the patient's condition we performed a local mass excision, and despite the postoperative pathological diagnosis of TNBC, this case of basic TNBC had a good prognosis and was very different from conventional basic TNBC in many ways. Conclusions Although secretory breast cancer is a subtype of basal-like TNBC, it has its peculiarities and is completely different from basal-like TNBC. There is a need to raise awareness of the disease, select individualized treatment options, and prevent medical errors.

scholarly journals Optimizing cisplatin delivery to triple-negative breast cancer through novel EGFR aptamer-conjugated polymeric nanovectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Agnello ◽  
Silvia Tortorella ◽  
Annachiara d’Argenio ◽  
Clarissa Carbone ◽  
Simona Camorani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Metastatic Setting

Abstract Background Management of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still challenging because of its aggressive clinical behavior and limited targeted treatment options. Cisplatin represents a promising chemotherapeutic compound in neoadjuvant approaches and in the metastatic setting, but its use is limited by scarce bioavailability, severe systemic side effects and drug resistance. Novel site-directed aptamer-based nanotherapeutics have the potential to overcome obstacles of chemotherapy. In this study we investigated the tumor targeting and the anti-tumorigenic effectiveness of novel cisplatin-loaded and aptamer-decorated nanosystems in TNBC. Methods Nanotechnological procedures were applied to entrap cisplatin at high efficacy into polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) that were conjugated on their surface with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) selective and cell-internalizing CL4 aptamer to improve targeted therapy. Internalization into TNBC MDA-MB-231 and BT-549 cells of aptamer-decorated PNPs, loaded with BODIPY505-515, was monitored by confocal microscopy using EGFR-depleted cells as negative control. Tumor targeting and biodistribution was evaluated by fluorescence reflectance imaging upon intravenously injection of Cyanine7-labeled nanovectors in nude mice bearing subcutaneous MDA-MB-231 tumors. Cytotoxicity of cisplatin-loaded PNPs toward TNBC cells was evaluated by MTT assay and the antitumor effect was assessed by tumor growth experiments in vivo and ex vivo analyses. Results We demonstrate specific, high and rapid uptake into EGFR-positive TNBC cells of CL4-conjugated fluorescent PNPs which, when loaded with cisplatin, resulted considerably more cytotoxic than the free drug and nanovectors either unconjugated or conjugated with a scrambled aptamer. Importantly, animal studies showed that the CL4-equipped PNPs achieve significantly higher tumor targeting efficiency and enhanced therapeutic effects, without any signs of systemic toxicity, compared with free cisplatin and untargeted PNPs. Conclusions Our study proposes novel and safe drug-loaded targeted nanosystems for EGFR-positive TNBC with excellent potential for the application in cancer diagnosis and therapy.

scholarly journals Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells with the Canady Cold Plasma Conversion System: Preliminary Results

Plasma ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqian Cheng ◽  
Warren Rowe ◽  
Lawan Ly ◽  
Alexey Shashurin ◽  
Taisen Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Conversion Unit ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Triple-negative breast cancer is a phenotype of breast cancer where the expression level of estrogen, progesterone and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptors are low or absent. It is more frequently diagnosed in younger and premenopausal women, among which African and Hispanic have a higher rate. Cold atmospheric plasma has revealed its promising ant-cancer capacity over the past two decades. In this study, we report the first cold plasma jet delivered by the Canady Cold Plasma Conversion Unit and characterization of its electric and thermal parameters. The unit effectively reduced the viability of triple-negative breast cancer up to 80% without thermal damage, providing a starting point for future clinical trials.

scholarly journals Low KIBRA Expression Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
So-Woon Kim ◽  
Jinah Chu ◽  
Sung-Im Do ◽  
Kiyong Na
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Hippo Signaling ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Luminal B ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Background and Objectives: Kidney and brain protein (KIBRA) is a protein encoded by the WW and C2 domain containing 1 (WWC1) gene and is involved in the Hippo signaling pathway. Recent studies have revealed the prognostic value of KIBRA expression; however, its role in breast cancer remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine KIBRA expression in relation to the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with breast cancer and to disease outcomes. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the expression of KIBRA and its correlation with event-free survival (EFS) outcomes in resected samples from 486 patients with breast cancer. Results: KIBRA expression was significantly different among the molecular subgroups (low KIBRA expression: luminal A, 46.7% versus 50.0%, p = 0.641; luminal B, 32.7% versus 71.7%, p < 0.001; human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-enriched, 64.9% versus 45.5%. p = 0.001; triple-negative, 73.6% versus 43.8%, p < 0.001). Low KIBRA expression was also associated with high nuclear grade (60.4% versus 37.8%, p < 0.001), high histologic grade (58.7% versus 37.0%, p < 0.001), and estrogen receptor (ER) negativity (54.2% versus 23.6%, p < 0.001). Low KIBRA expression was significantly associated with poor EFS (p = 0.041; hazard ratio (HR) 1.658; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.015–2.709). Low KIBRA expression was an independent indicator of poor prognosis (p = 0.001; HR = 3.952; 95% CI = 1.542–10.133) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Conclusion: Low KIBRA expression was associated with higher histological grade, ER negativity and poor EFS of breast cancer. In particular, our data highlight KIBRA expression status as a potential prognostic marker for TNBC.

scholarly journals Opportunities for metastatic triple negative breast cancer therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Inna P. Ganshina ◽  
Olga O. Gordeeva ◽  
Mariam S. Manukyan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Parp Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Biological Heterogeneity ◽  
New Treatment

Metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC) is a difficult task for the chemotherapist in view of the disease aggressiveness, biological heterogeneity of the tumor, as well as the limit of therapy options. The approved modern drugs, such as immunotherapy and PARP inhibitors, have improved the treatment results in women with mTNBC. However, not all women are the candidates for this kind of therapy due to the lack of suitable points of application. In this context, high hopes are placed on the new treatment options currently being studied in clinical trials. The review summarizes data on advanced drugs that have demonstrated their efficacy in this multiplex group of women, but not yet registered at the territory of the Russian Federation Russian Federation, and will allow us to form an idea of the future algorithm of treatment of women with mTNBC.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document