Borehole Geophysics and Hydrophysical Logging of Fractured Bedrock at the Alark Hard Chrome Facility, Riverside, California

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis E. Hunter ◽  
William H. Pedler ◽  
David W. Henry ◽  
Nancy Barnes ◽  
John Erwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borehole Geophysics ◽  
Fractured Bedrock ◽  
Hard Chrome

Borehole Geophysics and Hydrophysical Logging of Fractured Bedrock at The Alark Hard Chrome Facility, Riverside, California

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis E. Hunter ◽  
William H. Pedler ◽  
David W. Henry ◽  
Nancy Barnes ◽  
John Erwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borehole Geophysics ◽  
Fractured Bedrock ◽  
Hard Chrome

EELS characterization of “Smut” layer films on steel surface prepared for chrome plating by anodic etching

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
E Y. Wang ◽  
J. T. Cherian ◽  
A. Madsen ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Steel Surface ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Chrome Plating ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hard Chrome ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Many steel parts are electro-plated with chromium to protect them against corrosion and to improve their wear-resistance. Good adhesion of the chrome plate to the steel surface, which is essential for long term durability of the part, is extremely dependent on surface preparation prior to plating. Recently, McDonnell Douglas developed a new pre-treatment method for chrome plating in which the steel is anodically etched in a sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution. On carbon steel surfaces, this anodic pre-treatment produces a dark, loosely adhering material that is commonly called the “smut” layer. On stainless steels and nickel alloys, the surface is only darkened by the anodic pre-treatment and little residue is produced. Anodic pre-treatment prior to hard chrome plating results in much better adherence to both carbon and alloy steels.We have characterized the anodic pre-treated steel surface and the resulting “smut” layer using various techniques including electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on bulk samples and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) on stripped films.

FLOW IN FRACTURED BEDROCK CRACK NETWORK AND ITS ROLE IN PLUCKING

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kameko R Landry ◽  
◽  
David Jorgensen Harbor
Keyword(s):  
Crack Network ◽  
Fractured Bedrock

CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIGENOUS BACTERIA AS A GROUNDWATER TRACER IN FRACTURED BEDROCK

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Ordung ◽  
◽  
Gary A. Robbins ◽  
Kendra Maas ◽  
Mark Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Bacteria ◽  
Fractured Bedrock

scholarly journals Three-dimensional hydrostratigraphy and groundwater flow models in complex Quaternary deposits and weathered/fractured bedrock: evaluating increasing model complexity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Charlotta Åberg ◽  
Annika Katarina Åberg ◽  
Kirsti Korkka-Niemi
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
Fractured Bedrock ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Flow Modelling ◽  
Crystalline Bedrock ◽  
Discharge Patterns ◽  
Geological Units

AbstractGreater complexity in three-dimensional (3D) model structures yields more plausible groundwater recharge/discharge patterns, especially in groundwater/surface-water interactions. The construction of a 3D hydrostratigraphic model prior to flow modelling is beneficial when the hydraulic conductivity of geological units varies considerably. A workflow for 3D hydrostratigraphic modelling with Leapfrog Geo and flow modelling with MODFLOW-NWT was developed. It was used to evaluate how the modelling results for groundwater flow and recharge/discharge patterns differ when using simple or more complex hydrostratigraphic models. The workflow was applied to a study site consisting of complex Quaternary sediments underlain by fractured and weathered crystalline bedrock. Increasing the hydrostratigraphic detail appeared to improve the fit between the observed and simulated water table, and created more plausible groundwater flow patterns. Interlayered zones of low and high conductivity disperse the recharge/discharge patterns, increasing the vertical flow component. Groundwater flow was predominantly horizontal in models in which Quaternary sediments and bedrock were simplified as one layer per unit. It appears to be important to define the interlayered low-conductivity units, which can limit groundwater infiltration and also affect groundwater discharge patterns. Explicit modelling with Leapfrog Geo was found to be effective but time-consuming in the generation of scattered and thin-layered strata.

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