scholarly journals Competence and transformation of oral Streptococcus sobrinus in dental caries

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
SG Damle
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Oral Streptococcus

scholarly journals Longitudinal study of dental caries incidence associated with Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in pre-school children

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 661-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsugi Okada ◽  
Yoshiko Soda ◽  
Fumiko Hayashi ◽  
Takako Doi ◽  
Junji Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
School Children ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus

The Role of Genetic Factors in the Outbreak Mechanism of Dental Caries

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Shimomura-Kuroki ◽  
Tomoko Nashida ◽  
Yukio Miyagawa ◽  
Tsuneo Sekimoto
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Mucosal Cells

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between cariogenic bacterial infection and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes associated with dental caries, and to explore the factors related to caries in children.Study design: Children aged 3 to 11 years were selected. Detection of cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sobrinus and Lactobacillus) from the plaque of each patient, and SNP analyses of five candidate genes (MBL2, TAS2R38, GLUT2, MMP13 and CA6) were performed using DNA isolated from buccal mucosal cells. The dental caries experience in primary and permanent teeth was determined using the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index, and the effects of the observed factors on the DMFT value were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. Results: The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that the DMFT value significantly increased in the presence of S. mutans or S. sobrinus (p < 0.001), while the dmft/DMFT value decreased in the presence of nucleobase C in MBL2 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that the MBL2 gene is related to the pathogenesis of dental caries.

Influence of Desalivation in Rats on Incidence of Caries in Intact Cagemates

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1316-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.H. Bowen ◽  
K.M. Madison ◽  
S.K. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Intact Animal ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Salivary Function ◽  
Micro Organisms

The evidence that dental caries is an infectious and transmitted disease in rodents is unequivocal. However, the factors controlling the transmission of micro-organisms from one animal to another have not been extensively explored. Results from previous studies in our laboratory showed that desalivated animals became infected by Streptococcus sobrinus in a shorter period of time than did intact animals. Furthermore, an additional study in our laboratory showed that animals with intact salivary function caged with desalivated animals harbored more S. sobrinus immediately following establishment of infection than did intact animals housed with other intact animals. Therefore, it seemed appropriate to determine the influence on caries development of caging a desalivated animal with an intact animal. In this study, intact Sprague-Dawley rats were caged with desalivated animals; additional groups of intact animals were housed with chlorhexidine-treated animals that were either intact or desalivated. Although chlorhexidine suppressed both caries development and the level of infection by S. sobrinus, nevertheless, intact animals caged with desalivated animals invariably developed more caries than did intact animals housed with other intact animals. Treating intact animals with chlorhexidine did not affect caries scores in untreated intact cagemates. Overall, the results suggest that a highly acidogenic flora with enhanced virulence (including S. sobrinus) is selected in the desalivated animals; this flora is apparently readily transmitted to intact cagemates, leading to enhanced levels of smooth-surface caries.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Bacterial Isolates Among Dental Caries Patients Attending Clinic At Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 166-171
Author(s):  
Orhue O. Philips ◽  
Omoregie Timothy ◽  
Idehen I. Charlse ◽  
Iserhienrhien Osamuyimen
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Laboratory Procedures

Despite the global public health importance of dental caries, it is greatly understudied. This study investigates the incidence and prevalent bacteria species in dental carries among patients attending dental clinic in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria. Patients presenting with signs, symptoms and suspected cases of dental caries attending dental clinic in the hospital between May and July 2017 were recruited. Following standard laboratory procedures, swabs were obtained, morphologically and biochemically analyzed and data subjected to simple statistical analysis. Of the 340 suspected cases, 65.59% were positive for bacteria (25.11% in children and 74.89% in adult). Females were more likely (1.23 times) to be affected and 2.98 times more common in adults than children. The prevalent bacteria isolated was Streptococcus mutans (151; 67.7%), Streptococcus sobrinus (36; 16.4%), Lactobacillus acidophilus (22; 9.9%), Streptococcus salivarius (10; 4.5%) and lastly Streptococcus mitis (4; 1.8%). Biochemical characterization showed isolated Streptococus and Lactobacillus species were non-motile and negative to catalase, citrate, oxidase, indole and urease tests. This study showed the incidence of dental caries is high in the study area and that Streptococcus mutans is the most causative bacteria.

scholarly journals Immunological and Protective Effects of Diepitopic Subunit Dental Caries Vaccines

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 2797-2804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Smith ◽  
William F. King ◽  
Joy Rivero ◽  
Martin A. Taubman
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Catalytic Domain ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Binding Characteristics ◽  
Native Proteins ◽  
Multiple Antigenic Peptide ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Peptide Map

ABSTRACT As a prelude to development of broader-spectrum vaccines for dental caries, we explored the immune potential of constructs combining epitopes from mutans streptococcal glucosyltransferases (GTF) and glucan binding protein B (GbpB). Two diepitopic peptide constructs were synthesized in a multiple antigenic peptide (MAP) format. Both constructs contained SYI, a 20-mer GbpB peptide that included a sequence having major histocompatibility complex class II binding characteristics. One diepitopic construct (SYI-CAT) also contained a 22-mer sequence from the catalytic domain of GTF. Another diepitopic construct (SYI-GLU) contained a 22-mer sequence from the glucan binding domain of GTF. To assess the ability of each construct to induce antibody reactive with GbpB and GTF native proteins, rats were injected subcutaneously with SYI-CAT, SYI-GLU, or the constituent monoepitopic constructs. Only the SYI-CAT construct induced significant levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibody to both pathogenesis-associated proteins. Also, immunization with SYI-CAT significantly (P < 0.001) enhanced the antibody response to the CAT peptide. Experiments then compared experimental dental caries after immunization with SYI-CAT, SYI, or CAT MAP constructs, followed by infection with Streptococcus mutans strain SJr. Dental caries were lower in each peptide-immunized group than in the sham-injected group. The level of protection after SYI-CAT immunization was similar to that after immunization with constituent MAP constructs. In another experiment, rats were infected with Streptococcus sobrinus strain 6715 under an identical protocol. Significant protection was observed on buccal surfaces in both SYI-CAT and CAT construct-immunized, but not in the SYI construct-immunized, groups. Thus, addition of the GbpB-derived SYI peptide to the GTF-derived CAT peptide construct not only enhanced the immunological response to CAT and GTF epitopes, but also extended the protective effect of the construct to include both S. mutans and S. sobrinus.

scholarly journals Synthetic antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) against S. mutans and S. sobrinus inhibit caries formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Kausar Alam ◽  
Li Zheng ◽  
Ruirui Liu ◽  
Silvana Papagerakis ◽  
Petros Papagerakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Antigen Binding ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Immunization Strategies ◽  
Caries Model ◽  
Causative Agents

Abstract Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are the main causative agents of human dental caries. Current strategies for treating caries are costly and do not completely eradicate them completely. Passive immunization using nonhuman antibodies against Streptococcal surface antigens has shown success in human trials, however they often invoke immune reactions. We used phage display to generate human antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) against S. mutans and S. sobrinus. These Fabs were readily expressed in E. coli and bound to the surface S. mutans and S. sobrinus. Fabs inhibited sucrose-induced S. mutans and S. sobrinus biofilm formation in vitro and a combination of S. mutans and S. sobrinus Fabs prevented dental caries formation in a rat caries model. These results demonstrated that S. mutans and S. sobrinus Fabs could be used in passive immunization strategies to prevent dental caries. In the future, this strategy may be applied towards a caries therapy, whereby Fabs are topically applied to the tooth surface.

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