scholarly journals Tracheal perforation managed by temporary tracheostomy in a horse : clinical communication

2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.N. Saulez ◽  
N.M. Slovis ◽  
A.T. Louden
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Respiratory Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Communication ◽  
Severe Emphysema ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Tracheal trauma with resultant rupture is uncommonly reported in veterinary literature. We report the case of a 16-year-old Thoroughbred gelding that sustained a 1 cm longitudinal perforation of the dorsal tracheal membrane in the proximal cervical region. The horse subsequently developed dyspnoea due to acute upper respiratory obstruction secondary to severe emphysema of the guttural pouches. A temporary tracheostomy caudal to the site of tracheal perforation was performed under local anaesthesia. This procedure helped relieve the upper airway obstruction and aided resolution of the injury by diverting air away from the site of tracheal perforation. After conservative management, the gelding recovered completely.

Upper Airway Obstruction in Infectious Mononucleosis

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 430-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. Wolfe ◽  
Lee D. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Unusual Complication ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Respiratory Obstruction ◽  
Swallowing Function ◽  
Bulbar Paralysis ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Life-threatening upper respiratory obstruction is an unusual complication of infectious mononucleosis. Although the majority of fatalities result from progressive bulbar paralysis or the Guillain-Barré syndrome, airway impairment primarily occurs as a result of pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia and associated faucial arch edema. Recent experience in a young child with infectious mononucleosis who exhibited progressive hypersomnolence, sleep apnea, and stridor during sleep is presented. In addition, a retrospective analysis of 72 cases of respiratory complications of infectious mononucleosis provides guidelines for specific airway management. Mild upper respiratory obstruction with persistent fever, severe odynophagia, and malaise is treated with parenteral corticosteroids. Immediate tonsillectomy using a halothane and oxygen induction technique is recommended for severe airway occlusion. Tracheotomy is currently reserved for those patients with progressive alveolar hypoventilation, hypercarbia, atelectasis, and bulbar paralysis. In general, tonsillectomy is well-tolerated, eliminating airway obstruction, improving swallowing function, and rapidly resolving pharyngeal discomfort.

Failed tracheostomy under local anaesthesia…plan B?

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 882-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Maiya ◽  
H L Smith
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Short History ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Relative Contraindication ◽  
History Of

Severe stridor of recent onset is a challenge to deal with because of the lack of investigations on which to base the management plan. We describe a case of an elderly lady who presented to us with a short history of severe stridor. We encountered unanticipated difficulties with tracheostomy under local anaesthesia as the thyroid was replaced by a diffuse mass and the airway had to be secured by an awake fibre-optic intubation. Awake fibre-optic intubation is thought to be a relative contraindication in acute upper airway obstruction, but occasionally tracheostomy under local anaesthesia may not be possible and in experienced hands an awake fibre-optic intubation is a reasonable alternative.

scholarly journals Unusual presentation of ectopic thyroid causing respiratory distress

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
Sunil Kathuria ◽  
Chikku Sunny
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Respiratory Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Foreign Body Inhalation

<p>Internal obstruction of the upper airways can be due to infection, anaphylactic reaction, congenital anomaly, foreign body inhalation or mass. The endoluminal presence of thyroid tissue in the trachea is a rare cause of airway obstruction. Only 14 well documented cases of intratracheal ectopic thyroid tissue have been reported in English literature since 1966. These lesions are mostly benign and nearly all patient present with symptoms of respiratory obstruction. This case report is of a lady who presented with upper airway obstruction due to subglottic ectopic thyroid tissue. An ectopic thyroid gland can develop if its normal migration is halted along this tract during embryogenesis. Subglottic location of ectopic thyroid is extremely rare. However, ectopic thyroid tissue in the larynx should be considered as a possible diagnosis causing upper airway obstruction.</p>

Primary neuroblastoma: a rare cause of a retropharyngeal mass in a neonate

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolaas E Jonas ◽  
Mohammed Thandar ◽  
Richard Pitcher ◽  
Johannes J Fagan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Solid Malignancy ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid malignancy in children and the most common tumour occurring during infancy. This tumour arises from undifferentiated precursor cells of the sympathetic nervous system. The abdomen (65 per cent) is the most common site for these tumours, followed by the throat (15 per cent), pelvis (5 per cent) and cervical region (5 per cent).We report a case of primary retropharyngeal neuroblastoma in a three-week-old baby boy presenting with upper airway obstruction

Sudden Airway Obstruction Due to Pedunculated Laryngeal Polyps

1983 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey N. Hausfeld ◽  
Eiji Yanagisawa ◽  
Myles L. Pensak
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Obstruction

Acute upper airway obstruction from laryngeal polyps is uncommon. However, a large pedunculated laryngeal polyp, when unrecognized, may produce sudden airway obstruction. The importance of an early diagnosis and treatment is stressed. Primary care physicians, endoscopists, anesthesiologists, and otolaryngologists should be aware of this condition and add it to their differential diagnosis of sudden respiratory obstruction.

Nasopharyngeal Turbinates in Brachycephalic Dogs and Cats

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Ginn ◽  
M.S.A. Kumar ◽  
Brendan C. McKiernan ◽  
Barbara E. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Upper Respiratory

This retrospective study reports the presence and incidence of nasal turbinates in the nasopharynx (nasopharyngeal turbinates) in a population of brachycephalic dogs and cats exhibiting signs of upper respiratory disease. Medical records were reviewed for 53 brachycephalic dogs and 10 brachycephalic cats undergoing upper airway endoscopy. Nasopharyngeal turbinates were identified in 21% of brachycephalic animals, including 21% of dogs and 20% of cats. Pugs accounted for 32% of all dogs in the study population and 82% of dogs with nasopharyngeal turbinates. The presence of nasopharyngeal turbinates may play a role in upper airway obstruction in the brachycephalic airway syndrome.

scholarly journals Upper airway obstruction in a patient with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. e50-e51
Author(s):  
D Chatzoudis ◽  
TJ Kelly ◽  
J Lancaster ◽  
TM Jones
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Ehlers Danlos Syndrome ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Danlos Syndrome

We report a case of recurrent airway obstruction episodes resulting from laryngeal hypermobility in a patient with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome. A 44-year-old woman, with known Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, presented with recent onset of episodes of upper airway obstruction due to hypermobility of her larynx. A suitable conservative management strategy proved elusive and the patient finally underwent a thyrohyoidopexy. The patient remains symptom free nine months after the procedure. This is the first report of spontaneous life threatening upper airway obstruction due to hypermobility of the suprahyoid suspensory soft tissues in Ehlers–Danlos syndrome.

scholarly journals Tonsilitis difteri dengan sumbatan jalan napas atas

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Syahrial Marsinta Hutauruk ◽  
Fauziah Fardizza ◽  
Sevi Aristya
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Obstruction

Latar belakang: Difteri adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh kuman bacillus grampositif Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Bakteri ini terutama menyebabkan infeksi pada saluran napasberupa tonsilofaringitis, laringitis, maupun keduanya secara bersamaan, ditandai dengan terbentuknyapseudomembran. Kematian pada anak dengan penyakit ini umumnya terjadi karena sumbatan jalannapas atas, ataupun efek sistemik toksin difteri. Tujuan: Melaporkan dan menganalisis kasus tonsilitisdifteri yang berakhir dengan kematian meskipun telah mendapat tatalaksana sumbatan jalan napas atas.Laporan kasus: Kasus anak perempuan usia 4 tahun, dan anak laki-laki usia 5 tahun dengan tonsilitisdifteri disertai sumbatan jalan napas atas. Metode: Telaah literatur berbasis bukti mengenai tonsilitisdifteri, komplikasi, dan status imunisasi melalui database Cochrane, Pubmed Medline, dan EBSCOHost Medline. Berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi didapatkan 3 jurnal yang relevan dengan kasusyang dilaporkan. Hasil: Studi tersebut menyatakan tonsilitis difteri sebagai penyakit dengan komplikasisumbatan jalan napas dan jantung. Komplikasi jantung adalah penyebab kematian tertinggi pada tonsilitisdifteri. Status imunisasi pada kasus meninggal sebagian besar tidak lengkap, dan cakupan imunisasi totalmasih rendah. Kesimpulan: Tonsilitis difteri merupakan kasus jarang dengan tingkat kematian tinggiakibat komplikasi sumbatan jalan napas dan jantung. Kematian dapat terjadi akibat efek sistemik toksindifteri, meskipun sumbatan jalan napas telah diatasi. Status imunisasi yang tidak lengkap dan rendahnyacakupan imunisasi pada wilayah tempat tinggal penderita meningkatkan mortalitas kasus tonsilitis difteri. Kata kunci: tonsilitis difteri, sumbatan jalan napas atas, imunisasi difteri, toksin sistemik ABSTRACTBackground: Diphtheria is an acute infectious disease caused by Corynebacterium diphthe­riae, a gram-positive bacillus. The organism infects primarily the respiratory tract, where it causestonsillopharyngitis, laryngitis, or both, typically marked by the forming of pseudomembrane. In children,either the upper respiratory tract obstruction or the effects of diphtheria toxin are the most common causeof death. Purpose: To report and analyze tonsillitis diphtheria cases that ended up in fatality, althoughthe upper airway obstruction had been managed. Case report: Two cases of a 4-years girl and 5-yearsold boy with tonsillitis diphtheria with upper respiratory tract obstruction. Method: The evidence basedliterature regarding tonsillitis diphtheria, its complication and diphtheria immunization status wereconducted on Cochrane database, Pubmed Medline, and EBSCO Host Medline. Based on the inclusionand exclusion criteria, three studies were found relevant to our cases. Result: These studies stated thattonsillitis diphtheria is a disease with upper airway obstruction and cardiac complications. Cardiaccomplications are the leading cause of death. Immunization status in fatal cases was largely incompleteand total immunization coverage was still low. Conclusion: Tonsillitis diphtheria is a rare case with highmortality rate due to upper airway obstruction and cardiac complication. Systemic effect of diphtheriatoxin can lead to fatality although the airway obstruction had been managed. The incomplete immunizationstatus and the low immunization coverage increased the mortality of tonsillitis diphtheria. Keywords: tonsillitis diphtheria, upper airway obstruction, diphtheria immunization, systemic toxin

Acute tonsillectomy in the management of infectious mononucleosis

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 989-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Stevenson ◽  
G. Webster ◽  
I. A. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Respiratory Obstruction ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽  
Emergency Tracheostomy ◽  
Life Threatening

AbstractLife-threatening upper airway obstruction can be caused by tonsillopharyngitis secondary to infectious mononucleosis (IM). The administration of corticosteroids, emergency tracheostomy and acute tonsillectomy have been advocated as ways of managing this problem. In a series of 25 patients admitted over a five-year period with IM, 15 were judged to have symptoms severe enough to warrant the administration of corticosteroids. Six of these 15 patients had little improvement in their condition and thus underwent acute tonsillectomy. There were no significant complications of this surgery. A further three patients who received corticosteroids required tonsillectomy for recurrent tonsillitis later in the study period. By contrast, only one of the ten patients who did not receive corticosteroids subsequently required tonsillectomy. Acute tonsillectomy is of value in selected cases of IM tonsillopharyngitis. It may decrease the morbidity of recurrent tonsillitis after IM, in addition to averting the immediate risk of respiratory obstruction.

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