scholarly journals A comparison of prevalence of unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwuemeka P. Ogbu ◽  
Christian F. Asuquo
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
State Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
Construction Contracts ◽  
Unethical Practices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
National Life ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
Gain Access

Nigeria has recently renewed efforts towards stamping out corruption in every area of its national life. Given that construction procurement is particularly prone to corrupt practices, this study investigated the prevalence of unethical tendering practices in the Nigerian public sector. In particular, a comparison to bare the similarities or differences in the prevalence of unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels is scarcely available in literature. This study’s objective was to determine and compare the prevalence of unethical tendering practices at the national and subnational levels in Nigeria. The data analysis was based on 120 acceptably filled questionnaires obtained from contractor, client and consultant organisations previously involved in public sector projects. The unethical tendering practices were analysed using prevalence indices and Mann–Whitney U tests. Findings include that the three most prevalent unethical tendering practices are contractor-based, namely: (1) competitors offer bribes to gain access to confidential tendering information (C1); (2) competitors overstate their capacity, experience and qualifications to secure construction contracts (C2); (3) the same owner(s) use different firms to tender for the same project (C3), in descending order of prevalence. No significant difference exists between unethical tendering practices in federal and state government projects. The findings of the study will help the Nigerian government and other stakeholders to better understand unethical practices at the tender stage of construction procurement in the public sector and to evolve better strategies for dealing with them. The study contributes to existing knowledge by separately identifying the prevalent unethical tendering practices in the Nigerian context and comparing unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels within a country

Research from China finds no significant difference in impact of public service motivation (PSM) in public and private sectors

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The authors assumed PSM would be higher in the public sector, but they set up a trial to find out if this was the case. Design/methodology/approach To test their theories, the authors conducted two independent surveys. The first consisted of 220 usable responses from public sector employees in Changsha, China. The second survey involved 260 usable responses from private sector employees taking an MBA course at a university in the Changsha district. A questionnaire was used to assess attitudes. Findings The results found no significant difference between the impact of public sector motivation (PSM) on employee performance across the public and private sectors. The data showed that PSM had a significant impact on self-reported employee performance, but the relationship did not differ much between sectors. Meanwhile, it was in the private sector that PSM had the greatest impact on intention to leave. Originality/value The authors said the research project was one of the first to test if the concept of PSM operated in the same way across sectors. It also contributed, they said, to the ongoing debate about PSM in China.

Models of Institutional Organization of Budgetary Control in Foreign Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Zhaklin M. SARKISYAN
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
State Government ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Judicial Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Control ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Budgetary Control ◽  
Institutional Organization

The article discusses some of the features, showing that experts distinguish the following models of institutional organization of budgetary control: parliamentary control, administrative control, judicial control. Parliamentary control in the field of Finance to produce to the Commission or parliamentary committees or audit bodies, for example, the chamber. Exercising budgetary control committees have certain features in different States as the order of the information and competence. Administrative and financial control in the public sectors the head of state, government and specialized bodies, in addition, ministries and agencies. Judicial financial control in the public sector carry out so-called judicial or quasi-judicial bodies, for example, the court of accounts in France, Italy, Spain etc.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ADOPTION OF INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING STANDARDS (IPSAS) IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR OF DELTA STATE

2015 ◽  
pp. 132-153
Author(s):  
Nzewi Nzewi ◽  
Enuenwemba Faith
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Accounting ◽  
Contrary View ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Nigerian Government

The study prompted by the inconsistent and contradictory findings from the previous studies; ranging from positive to negative, hence some authors are seeing it as a welcome development while others are having a contrary view to it. This study therefore, determined the effect of international public sector accounting standards (IPSAS) on Delta State ministry of finance with emphasis on accountability and, transparency among public officers in Delta State. Survey research design will be adopted. A sample of one hundred and eighty five (185) was drawn from a population of three hundred and forty three (343) staff from Delta State Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs). Data was obtained from questionnaire administered on the sample population. Data obtained was analyzed using five point likert’s scale and the formulated hypotheses were tested using regression analysis with aid of SPSS Version 20.0. From the analysis of the data the adoption of International public sector accounting standards leads to accountability and transparency among public officers in the ministry. Based on this, the study recommends that Nigerian government should provide the necessary requirements for full implementation and sustenance of IPSASs in the public sector if it is actually sincere and serious about tackling corruption in the country.

scholarly journals The Acoustic Effect of Urdu Phonological Rules on English Speech

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Mahwish Farooq ◽  
Asim Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
English Word ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
Acoustic Effect ◽  
The Public ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Speech Data ◽  
Phonological Rules

The paper is about the acoustic effect of Urdu phonological rules on Pakistani Urdu speakers' English speech. The objective of the study is to discuss the phenomenon of multiple pronunciations of an English word that has the same spellings, meaning, and part of speech but different pronunciations in the English speech of Urdu speakers. Sometimes these alternative pronunciations are considered mispronunciation rather than multiple pronunciations. The primary purpose of this study is to make a boundary-line between mispronunciations and multiple pronunciations of English vocabulary. Thus, an acoustic analysis of Urdu speakers' English speech has been done by collecting speech data of 30 Urdu speakers from the Public sector universities of Pakistan. Consequently, this paper caters to language-dependent variations of Urdu. This paper only deals with three phonological rules, i.e., segment alternation, ellipsis, epenthesis, which become the cause for re-syllabification of English words. These three foci of research have been selected because the data analysis has confirmed that the 'multiple pronunciation' is mainly occurred due to these three elements. These three categories cover several sub-categories that cover many instances in the data analysis. The data also confirms that phonological variations occur due to stress shifting in Urdu speakers' English speech in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Facilitating Corporate Entrepreneurship in Public Sector Higher Education Institutions: A Conceptual Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javed Nayyar Malik ◽  
Rosli Bin Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
State Government ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Public ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Impact

This paper develops a conceptual model of public sector corporate entrepreneurship for the state government higher education institutions. The proposed model is intended to depict the main antecedents that relate to corporate entrepreneurship within the public sector higher education institution  and the impact of corporate entrepreneurship on public sector HEI’s performance, as well as factors influencing its continuous performance.

scholarly journals Optimizing Bus Passenger Complaint Service through Big Data Analysis: Systematized Analysis for Improved Public Sector Management

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weng-Kun Liu ◽  
Chia-Chun Yen
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Big Data Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Demand Chain ◽  
Customer Complaint ◽  
The Government

With the advances in industry and commerce, passengers have become more accepting of environmental sustainability issues; thus, more people now choose to travel by bus. Government administration constitutes an important part of bus transportation services as the government gives the right-of-way to transportation companies allowing them to provide services. When these services are of poor quality, passengers may lodge complaints. The increase in consumer awareness and developments in wireless communication technologies have made it possible for passengers to easily and immediately submit complaints about transportation companies to government institutions, which has brought drastic changes to the supply-demand chain comprised of the public sector, transportation companies, and passengers. This study proposed the use of big data analysis technology including systematized case assignment and data visualization to improve management processes in the public sector and optimize customer complaint services. Taichung City, Taiwan was selected as the research area. There, the customer complaint management process in public sector was improved, effectively solving such issues as station-skipping, allowing the public sector to fully grasp the service level of transportation companies, improving the sustainability of bus operations, and supporting the sustainable development of the public sector-transportation company-passenger supply chain.

Institutional Entrepreneurship in Defence Acquisition

2017 ◽  
pp. 222-241
Author(s):  
Derek McAvoy
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Institutional Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Public ◽  
Gain Access

One of the most common arguments used to justify the outsourcing of defence activities is that the private sector is more innovative than the public sector. New Public Management has been widely promoted as the most effective means by which the public sector can engage with markets and gain access to the greater entrepreneurial capabilities offered by the private sector. However, a major obstacle to generating the improvements sought by having greater access to entrepreneurial businesses is bound up in the inherent tensions generated by divergent institutional logics. Government departments are motivated to move towards stasis while the entrepreneurial market spirit ideally embraces institutional change. This chapter examines the challenges faced by defence acquisition in changing these potentially opposing institutional logics before concluding with suggestions on how to progress an applied research agenda for defence acquisition in order to make better use of entrepreneurial capabilities.

EFFECTIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORKERS IN DELTASTATE, NIGERIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph U. AGBAMU ◽  
David O. EDONO
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
The Public ◽  
Agricultural Extension Service ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adoption Level

This study has assessed the effectiveness of agricultural extension workers through the use of six indicators. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 180 farmers and 60 extension workers from 12 Local Government Areas of Delta State. Interview schedule and questionnaire were used to collect data from respondents. On average, farmers have 7 – 12 contacts per year with agricultural extension workers. Age, extent of contact with extension workers, and education level make a significant contribution to farmers' perception on the quality of agricultural extension workers. This study found no significant relationship between adoption level and extent of contact with extension workers. Agricultural message situation is good in terms of purpose, content and treatment but the provision of logistics for field work of extension workers is not sufficient. The study reveals that agricultural extension service in Delta State is not effective. There is no significant difference in the agricultural extension workers' effectiveness in the three agricultural zones of Delta State. For a better coverage of extension cells, more extension workers should be recruited. The Delta State Government should exhibit renewed vigor in properly funding the public agricultural extension service to ensure improved effectiveness.

scholarly journals Efficacy of an oral health promotion program for infants in the public sector

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina de Lourdes Calvo Fracasso ◽  
Daniela Rios ◽  
Maria Gisette Arias Provenzano ◽  
Suzana Goya
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Oral Health Promotion ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infant Program

This study compared the caries index (dmft), presence of sucking habits and facial alterations in children attended by the preventive program for infants and children assisted by spontaneous demand, at the same age, at the public sector of Maringá, PR. A total of 100 children were evaluated (1-6 years), who were divided into 2 groups: GI - children attended by the infant program with educational and preventive care and bimonthly follow-up, since the 1st year of age; GII - children assisted for conventional treatment (preventive and restorative) according to the needs, and follow-up as requested by the parents. Data collection was performed by interview with the parents and clinical examination for evaluation of the dmft and facial alterations. Analysis of data (Mann-Whitney test for dmft comparison and chi-square test for all other comparisons) demonstrated a significant difference (p<0.05) in relation to the dmft index (GI: 0.2; GII: 3.0), percentage of caries-free children (GI: 88%; GII: 57%) and non-nutritive sucking habits (GI: 47%; GII: 75%). The breastfeeding and bottle utilization practices were similar for both groups. Facial alterations were more frequently observed (p<0.05) in GII (48%) than GI (8.4%), especially for the variables (p<0.05) high arched palate (GI: 10.2%; GII: 35.4%), anterior open bite (GI: 14.2%; GII: 35.4%) and mouth breathing (GI: 6.1%; GII: 29.1%). It was concluded that the infant program is more effective than the spontaneous demand program, reaching the goal of oral health maintenance in the child population.

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