Energy R & D Program Statement. Task 5 - Exploit Renewable Energy Resources. Program 4 - Geothermal Energy

10.4095/8418 ◽  
1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Jessop
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources

scholarly journals The Renewable Energy Cooperatives in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 601-613
Author(s):  
Ertugrul Guresci
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Day By Day

Objectives : The world is getting more polluted day by day and living conditions are getting harder and harder. The Covid 19 process explains this situation even better. Global warming will show its effect more heavily if measures are not taken. There is a close relationship between global warming and the type and method of energy used. The use of fossil fuels by people pollutes the environment too much, and the use of alternative energy sources is gaining importance instead. Here, the issue of use and management of renewable energy sources comes to the fore. Turkey is a country with rich renewable energy resources and experience in cooperatives. In this study, it is aimed to reveal the current situation and problems of renewable energy cooperatives, which can be a model for managing Turkey’s renewable energy resources.Methods : In the study, a literature review method was used by examining domestic and foreign resources related to renewable energy and renewable energy cooperatives. Some of the data obtained were arranged in tables and used in the study.Results and Discussion : It is very important for Turkey to develop renewable energy resources and increase the share of renewable energy resources among other resources. Because Turkey is a developing country and its population is increasing day by day. It is essential to use renewable energy for the energy need of the increasing population and the least environmental pollution. Within the scope of 2023 targets in Turkey, it is planned to produce 34 thousand MW of hydroelectric, 20 thousand MW of wind energy, solar energy, 5 thousand MW, 1,000 MW of geothermal energy and 1,000 MW of geothermal energy and biomass energy. In order to achieve this goal, it is planned to invest approximately 60 billion dollars in renewable energy sources. Cooperatives are one of the most effective ways in which Turkey can use its renewable energy resources. Because cooperative is a method known to the Turkish society and it would be beneficial to transfer it to the renewable energy field.Conclusion : Turkey is a developing country and its energy needs are increasing day by day. It is very important to use the renewable energy resources it has correctly and in a planned way. In this respect, it should be understood that renewable energy cooperatives are quite compatible with Turkey. Turkey should provide the necessary legal and administrative structure for the development of renewable energy cooperatives and develop it with financial support in order to make its increasing energy needs sustainable.

scholarly journals Regional Energy Integration for Sustainable Development in Eastern Africa: The Case for Geothermal Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Maria Nzomo ◽  
Zerubabel Getachew
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Energy Integration ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Regional Energy

Energy is a crucial factor in international relations and a critical input to achieve global economic growth and development. Provision of affordable, sustainable, and reliable energy is necessary and a prerequisite for any country’s economic growth and prosperity. The United Nations Agenda 2030, through its Seventh Sustainable Development Goal (SGD 7) and the African Union Agenda 2063 Aspiration 1recognise the centrality of access to energy towards realising the ambitions enlisted in these documents. The asymmetric distribution of natural resources and the political, strategic, financial, and technological challenges in utilising these resources hinder countries from availing affordable, sustainable, and reliable energy by using domestic sources alone. The inability to attain energy independence makes a compelling case for nations to increasingly integrate their energy supply chains to international and regional energy markets. As a result, ensuring access to affordable energy has become a core interest of regional foreign relations. Therefore, if geopolitics permits, energy cooperation and interdependence become the ultimate and sustainable path towards energy security. Africa has tremendous potential ranging from hydrocarbons to renewable energies. Nevertheless, it has failed to provide adequate energy for its social and economic needs mainly due to poor governance and related challenges. Africa has to utilise such humongous and diversified energy resources by embracing an optimal energy mix that contributes to regional economic development and energy integration. Eastern Africa, home to various renewable energy resources, is one of the energy-poor regions in Africa. The prevailing energy system in the sub-region is hydro-based and lacks reliability. The sub-region has tremendous renewable energy resources such as wind, solar, and geothermal. Still, their utilisation is negligible due to several challenges, including governance and lack of access to finance and technology. This paper argues that an integrated and regional approach to developing the energy sector in Eastern Africa can address the energy-related challenges and contribute towards regional integration in Eastern Africa. In particular, the development of geothermal energy, within the optimal energy mix in the sub-region, for both power generation and direct use application will play a crucial role in forging energy integration in Eastern Africa. In this regard, regional institutions such as power pools and regional economic communities are indispensable.   Received: 27 June 2021 / Accepted: 5 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Perspectives of Pakistan and Turkey: Current Analysis and Policy Recommendations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3349
Author(s):  
Riaz Uddin ◽  
Abdurrahman Javid Shaikh ◽  
Hashim Raza Khan ◽  
Muhammad Ayaz Shirazi ◽  
Athar Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Demands

To a great extent, Pakistan and Turkey rely on imported fossil fuels to meet their energy demands. Pakistan is moving in the right direction, placing focus on renewable energy resources in its current infrastructure in order to address the energy shortage. Several projects (e.g., wind power and solar PV (photovoltaic) technologies) are operational or under development; they are intended to reduce energy challenges in Pakistan. The new government in Pakistan aims to increase the share of renewable energy in total power generation to 30% by 2030. On the other hand, Turkey surpasses Pakistan in renewable energy resources; for example, there are 186 operational wind energy power plants across the country. In addition, Turkey utilizes solar energy—mainly for residential usage. Turkey’s Vision 2023 energy agenda aims to supply 30% of their power demands from modern renewable energy resources. Turkey has implemented solar PV, solar buildings, wind power plants, geothermal energy resources, and biomass technology for heating, cooling and electricity generation. At present, Turkey’s supply to meet energy demands in the country is 56% fossil fuel energy resources and 44% renewable energy, including hydropower. Accessible details reveal that geothermal energy resources have been continuously neglected in Pakistan by the Ministry of Energy (power division); this is in contrast to the Turkish case, in which utilization of geothermal energy resources for heating and cooling purposes is efficient. With all the facts and figures under consideration, in this paper, comparative analyses are performed which reveal that the production of electricity from geothermal energy technologies is lower than the massive potential in both countries. Recommendations are made for important policies to promote renewable energy technologies, which could effectively support energy decentralization by providing electricity to rural areas and the national grid.

scholarly journals The role of the legislative and regulatory branches in promoting the use of geothermal energy in Latvia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
I. Skapare ◽  
A. Kreslins ◽  
A. Cers
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Renewable Energy Law ◽  
The Right

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Latvia currently is self-sufficient in energy resources up to approximately 35<span class="thinspace"></span>%. Annual fossil energy prices rise and risks of security of energy supply promote the development legislation in the matter of renewable resources. One of the Latvian Ministry of Economics' recent products is a new draft law called the "Renewable Energy Law", which has been created due to one of the European Union and Latvian national energy policy objectives: to increase the share of renewable energy up to 40<span class="thinspace"></span>% by 2020 (Moore and Vanags, 2012). Currently, geothermal energy potential is assessed at 1 × 1013<span class="thinspace"></span>kWh; nevertheless, it is difficult for geothermal energy to compete with other renewable energy resources in the Latvian energy market. A great job has been done in recent years at the legislative branch to choose the right methods for supporting the use of renewable energy resources. This paper aims is analysis of current situation and assessment of Latvian legislation possibilities to promote the use of geothermal energy.</p>

The Simulation of Processes and Performances within Low Enthalpy Geothermal Power Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 1647-1653
Author(s):  
Crina Panea ◽  
Ioan Felea ◽  
Ioan Almăşan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
International Strategies ◽  
Short Presentation

On the perspective of constant development, a major objective of today’s international strategies – the exploitation of nonpolluting resources becomes a very important aspect. Geothermal energy represents one of the renewable energy resources. The exploitation of geothermal resources of low enthalpy with the aim of producing electric energy is a well extended direction of development. The paper is dedicated to the simulation of processes and performances within equipments which build up a GPP having as a destination the exploitation of low enthalpy geothermal deposits. After the short presentation of the actuality subject and the structure of GPP we pass on to the draft modules for the equipments from the GPP structure, with the aim of specific processes simulation. By using the programming medium Matlab/Simulink we apply the model for a GPP which will function according to pre-established conditions. The obtained result after simulation are verry good, and the most important parameter wich is followed is the efficiency of the plant. The results for this parameter is high for this type of power plants.

Research on the Development and Utilization of Geothermal Energy

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 467-471
Author(s):  
Yu Peng Zhang ◽  
Shu Zhong Wang ◽  
Qing Luo ◽  
Xiang Rong Luo ◽  
Ze Feng Jing
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Geothermal Water ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Stream Power ◽  
Geothermal Heating ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Development And Utilization

Faced with two problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution, people focus on the development of renewable energy resources. Geothermal energy is the most realistic and competitive one among the renewable energy resources. Besides its reserves is abundant. Geothermal energy is widely used in many fields. Geothermal power generation technologies are introduced and whether dry stream power generation method, ORC or KC method is elected depends on the temperature of geothermal water. Geothermal heating is the simplest, most economic and most effective utilization of low temperature geothermal energy. There are also various applications in industry for geothermal energy. Geothermal water is more and more popular in health care. In addition, geothermal energy is used in planting and breeding. Cascade utilization is the most promising way for geothermal energy because the energy efficiency is the highest. Two comprehensive utilization projects are discussed in this paper. Then ground source heat pump is introduced.

scholarly journals Prospects and Challenges of Geothermal Energy in Uganda

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Geoffrey S. Mutumba ◽  
Simon Echegu ◽  
Muyiwa S. Adaramola
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Incentive Programs

This paper explores geothermal energy use as a renewable energy option in Uganda. It is discussed in pursuit of sustainable development. Uganda has been undergoing fast economic growth particularly as demonstrated by its resilience against the effects of COVID-19, it must develop its renewable energy resources to match this growth. In this paper, we present the findings of an exploratory research to ascertain potential of geothermal energy for Uganda of 1500MW (3.6% of overall energy potential). The prospects and challenges of geothermal energy development are discussed. In concluding remarks good policies with strong political will, manpower training, financial support for research, and financial and subsidy incentive programs.

Renewable Energy Resources for Better Economics and Sustainable Living in Rural and Desert Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1165-1171
Author(s):  
Karl Gatterer ◽  
◽  
Salah Arafa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Sustainable Community Development ◽  
Access To Knowledge

Reliable and affordable energy is the key for the socio-economic development in rural and desert communities worldwide. While energy can be used for consumption purposes such as Lighting, Access to Information, Comfort and Entertainment, productive use of renewable energy is the key enabler for SMEs and Economy to grow. The paper examines the complex interactions among Energy, Materials, Water, Food, Building, Employment and Environment. It also discusses the implementation of renewable energy technologies to overcome some of barriers faced by rural villages and desert communities. It shows some of the special applications and approaches used over the past few decades in energy conversion, consumption and conservation to achieve poverty reduction, social justice and sustainable development. Field experiences in Basaisa projects, Egypt showed that open free dialogues with all stakeholders, site-specific education and training, appropriate local financing systems and access to knowledge are key-elements and essential factors for achieving green economy and sustainable community development. The coming decade will see a continued expansion of knowledge about renewable energy resources and its useful applications as systems friendly to the environment and as tools for economic activities, sustainable living and growth in rural and desert communities.

Management of Renewable Energy Resources in India

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Savitha C Savitha C ◽  
◽  
Dr. S. Mahendrakumar Dr. S. Mahendrakumar
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources

THE ANALYSIS OF OPERATION MODES OF ENERGY STORES IN AUTONOMOUS HYBRID POWER PLANTS WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
S. G. Obukhov ◽  
I. A. Plotnikov ◽  
V. G. Masolov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Energy Stores ◽  
Energy Store

The paper presents the results of the comparative analysis of operation modes of an autonomous hybrid power complex with/without the energy store. We offere the technique which defines the power characteristics of the main components of a hybrid power complex: the consumers of the electric power, wind power and photo-electric installations (the last ones have been constructed). The paper establishes that, in order to compensate the seasonal fluctuations of power in autonomous power systems with renewable energy resources, the accumulative devices are required, with a capacity of tens of MWh including devices that are capable to provide energy storage with duration about half a year. This allows abandoning the storage devices for smoothing the seasonal fluctuations in the energy balance.The analysis of operation modes of energy stores has shown that for a stock and delivery of energy on time intervals, lasting several hours, the accumulative devices with rather high values of charging and digit power aren't required. It allows using the lead-acid rechargeable batteries of the deep category for smoothing the daily peaks of surplus and a capacity shortage. Moreover, the analysis of operation modes of energy stores as a part of the hybrid complexes has demonstrated that in charging/digit currents of the energy store the low-frequency and high-frequency pulsations of big amplitude caused by changes of size of output power of the renewable power installations and loading are inevitable. If low-frequency pulsations (the period of tens of minutes) can partially be damped due to the restriction of size of the maximum charging current of rechargeable batteries, then it is essentially impossible to eliminate high-frequency pulsations (the period of tens of seconds) in the power systems with the only store of energy. The paper finds out that the combined energy store having characteristics of the accumulator in the modes of receiving and delivery of power on daily time intervals, and at the same time having properties of the supercondenser in the modes of reception and return of impulses of power on second intervals of time is best suited to requirements of the autonomous power complexes with renewable energy resources.

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