scholarly journals Aqueous geochemistry of the Englishman River Watershed, Parksville, British Columbia for use in assessment of potential surface water-groundwater interaction

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
S K Provencher ◽  
B Mayer ◽  
S E Grasby
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Potential Surface ◽  
Aqueous Geochemistry ◽  
River Watershed

scholarly journals Carcass orientation and drip time affect potential surface water carryover for broiler carcasses subjected to a post-chill water dip or spray

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.V. Bourassa ◽  
K.M. Wilson ◽  
L.N. Bartenfeld ◽  
C.E. Harris ◽  
A.K. Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Potential Surface

Phthalate esters in surface water of Songhua River watershed associated with land use types, Northeast China

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 7688-7698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhidan Wen ◽  
Xiaoli Huang ◽  
Dawen Gao ◽  
Ge Liu ◽  
Chong Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Songhua River ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Land Use Types

Analysis of the British Columbia Water Quality Index for Watershed Managers: a Case Study of Two Small Watersheds

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Zandbergen ◽  
Ken J. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Small Watersheds ◽  
Water Quality Objectives

Abstract The use of indices in ecosystem management is attractive because it allows for the representation of a complex set of information on ecosystem variables in a simple fashion. Recently the British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks developed the British Columbia Water Quality Index (BCWQI). As this index is currently being considered as the basis for other provincial indices and a national water quality index, the character of the BCWQI needs to be carefully considered. This study evaluates the performance of the BCWQI and assesses how useful and appropriate it is as a management tool at the watershed level. For this purpose the index is used to express the results of two sampling programs, one by the British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, and the other by the Westwater Research Centre, of two relatively small watersheds in the Greater Vancouver area: the Brunette River watershed, heavily impacted by urbanization, and the Salmon River watershed on the urban-rural fringe. For both watersheds the intended use is the protection of aquatic life and only those water quality objectives are considered. The results indicate that the BCWQI is extremely sensitive to sampling design and highly dependent on the specific application of water quality objectives. A comparison is made with another type of index in widespread use in North America: the National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI). This index appears promising for stream stewardship groups because of its simplicity and ease of use. For watershed managers, an alternative to the BCWQI is suggested, based on exceedance factors for individual objectives. This Simple Water Quality Index (SWQI) recognizes the importance of objectives that are specific to a particular water body, but overcomes some of the limitations of the BCWQI. A presentation format is suggested for objective exceedance factors, with a clear indication of exactly which objectives were included — without this, the final numerical index value is meaningless. This study suggests that the BCWQI in its current form has serious limitations for comparing water bodies and for establishing management priorities. If local watershed managers use the BCWQI in guiding efforts to protect aquatic resources, they should consider these limitations carefully.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Variations of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Surface Water and Groundwater of Mudong River Watershed in Huixian Karst Wetland, Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10740
Author(s):  
Linyan Pan ◽  
Junfeng Dai ◽  
Zhiqiang Wu ◽  
Liangliang Huang ◽  
Zupeng Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
River Watershed

When considering the factors affecting the spatial and temporal variation of nitrogen and phosphorus in karst watersheds, the unique karst hydrogeology as an internal influencing factor cannot be ignored, as well as natural factors such as meteorological hydrology and external factors such as human activities. A watershed-scale field investigation was completed to statistically analyze spatial and temporal dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus through the regular monitoring and collection of surface water and shallow groundwater in the agricultural-dominated Mudong River watershed in the Huixian Karst Wetland over one year (May 2020 to April 2021). Our research found that non-point source pollution of nitrogen (84.5% of 239 samples TN > 1.0 mg/L) was more serious than phosphorus (7.5% of 239 samples TP > 0.2 mg/L) in the study area, and shallow groundwater nitrogen pollution (98.3% of 118 samples TN > 1.0 mg/L) was more serious than surface water (68.6% of 121 samples TN > 1.0 mg/L). In the three regions with different hydrodynamic features, the TN concentration was higher and dominated by NO3−-N in the river in the northern recharge area, while the concentrations of TN and TP were the highest in shallow groundwater wells in the central wetland core area and increased along the surface water flow direction in the western discharge area. This research will help improve the knowledge about the influence of karst hydrodynamic features on the spatial patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus in water, paying attention to the quality protection and security of water in karst areas with a fragile water ecological environment.

De facto reuse and disinfection by-products in drinking water systems in the Shenandoah River watershed

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1699-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Weisman ◽  
Larry B. Barber ◽  
Jennifer L. Rapp ◽  
Celso M. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
De Facto Reuse ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
By Products ◽  
Surface Water Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Systems

The relationship between de facto reuse in the Shenandoah River watershed and DBPs in conventional surface water systems in that watershed was examined.

scholarly journals Assessment of Surface Water Resources in the Big Sunflower River Watershed Using Coupled SWAT–MODFLOW Model

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Gao ◽  
Gary Feng ◽  
Ming Han ◽  
Padmanava Dash ◽  
Johnie Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Supplementary Irrigation

The groundwater level in the Big Sunflower River Watershed (BSRW) in the U.S. has declined significantly in the past 30 years. Therefore, it is imperative to assess surface water resources (SWR) availability in BSRW to mitigate groundwater use for irrigation. This research applied the coupled Soil and Water Assessment Tool–Modular Groundwater Flow model (SWAT–MODFLOW) to assess SWR in BSRW. This study aimed at: (1) Assessing the reliability of SWAT–MODFLOW in BSRW, (2) analyzing temporal and spatial variations of SWR, and (3) assessing the potential availability of SWR in BSRW. Calibration and validation results showed that SWAT–MODFLOW can well simulate streamflow and groundwater levels in BSRW. Our results showed that BSRW had lower average monthly total stream resources (MSR = 8.8 × 107 m3) in growing seasons than in non-growing seasons (MSR = 11.0 × 107 m3), and monthly pond resources (MPR from 30,418 to 30,494 m3) varied less than stream resources. The proportion of sub-basins in BSRW with stream water resources greater than 700 mm was 21% in dry years (229 to 994 mm), while this increased to 35% in normal years (296 to 1141 mm) and 57% in wet years (554 to 991 mm). The Water Stress Index (WSI) ranged from 0.4 to 2.1, revealing that most of the sub-basins in BSRW have net SWR available for irrigation. Our results suggested that surface water resources might be supplementary irrigation sources to mitigate the water resources scarcity in this region.

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