Geological setting of Paleozoic strata in the Mount Todd - Adams Lake region, south-central British Columbia

In Canada, Lemmon's Holly Fern, Polystichum lemmonii, is restricted to the Baldy Mountain area on the eastern side of the Okanagan River valley in south-central British Columbia. This population represents the northern limits of the species which ranges south through northern Idaho, Washington and Oregon to northern California. In British Columbia, P. lemmonii is associated with ultramafic rocky ridges within a montane forest at an elevation of 1900 m. The population in the Baldy Mountain area is relatively small, unprotected and potentially imperilled by mining exploration, forest road construction or wildfires.

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Conservation Evaluation of the Pacific Population of Dwarf Woollyheads, Psilocarphus brevissimus var. brevissimus, in Canada

The Canadian Field-Naturalist ◽

10.22621/cfn.v120i2.281 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 120 (2) ◽

pp. 163

Author(s):

George W. Douglas ◽

Jenifer L. Penny ◽

Ksenia Barton

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Coalbed Methane ◽

Groundwater Levels ◽

Gas Drilling ◽

Pacific Population ◽

South Central ◽

The Pacific ◽

Recreational Vehicles ◽

Forest Openings ◽

Conservation Evaluation

In Canada, Dwarf Woolly-heads, Psilocarphus brevissimus var. brevissimus, is restricted to the Similkameen River valley, south of Princeton in southwestern British Columbia and the extreme southeast and southwest corners of Alberta and Saskatchewan, respectively. This paper deals with the three British Columbia populations which represent the northwestern limit of the species which ranges from south-central British Columbia, southward in the western United States to Montana, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming, California and Baja California, Mexico. In British Columbia, P. brevissimus is associated with calcareous vernal pools and ephemeral pond edges in large forest openings. This habitat is rare in the area the few existing populations could easily be extirpated or degraded through slight changes in groundwater levels, coalbed methane gas drilling, housing development or recreational vehicles.

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Trap response of cutworm moths (Abagrotis orbis) to a sex-attractant lure in grape vineyards

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/n09-063 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 142 (2) ◽

pp. 135-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Peter J. Landolt ◽

D. Thomas Lowery ◽

Lawrence C. Wright ◽

Constance Smithhisler ◽

Christelle Gúedot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Sex Attractant ◽

Early Spring ◽

South Central ◽

Tetradecenyl Acetate ◽

Feltia Jaculifera ◽

Multiple Field ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractLarvae of Abagrotis orbis (Grote) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are climbing cutworms and can damage grapevines, Vitis vinifera L. (Vitaceae), in early spring by consuming expanding buds. A sex attractant would be useful for monitoring this insect in commercial vineyards. (Z)-7-Tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate were found in extracts of female abdominal tips. In multiple field experiments, male A. orbis were captured in traps baited with a combination of these two chemicals but not in traps baited with either chemical alone. Males were trapped from mid-September to early October in south-central Washington and south-central British Columbia. Other noctuid moths (Mamestra configurata Walker, Xestia c-nigrum (L.), and Feltia jaculifera (Guenée)) were also captured in traps baited with the A. orbis pheromone and may complicate the use of this lure to monitor A. orbis. Abagrotis discoidalis (Grote) was captured in traps baited with (Z)-7-tetradecenyl acetate but not in traps baited with the two chemicals together.

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Identifying and Characterizing Important Trembling Aspen Competitors with Juvenile Lodgepole Pine in Three South-Central British Columbia Ecosystems

International Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1155/2012/573640 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Teresa A. Newsome ◽

Jean L. Heineman ◽

Amanda F. Linnell Nemec

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Lodgepole Pine ◽

Geographic Range ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Relative Height ◽

Trembling Aspen ◽

Ecosystem Productivity ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Critical Height ◽

South Central

Critical height ratios for predicting competition between trembling aspen and lodgepole pine were identified in six juvenile stands in three south-central British Columbia ecosystems. We used a series of regression analyses predicting pine stem diameter from the density of neighbouring aspen in successively shorter relative height classes to identify the aspen-pine height ratio that maximizedR2. Critical height ratios varied widely among sites when stands were 8–12 years old but, by age 14–19, had converged at 1.25–1.5. MaximumR2values at age 14–19 ranged from 13.4% to 69.8%, demonstrating that the importance of aspen competition varied widely across a relatively small geographic range. Logistic regression also indicated that the risk of poor pine vigour in the presence of aspen varied between sites. Generally, the degree of competition, risk to pine vigour, and size of individual aspen contributing to the models declined along a gradient of decreasing ecosystem productivity.

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Shackanite and related analcite-bearing lavas in British Columbia

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1139/e78-172 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 1669-1672 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B.N. Church

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Great Depth ◽

Bulk Rock ◽

Rock Composition ◽

Bulk Rock Composition ◽

South Central ◽

Early Tertiary ◽

Broad Field ◽

New Localities

New localities of shackanite and related analcite-bearing lavas have been discovered in a broad field of early Tertiary phonolite and mafic phonolite in south-central British Columbia. The development of primary and secondary analcite in these rocks is probably the result of cooling lava during and shortly after extrusion.The possibility of leucite to analcite transformation in Daly's shackanite is unlikely because of lack of petrographic evidence and a preponderance of Na2O over K2O in bulk rock composition. It is also unlikely that analcite, and particularly groundmass analcite, crystallized at great depth and was transported to surface during eruption.

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Paleomagnetism of the Triassic Nikolai Greenstone, McCarthy Quadrangle, Alaska

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1139/e77-223 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 2578-2592 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

J. W. Hillhouse

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

High Temperature ◽

North America ◽

Vertical Axis ◽

Upper Triassic ◽

Present Position ◽

Stable Component ◽

South Central ◽

Early Mesozoic ◽

Lamellar Texture

Paleomagnetic evidence indicates that the extensive early Mesozoic basalt field near McCarthy, south-central Alaska, originated far south of its present position relative to North America. Results obtained from the Middle and (or) Upper Triassic Nikolai Greenstone suggest that those basalts originated within 15° of the paleoequator. This position is at least 27° (3000 km) south of the Upper Triassic latitude predicted for McCarthy on the basis of paleomagnetic data from continental North America. The Nikolai pole, as determined from 50 flows sampled at 5 sites, is at 2.2° N, 146.1° E (α95 = 4.8°). The polarity of the pole is ambiguous, because the corresponding magnetic direction has a low inclination and a westerly declination. Therefore, the Nikolai may have originated near 15° N latitude or, alternatively, as far south as 15° S latitude. In addition to being displaced northward, the Nikolai block has been rotated roughly 90° about the vertical axis. A measure of the reliability of this pole is provided by favorable results from the following tests: (1) Within one stratigraphic section, normal and reversed directions from consecutive flows are antipolar. (2) Consistent directions were obtained from sites 30 km apart. (3) Application of the fold test indicated the magnetization was acquired before the rocks were folded. (4) The magnetizations of several pilot specimens are thermally stable up to 550 °C. The stable component is probably carried by magnetite with lamellar texture, a primary feature commonly acquired by a basalt at high temperature during initial cooling of the magma. Geologic and paleomagnetic evidence indicates that the Nikolai is allochthonous to Alaska and that, together with associated formations in southern Alaska and British Columbia, it is part of a now disrupted equatorial terrane.

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Petrology of ultramafic xenoliths from Rayfield River, south-central British Columbia

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1139/e87-161 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1679-1687 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Dante Canil ◽

Mark Brearley ◽

Christopher M. Scarfe

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Phase Equilibrium ◽

Partial Melting ◽

Upper Mantle ◽

Mantle Xenoliths ◽

Spinel Lherzolite ◽

Equilibrium Constraints ◽

Host Magma ◽

South Central ◽

Ultramafic Xenoliths

One hundred mantle xenoliths were collected from a hawaiite flow of Miocene–Pliocene age near Rayfield River, south-central British Columbia. The massive host hawaiite contains subrounded xenoliths that range in size from 1 to 10 cm and show protogranular textures. Both Cr-diopside-bearing and Al-augite-bearing xenoliths are represented. The Cr-diopside-bearing xenolith suite consists of spinel lherzolite (64%), dunite (12%), websterite (12%), harzburgite (9%), and olivine websterite (3%). Banding and veining on a centimetre scale are present in four xenoliths. Partial melting at the grain boundaries of clinopyroxene is common and may be due to natural partial melting in the upper mantle, heating by the host magma during transport, or decompression during ascent.Microprobe analyses of the constituent minerals show that most of the xenoliths are well equilibrated. Olivine is Fo89 to Fo92, orthopyroxene is En90, and Cr diopside is Wo47En48Fs5. More Fe-rich pyroxene compositions are present in some of the websterite xenoliths. The Mg/(Mg + Fe2+) and Cr/(Cr + Al + Fe3+) ratios in spinel are uniform in individual xenoliths, but they vary from xenolith to xenolith. Equilibration temperatures for the xenoliths are 860–980 °C using the Wells geothermometer. The depth of equilibration estimated for the xenoliths using geophysical and phase equilibrium constraints is 30–40 km.

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Precontact Native Copper Innovation in British Columbia

Canadian Journal of Archaeology ◽

10.51270/44.2.185 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 185-122

Author(s):

H. Kory Cooper ◽

Garett Hunt ◽

Nicholas Waber ◽

Carey Gray

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Additional Research ◽

Northwest Coast ◽

Native Copper ◽

Behavioral Archaeology ◽

South Central ◽

Wide Perspective ◽

Final Verdict ◽

Human Burials ◽

And Diffusion

Copper has figured prominently in discussions of social complexity among Northwest Coast Cultures. Coppers, shield-like sheets of copper variable in size, were a form of lineage wealth displayed, gifted, or ritually destroyed at potlatches; and copper artifacts have been recovered from human burials. The former use of copper is well-documented ethnographically and historically while the latter phenomenon is less well understood. This paper provides an overview of the occurrence of copper in precontact archaeological contexts in British Columbia using published and unpublished literature. Our investigation is framed within a Behavioral Archaeology approach that elicits ideas on copper innovation and all that it entailed. We find that copper is rare in precontact contexts from a province-wide perspective; there was likely more than one instance of native copper innovation; and contrary to previous suggestions, the copper-rich Dene region of south-central Alaska and southwestern Yukon cannot account for most of the precontact examples of copper use in the province. We offer some hypotheses to explain the precontact distribution of copper in BC, including both local invention and diffusion, not in an attempt to deliver the final verdict on this topic, but rather, to stimulate additional research.

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