scholarly journals Coastal erosion and nearshore profile variability in the southern Beaufort Sea, Ivvavik National Park, Yukon Territory

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
National Park ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
Yukon Territory

scholarly journals Rapid retreat of permafrost coastline observed with aerial drone photogrammetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1513-1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Cunliffe ◽  
George Tanski ◽  
Boris Radosavljevic ◽  
William F. Palmer ◽  
Torsten Sachs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Shoreline Change ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Short Term

Abstract. Permafrost landscapes are changing around the Arctic in response to climate warming, with coastal erosion being one of the most prominent and hazardous features. Using drone platforms, satellite images, and historic aerial photographs, we observed the rapid retreat of a permafrost coastline on Qikiqtaruk – Herschel Island, Yukon Territory, in the Canadian Beaufort Sea. This coastline is adjacent to a gravel spit accommodating several culturally significant sites and is the logistical base for the Qikiqtaruk – Herschel Island Territorial Park operations. In this study we sought to (i) assess short-term coastal erosion dynamics over fine temporal resolution, (ii) evaluate short-term shoreline change in the context of long-term observations, and (iii) demonstrate the potential of low-cost lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles (“drones”) to inform coastline studies and management decisions. We resurveyed a 500 m permafrost coastal reach at high temporal frequency (seven surveys over 40 d in 2017). Intra-seasonal shoreline changes were related to meteorological and oceanographic variables to understand controls on intra-seasonal erosion patterns. To put our short-term observations into historical context, we combined our analysis of shoreline positions in 2016 and 2017 with historical observations from 1952, 1970, 2000, and 2011. In just the summer of 2017, we observed coastal retreat of 14.5 m, more than 6 times faster than the long-term average rate of 2.2±0.1 m a−1 (1952–2017). Coastline retreat rates exceeded 1.0±0.1 m d−1 over a single 4 d period. Over 40 d, we estimated removal of ca. 0.96 m3 m−1 d−1. These findings highlight the episodic nature of shoreline change and the important role of storm events, which are poorly understood along permafrost coastlines. We found drone surveys combined with image-based modelling yield fine spatial resolution and accurately geolocated observations that are highly suitable to observe intra-seasonal erosion dynamics in rapidly changing Arctic landscapes.

National Parks and Native Peoples in Northern Canada, Alaska, and Northern Australia

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Gardner ◽  
J. G. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Native People ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Native Peoples ◽  
Northern Canada

At the very general level, the aim of this paper is to compare the interaction of national parks and native peoples in Northern Canada (Yukon Territory), Alaska, and the Northern Territory of Australia. Currently these areas are subject to increasing land-use pressures from mining, industrial development, the creation of national parks and related reserves, and native attempts to maintain traditional wildlife and renewable resource use. The study focuses on the interactions between national parks and native peoples on the premise that experiences can be compared and problems encountered in one area but possibly avoided in another.The study begins by briefly describing native land-use issues, land-rights arrangements, and organizations, in the Yukon Territory, central Alaska, and Northern Australia. The national park agencies are described, compared, and shown to differ considerably in institutional character, field of management, control of land, and external links with interest groups such as native peoples. Case-studies of the national parks etc. named Kluane (Yukon), Gates of the Arctic (Alaska), and Kakadu (Northern Territory of Australia), are presented to provide more details on similarities and differences in planning, types of tenure, native subsistence activities, and other factors.In the Yukon Territory, neither the national parks agency nor the native people are highly motivated to interact. In contrast, the park agencies and native people in Alaska and the Northern Territory of Australia recognize mutual benefits from interaction—largely as a result of legislation and policies which encourage cooperation. Native involvement officers now facilitate coordination in the Yukon and Alaska. Park agency native employment programmes are proceeding in all three ‘hinterlands’, while native people can own land on which national parks are established in Alaska and the Australian Northern Territory. Only in Australia are native people known to be directly involved in upperlevel national park management. Potential limitations on native subsistence and associated use of national parks range from moderate to severe, and are only defined clearly in Alaska. Lack of definition leads to confusion in deciding upon native use, while exceedingly precise definition precludes flexibility at the park level.A number of aids to a more mutually satisfactory interaction can be identified. One is motivation, or recognition by both parties that there are advantages to consultation and cooperation. Another, not yet achieved in the Yukon, is a land-claims settlement, stating the legislated rights of native peoples in the ‘hinterlands’ and giving them a land-holding and bargaining status which is comparable with that of government agencies. A third aid is comprehensive systematic and regional planning efforts involving opportunities for informed input from all affected parties. Such planning would provide a forum for consideration of a variety of interests, including national parks and native peoples. Finally, satisfactory interaction on the park site could be assisted by clear yet flexible means of deciding upon acceptable native use of parkland, the conservation of wildlife, and associated economic and cultural factors.

scholarly journals Geochemistry of Coastal Permafrost and Erosion-Driven Organic Matter Fluxes to the Beaufort Sea Near Drew Point, Alaska

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily M. Bristol ◽  
Craig T. Connolly ◽  
Thomas D. Lorenson ◽  
Bruce M. Richmond ◽  
Anastasia G. Ilgen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Kuparuk River

Accelerating erosion of the Alaska Beaufort Sea coast is increasing inputs of organic matter from land to the Arctic Ocean, and improved estimates of organic matter stocks in eroding coastal permafrost are needed to assess their mobilization rates under contemporary conditions. We collected three permafrost cores (4.5–7.5 m long) along a geomorphic gradient near Drew Point, Alaska, where recent erosion rates average 17.2 m year−1. Down-core patterns indicate that organic-rich soils and lacustrine sediments (12–45% total organic carbon; TOC) in the active layer and upper permafrost accumulated during the Holocene. Deeper permafrost (below 3 m elevation) mainly consists of Late Pleistocene marine sediments with lower organic matter content (∼1% TOC), lower C:N ratios, and higher δ13C values. Radiocarbon-based estimates of organic carbon accumulation rates were 11.3 ± 3.6 g TOC m−2 year−1 during the Holocene and 0.5 ± 0.1 g TOC m−2 year−1 during the Late Pleistocene (12–38 kyr BP). Within relict marine sediments, porewater salinities increased with depth. Elevated salinity near sea level (∼20–37 in thawed samples) inhibited freezing despite year-round temperatures below 0°C. We used organic matter stock estimates from the cores in combination with remote sensing time-series data to estimate carbon fluxes for a 9 km stretch of coastline near Drew Point. Erosional fluxes of TOC averaged 1,369 kg C m−1 year−1 during the 21st century (2002–2018), nearly doubling the average flux of the previous half-century (1955–2002). Our estimate of the 21st century erosional TOC flux year−1 from this 9 km coastline (12,318 metric tons C year−1) is similar to the annual TOC flux from the Kuparuk River, which drains a 8,107 km2 area east of Drew Point and ranks as the third largest river on the North Slope of Alaska. Total nitrogen fluxes via coastal erosion at Drew Point were also quantified, and were similar to those from the Kuparuk River. This study emphasizes that coastal erosion represents a significant pathway for carbon and nitrogen trapped in permafrost to enter modern biogeochemical cycles, where it may fuel food webs and greenhouse gas emissions in the marine environment.

scholarly journals New Records of Vascular Plants in the Yukon Territory VI

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 558 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Cody ◽  
Catherine E. Kennedy ◽  
Bruce Bennett ◽  
Phil Caswell
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
National Park ◽  
New Records ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Armoracia Rusticana ◽  
Field Reconnaissance

Based on field reconnaissance mainly in 2002 in the southern part of the Yukon and particularly in and adjacent to Kluane National Park, information is provided on geographically significant plant occurrences. Six native taxa, Atriplex alaskensis, Claytonia megarrhiza, Corispermum ochotense var. alaskanum, Oxytropis arctica, Polemonium acutiflorum forma lacteum and Polemonium boreale forma albiflorum, and four introduced taxa. Arabis caucasica, Camelina sativa, Senecio eremophilus, and Setaria viridis are reported new to the known flora of the Yukon Territory. Significant range extensions for 158 native and 21 introduced taxa are included. Parrya arctica, Armoracia rusticana, Atriplex patula and Papaver nudicaule ssp. nudicaule are excluded from the Yukon flora.

Recent mollusc distribution patterns and palaeobathymetry, southeastern Beaufort Sea

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2013-2028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances J. E. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Depth Ranges ◽  
Offshore Transport ◽  
Shallow Water Species

Molluscs were obtained from 515 of the 657 grab samples collected 1970–1972 inclusive from southeastern Beaufort Sea, from 29 of the 46 cores taken in the area, and from raised marine deposits at Kay Point and on Herschel Island, Yukon Territory. One hundred and one species have been identified. Water depth was apparently the major factor controlling species distribution. Holocene sea levels, determined by comparing core faunas with the established depth ranges for living specimens, are considered to be reasonably accurate for near-shore sites, but yield excessively shallow water depth figures for deep stations (outer shelf and slope). The anomalous results are probably related to offshore transport of shallow water species.

scholarly journals Coastal erosion and mass wasting along the Canadian Beaufort Sea based on annual airborne LiDAR elevation data

Geomorphology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 331-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Obu ◽  
Hugues Lantuit ◽  
Guido Grosse ◽  
Frank Günther ◽  
Torsten Sachs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Mass Wasting ◽  
Elevation Data
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