scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B, HEPATITIS C AND HIV IN MULTIPLY TRANSFUSED SICKLE CELL DISEASE PATIENTS FROM OMAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e2019058
Author(s):  
Anil Pathare ◽  
Salam Alkindi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: In Oman, the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) infection is 5.8% with 2.8–7.1% HBV carriers. Hepatitis C (HCV) prevalence amongst Omanis is 0.41%. A total of 2917 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections were notified amongst Omanis by 2017. This study was performed as there was no data on the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients from Oman.   Study Design and Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, medical records of all SCD patients who attended our hospital between 2011 to 2017 were retrieved from the hospital information system. Following approval by the local medical research and ethics committee, data on HIV, HBV and HCV exposure were recorded to estimate the prevalence.   Results: Amongst a total of 1000 SCD patients (491 males and 509 females), twenty-three (2.3%) patients showed positive serology for hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg), of whom sixteen (1.6%) were HBV DNA positive.  126 (12.6%) had anti-HCV antibodies (anti-HCV), of whom fifty-two (5.2%) were HCV RNA positive. None of the patients had positive serology for HIV. A normal liver was observed on abdominal ultrasound in 788 (78.8%) patients, whereas, 208 (20.8%) had hepatomegaly and 4 (0.4%) had liver cirrhosis. Thirty-six (3.6%) patients died, but in only two patients, the mortality was due to cirrhosis of the liver.   Conclusion: This study provides the first comprehensive data on the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among Omani SCD patients exposed to blood transfusions. Reassuringly, no case with HIV was observed.   Keywords: Prevalence; Hepatitis; HBV; HCV; HIV; infection  

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Hepatitis C Antibodies in Sickle Cell Disease Children under Sixteen in Two University Hospitals of Lome

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
S. Dossim ◽  
Koffi Mawusse Guedenon ◽  
A. Chick ◽  
K. Tanga ◽  
M. Kolou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
University Hospitals

Introduction: Sickle cell disease causes chronic anemia with the need for transfusions. The risk in children to get transfusions transmitted infections is high. Aims: Determine the prevalence of HBsAg and HCV antibodies in sickle cell disease children under sixteen in Lome (Togo). Study Design: It is a cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Haematology Unit of Campus University Hospital and Paediatric Unit of Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital of Lomé collected between February to May 2016. Sample processing: Campus Hospital Laboratory. Methodology: We collected blood in sickle cell disease patients in Campus and Sylvanus Olympio university hospitals at Lomé and informations about sickle cell type, transfusion, and hepatitis B vaccination. Sera were tested with Cobas e411 Roche® in the determining of hepatitis B surface antigen (HbSAg) and hepatitis C antibodies (HCVAb). Epi Info was used for statiscal analysis ®. Significant associations were found when P<0.05. Results: Total of 172 patients from Campus Hospital and 79 from Sylvanus Olympio were included. Sex ratio and SS phenotype were 0.93, 69.8% and 1.32, 64.5% respectively. HBsAg was detected in 1.7% from Campus and 7.6% in Sylvanus Olympio.  One patient from Campus carried HCVAb. Significant association between hepatitis B and sex (P=0.02) and hepatitis B and vaccination were found (P= 0.0003). Males were more infected and patients who were unvaccinated carried HBsAg. Conclusion: Vaccination against viral hepatitis and best blood donation screening are necessary to avoid these viral diseases in sickle cell disease children.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV in Sickle Cell Disease Patients from Oman

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 4916-4916
Author(s):  
Salam Alkindi ◽  
Nada AL-Umairi ◽  
Anil Pathare
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Hcv Prevalence ◽  
Genotype 2

Abstract Background and Purpose: Oman is a country with an intermediate prevalence of Hepatitis B (HBV) carriers (2.8-7.1%, 20101), while the prevalence of HBV infection was 5.8% (20142). Hepatitis C (HCV) prevalence reported from Oman was 0.41% (20163). Further, a total of 2394 Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) infections were identified among Omanis (20134). Unfortunately, there are no studies on the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients from Oman. Objectives: This study was therefore performed to estimate the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV among SCD patients from Oman. Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional cohort study, medical records of all patients with SCD and sickle cell trait (SCT) patients who received blood transfusions between 2006 to 2017 were retrieved from the hospital information system. Specifically, data on HIV, HBV and HCV exposure were recorded to study the prevalence, following approval for the study from the hospital medical research and ethics committee. Results: Amongst a total of 1000 patient (491 males and 509 females), 126 (12.6%) had anti-HCV antibodies (anti-HCV) based on serology and amongst these 52(5.2%) were PCR positive. Genotype 1 was the most predominant (n=36), followed by genotype 3& 4(n=7 each) followed by genotype 2(n=2). 23 (2.3%) SCD patients showed positive serology for hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) and amongst these 16 (1.6%) were PCR positive. None of the SCD patients showed positive serology for HIV. Liver Ultrasound was normal in 788 patients (78.8%), whereas, 208(20.8%) had hepatomegaly and 4(0.4%)had liver cirrhosis. Further, only 2 patients amongst the 36 patients who had died had a hepatic cause. Conclusion: This study provides comprehensive data on the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection among SCD patients and raises concerns regarding the HCV prevalence in these patients with its impact on chronic liver disease. Reassuringly, no case with HIV was observed. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS C AMONG EGYPTIAN CHILDREN WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND THE ROLE OF IL28B GENE POLYMORPHISMS IN SPONTANEOUS VIRAL CLEARANCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2016007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaia Mohammed Mousa ◽  
Mona Kamal El-Ghamrawy ◽  
Mona Kamal El-Ghamrawy ◽  
Heba Gouda ◽  
Heba Gouda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Spontaneous Clearance ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Persistent Viremia ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
Hcv Antibody

Background and objectives: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major health problem in Egypt with its prevalence estimated to be 14.7% among general population in 2008. Patients receiving frequent blood transfusions like sickle cell disease (SCD) are more exposed to the risk of acquiring HCV. IL28B gene polymorphisms have been associated with spontaneous HCV clearance. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HCV infection among children with SCD and to study the relation between IL28B gene polymorphisms and spontaneous HCV clearance.Methods: Seventy SCD patients were screened for HCV antibody. HCV positive patients were tested for the level of HCV RNA using quantitative real time PCR. IL28B polymorphisms (rs 12979860 SNP and rs 12980275 SNP) were detected using Taqman QRT-PCR and sequence specific primers PCR respectively. Results: Sixteen patients (23%) were HCV antibody positive, 9 of them (56.3%) had undetectable HCV RNA in serum and 7 (43.7%) had persistent viremia. Genotypes CC/CT/TT of rs12979860 were found in 30 (42.9%), 29 (41.4%) and 11 (15.7%) and rs12980275 AA/AG/GG were found in 8 (11.4%), 59 (84.3%) and 3 (4.3%).  There was no significant difference in the frequency of IL28B (rs 12979860 and rs12980275) genotypes among HCV patients who cleared the virus and those with persistent viremia (p=0.308 and 0.724 respectively). Conclusion: Egyptian SCD patients have high prevalence of HCV. Muti-transfused patients still exposed to a risk of transmission of HCV. IL28B gene polymorphisms are not associated with spontaneous clearance of HCV in this cohort of Egyptian children with SCD.

scholarly journals The prevalence of human immunodeficiency and of hepatitis B viral infections is not increased in patients with sickle cell disease in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Shayo ◽  
Irene Makundi ◽  
Lucio Luzzatto
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Tanzania ranks as the fourth country in the world with respect to the number of sickle cell disease (SCD) births; it is also endemic to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the hepatitis B virus (HBV). This study was done to determine the prevalence of HIV and HBV infections among SCD patients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods A multicenter hospital-based descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among participants aged ≥ 16 years with a proven diagnosis of SCD. Socio-demographic and clinical data were recorded. Blood samples were drawn for HIV and HBV diagnosis. All categorical variables were summarized into frequencies. Results There were 185/325 (56.9 %) females. The mean age (SD) was 23.0 ± 7.5 years. The prevalence of HIV was 1.8 %; the prevalence of HBV was 1.2 %. Conclusions The prevalence of both HIV and HBV in SCD patients is no greater than in the general population of Dar es Salaam or Tanzania. For associations, a large study would be needed. From a detailed blood transfusion history of SCD patients we found no evidence that HIV or HBV infection was transmitted through blood transfusion.

scholarly journals Human Immunodeficiency and Hepatitis B Viral Infections Among Patients With Sickle Cell Disease in Dar Es Salaam City, Tanzania: A Descriptive Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace A. Shayo ◽  
Irene Makundi ◽  
Lucio Luzzatto
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Tanzania is not only the fourth in the world with the highest number of sickle cell disease (SCD) births but also endemic to Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. This study was done to determine the prevalence of HIV and HBV infections and their associated factors among SCD patients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Methods: A multicenter hospital-based descriptive cross sectional study was done among participants aged ≥16 years. Participants’ socio-demographic and clinical data were recorded. Blood samples were drawn for HIV and HBV diagnosis. Categorical variables were summarized into frequencies and compared using Fisher’s exact test while continuous variables were summarized into mean and standard deviation. Logistic regression was done to ascertain predictors of HIV infection. P values <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: There were 185/325 (56.7%) females. Mean (SD) age and hemoglobin were 23.04 ± 7.45 years and 7.4 (± 1.58)g/dl respectively. The prevalence of HIV and HBV were 1.8% and 1.2% respectively. None of the risk factors was associated with HIV. No associations were calculated for HBV owing to small numbers. Conclusions: Prevalence of HIV and that of HBV infection are much lower in SCD patients in Dar es Salaam than the national prevalence of the two infections in the general population. The findings could not associate any risk factor with HIV infection. A nationwide similar study should be conducted to obtain enough numbers for characterization of the two infections in these patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Viremic hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and HIV infection, and vaccination status among prisoners in Stockholm County

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Gahrton ◽  
Gabriel Westman ◽  
Karin Lindahl ◽  
Fredrik Öhrn ◽  
Olav Dalgard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Stockholm County ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbv Vaccine ◽  
Hbv Vaccination

Abstract Background Identification and knowledge of settings with high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is important when aiming for elimination of HCV. The primary aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of viremic HCV infection among Swedish prisoners. Secondary aims were to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the proportion who have received hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. Methods A cross-sectional study of all incarcerated persons (n = 667) at all prisons (n = 9) in Stockholm County was conducted. All prisoners are routinely offered opt-in screening for HCV antibodies (anti-HCV), HCV RNA, HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc and HIV Ag/Ab at prison in Sweden. Data on the results of these tests and the number of received HBV vaccine doses were collected from the prison medical records. The parameters of HCV RNA, anti-HCV, and occurrence of testing for HCV were analysed in multiple logistic regression models in relation to age, sex and prison security class. Results The median age was 35 (IQR 26–44) years, and 93.4% were men. Seventy-one percent (n = 471) had been tested for anti-HCV, 70% (n = 465) for HBsAg and 71% (n = 471) for HIV. The prevalence of anti-HCV, HCV RNA, HBsAg and HIV Ag/Ab was 17.0, 11.5, 1.9, and 0.2%, respectively among tested persons. The proportion of prisoners who had received full HBV vaccination was 40.6% (n = 271) among all study subjects. Conclusions The prevalence of viremic HCV infection among Swedish prisoners in Stockholm County was 11.5%, which is high in comparison to the general population. Therefore, when aiming for the WHO goal of HCV elimination, prisons could suit as a platform for identification and treatment of HCV infection. There is a need to increase testing for blood-borne viruses and to improve vaccination coverage against HBV in Swedish prisons.

The prevalence of hepatitis B and C co-infections among people with HIV-1 in Bulgaria: 2010–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 791-798
Author(s):  
Ivailo Alexiev ◽  
Elitsa Golkocheva-Markova ◽  
Asya Kostadinova ◽  
Reneta Dimitrova ◽  
Lora Nikolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Multiple Risk Behavior ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hiv Aids

Aim: To evaluate hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among individuals with HIV/AIDS in Bulgaria diagnosed between 2010 and 2015. Materials & methods: A total of 1158 individuals were diagnosed with HIV/AIDS during the study period. Different transmission groups were tested with ELISA and real-time PCR for HBV and HCV markers. Results: Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus antiboby were found in 9.3 and 23.2% of the tested. HBV DNA and HCV RNA has been found in 47.4 and 69.6%. Hepatitis B and C co-infections were predominant in multiple risk behavior groups, including people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, prisoners and Roma individuals. Conclusion: HIV prevalence in Bulgaria is low but the rates of hepatitis B and C co-infections among these patients fall within the upper range reported in Europe.

scholarly journals Normal Non-HDL Cholesterol, Low Total Cholesterol, and HDL Cholesterol Levels in Sickle Cell Disease Patients in the Steady State: A Case-Control Study of Tema Metropolis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard K. D. Ephraim ◽  
Patrick Adu ◽  
Edem Ake ◽  
Hope Agbodzakey ◽  
Prince Adoba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background.Abnormal lipid homeostasis in sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by defects in plasma and erythrocyte lipids and may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study assessed the lipid profile and non-HDL cholesterol level of SCD patients.Methods.A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 50 SCD patients, in the steady state, aged 8–28 years, attending the SCD clinic, and 50 healthy volunteers between the ages of 8–38 years. Serum lipids were determined by enzymatic methods and non-HDL cholesterol calculated by this formula: non-HDL-C = TC-HDL-C.Results.Total cholesterol (TC) (p=0.001) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p<0.0001) were significantly decreased in cases compared to controls. The levels of non-HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) were similar among the participants. The levels of decrease in TC and HDL were associated with whether a patient was SCD-SS or SCD-SC. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were each significantly associated with increased VLDL [SBP,p=0.01, OR: 0.74 (CI: 0.6–0.93); DBP,p=0.023, OR: 1.45 (CI: 1.05–2.0)].Conclusion.Dyslipidemia is common among participants in this study. It was more pronounced in the SCD-SS than in SCD-SC. This dyslipidemia was associated with high VLDL as well as increased SBP and DBP.

scholarly journals Reduction of the Six-Minute Walk Distance in Children with Sickle Cell Disease Is Correlated with Silent Infarct: Results from a Cross-Sectional Evaluation in a Single Center in Belgium

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e108922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Dedeken ◽  
Rudy Chapusette ◽  
Phu Quoc Lê ◽  
Catherine Heijmans ◽  
Christine Devalck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk
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