scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CARBAPENEM RESISTANT KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE INFECTIONS IN MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2016032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrado Girmenia ◽  
Martina Canichella ◽  
Alessandra Serrao
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Multiresistant Pathogens ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
The Mediterranean

Infections by Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), in particular carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKp), are a significant public health challenge worldwide. Resistance to carbapenems in enterobacteriaceae is linked to different mechanisms, in particular the production of different types of enzymes including KPC, VIM, IMP, NDM, and OXA-48. Despite several attempts to control the spread of these infections at local and national level, epidemiological situation for CRKp had worsened in the last years in the Mediterranean area. The rate and types of CRKp isolates greatly differ in the various Mediterranean countries. KPC-producing K.pneumoniae is diffused particularly in the European countries bordering the Mediterranean sea and is actually endemic in Greece and Italy. On the contrary, OXA-48-producing K.pneumoniae is endemic in Turkey and Malta, and diffused at inter-regional level particularly in some north African and Middle East countries. The spread of these multiresistant pathogens in the world and the Mediterranean countries has been related to various epidemiological factors including the international transfer of patients coming from endemic areas. 

An ICT-Based Network of Competence Centres for Developing Intellectual Capital in the Mediterranean Area

2011 ◽  
pp. 2380-2397
Author(s):  
Marco De Maggio ◽  
Pasquale Del Vecchio ◽  
Gianluca Elia ◽  
Francesca Grippa
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Fast Diffusion ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Intellectual Assets ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Access To Knowledge

The rising of the knowledge economy, enhanced by the fast diffusion of ICTs, drives a wider perspective on the divide among Countries, interpreting it more and more as the result of an asymmetry in the access to knowledge and in the readiness to apply it in order to renew the basics of their development dynamics. Looking at the Mediterranean Area, the positive correlation between the Networked Readiness Index and the Global Competitive Index developed at Global Economic Forum – INSEAD, shows that the opposite sides of the Mediterranean Sea are performing a development path at two different paces. In the effort to face the challenge of supporting the creation of Intellectual Capital able to apply, diffuse and benefit from e-business, in 2005 the e-Business Management Section (eBMS) of Scuola Superiore ISUFI – University of Salento launched the “Mediterranean School of e-Business Management”. The present work aims to offer a presentation of its genesis, its most distinctive features, operational model and action plan. The preliminary results of its activities show the role and the main challenges of the School in addressing the needs of the Mediterranean Countries towards a logic of partnership for the development of their Intellectual assets.

scholarly journals Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Barbados: Driving change in practice at the national level

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0176779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Forde ◽  
Bryan Stierman ◽  
Pilar Ramon-Pardo ◽  
Thais dos Santos ◽  
Nalini Singh
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
National Level ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Change In Practice

scholarly journals Abundance ofSesamia nonagrioides(Lef.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on the Edges of the Mediterranean Basin

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilde Eizaguirre ◽  
Argyro A. Fantinou
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Sesamia Nonagrioides ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Mediterranean Regions ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Diapause Incidence

Organisms inhabiting seasonal environments are able to synchronize their life cycles with seasonal cycles of biotic and abiotic factors. Diapause, a state of low metabolic activity and developmental arrest, is used by many insect species to cope with adverse conditions.Sesamia nonagrioidesis a serious pest of corn in the Mediterranean regions and Central Africa. It is multivoltine, with two to four generations per year, that overwinters as mature larva in the northern of the Sahara desert. Our purpose was to compare the response of theS. nonagrioidespopulations occurring in the broader circum-Mediterranean area, with particular attention to the diapause period and the different numbers of generations per season. To this end, we tried to determine whether populations in the area differ in their response to photoperiod and whether we can foresee the number of generations in different areas. We present a model for predicting the occurrence of the critical photoperiod according to latitude and temperature and the spread ofS. nonagrioidesin the circum-Mediterranean countries. Responses of populations to short-day length suggest that the spread of the species is associated with a gradual loss of diapause in the southern areas, and that diapause incidence is positively correlated with latitude.

scholarly journals Notes on the adaptation of some phytophagous and predacious mites to various ecological parameters in the Mediterranean countries

Web Ecology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ragusa ◽  
H. Tsolakis
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Predacious Mites ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Ecological Parameters ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract. Notes on the adaptation to various habitats, climatic conditions, life-cycles, dispersion as well as on some morpho-physiological ones of the main phytophagous (Tetranychidae and Eriophyidae) and predaceous (Phytoseiidae) mites typical of the Mediterranean area are reported in the present paper.

scholarly journals The Health of the Water Planet: Challenges and Opportunities in the Mediterranean Area: An Overview

Earth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 894-919
Author(s):  
Giuliana Vinci ◽  
Lucia Maddaloni ◽  
Leo Mancini ◽  
Sabrina Antonia Prencipe ◽  
Marco Ruggeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Footprint ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Causal Framework

According to the United Nations (2020), since the 1980s, the global overall rate of water use has grown by 1% per year, and it is projected that, by 2050, humanity’s water footprint could exceed 30% of current levels. This situation is in stark contrast to the path toward the Sustainable Development Goals, especially Goal 6, “clean water and sanitation”, which also influences Goal 14, “life below water”, and Goal 15, “life on land”. This is because the availability of water directly affects the food security and production capacity of each Country, and therefore its management is a crucial issue worthy of particular attention. Problems related to water security are particularly evident in the Mediterranean area, which is already facing high environmental challenges. It is an area severely affected by global warming; thus, it is one of the most vulnerable environments to climate change globally. It follows that the improper management of water resources could further worsen an already alarming situation. This research aims to study the main water-related challenges that Mediterranean Countries face, highlighting the significant problems that weaken each Country. In this regard, the indicators relating to Goal 6 were considered, to define each Country’s current state. However, for a correct understanding, the main problems these Countries face were researched through a critical review of the literature (Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science). In this way, we were able to underline the effects of human activities on the hydrosphere and the repercussions on various ecosystems, following the drivers-pressures-state-impact-response causal framework. The results suggest that there is still a long way for Mediterranean Countries to progress toward Agenda 2030, as they face problems related to chemical (nitrate, microplastics, heavy metals, pesticides, etc.) and biological (E. coli and other microorganisms) pollution, as well as saline aquifers, absent or obsolete infrastructures, and transboundary basins. Hence, this study aims to provide valuable tools for a better evaluation of water management in Mediterranean Countries.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development Goals Indicators: A Methodological Proposal for a Multidimensional Fuzzy Index in the Mediterranean Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margherita Casini ◽  
Simone Bastianoni ◽  
Francesca Gagliardi ◽  
Massimo Gigliotti ◽  
Angelo Riccaboni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Multidimensional Index ◽  
Weighting Method ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Mediterranean

This paper describes a methodology for the construction of a multidimensional index for sustainability assessment in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the UN 2030 Agenda. The methodology is designed to properly capture the multidimensional nature of sustainable development and the SDG framework, introducing an innovative Fuzzy Multidimensional Index to measure the performance of Mediterranean countries. The focus is on agro-food sustainability, in-line with the aims of the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA). Drawing on fuzzy set theory, a step-by-step procedure was developed: the underlying dimensions of a set of selected indicators for the SDGs are identified by exploratory factor analysis; an innovative weighting method is applied to aggregate the indicators and calculate the country scores for each dimension and the Fuzzy Multidimensional Index. The PRIMA program will be a first step towards the implementation of innovative solutions, by funding international cooperation projects between countries on both sides of the Mediterranean for a decade: the Fuzzy Multidimensional Index will be the primary source of data for evaluating such projects and policies implemented from them; the Index will therefore be able to close a gap in the availability of appropriate data.

An ICT-Based Network of Competence Centres for Developing Intellectual Capital in the Mediterranean Area

2011 ◽  
pp. 164-181
Author(s):  
Marco De Maggio ◽  
Pasquale Del Vecchio ◽  
Gianluca Elia ◽  
Francesca Grippa
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Fast Diffusion ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Intellectual Assets ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Access To Knowledge

The rising of the knowledge economy, enhanced by the fast diffusion of ICTs, drives a wider perspective on the divide among Countries, interpreting it more and more as the result of an asymmetry in the access to knowledge and in the readiness to apply it in order to renew the basics of their development dynamics. Looking at the Mediterranean Area, the positive correlation between the Networked Readiness Index and the Global Competitive Index developed at Global Economic Forum – INSEAD, shows that the opposite sides of the Mediterranean Sea are performing a development path at two different paces. In the effort to face the challenge of supporting the creation of Intellectual Capital able to apply, diffuse and benefit from e-business, in 2005 the e-Business Management Section (eBMS) of Scuola Superiore ISUFI – University of Salento launched the “Mediterranean School of e-Business Management”. The present work aims to offer a presentation of its genesis, its most distinctive features, operational model and action plan. The preliminary results of its activities show the role and the main challenges of the School in addressing the needs of the Mediterranean Countries towards a logic of partnership for the development of their Intellectual assets.

scholarly journals Energy and Environmental Flows: Do Most Financialised Countries within the Mediterranean Area Export Unsustainability?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Vozzella ◽  
Franco Ruzzenenti ◽  
Giampaolo Gabbi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
The North ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Polluting Emissions

The literature dedicated to the problems of transboundary pollution often aims to verify what the environmental and energy interactions between countries are. Little attention is paid to the financial relations of the phenomenon. We analyze how financial, environmental and energy flows have been redistributed within the main Mediterranean countries, with particular reference to pollution. Applying advanced methods of correlation, we verify the dynamics of transfer processes with the aim of assessing whether the link between economic and financial and environmental flows might support the hypothesis that rich countries export environmental emissions to poor ones. Our results show that richer countries have a significant propensity to export energy, financial flows and polluting emissions. The imbalance is even greater for emissions with local impact. This process is accompanied by a substantial increase in the financial activities of the North Mediterranean countries to the detriment of those of the South, which progressively increase their indebtedness. We find out that the economic and financial development of the North Med is accompanied by an increasing environmental impact measured by the various types of emissions covered by our study. The research shows how the most industrialized countries of the Mediterranean area are increasing the economic and financial gap with respect to the Southern Mediterranean countries.

scholarly journals A Review of the Most Common and Economically Important Diseases That Undermine the Cultivation of Tomato Crop in the Mediterranean Basin

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2188
Author(s):  
Stefano Panno ◽  
Salvatore Davino ◽  
Andrea Giovanni Caruso ◽  
Sofia Bertacca ◽  
Ana Crnogorac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Mediterranean

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), family Solanaceae, has become in the past fifty years one of the most important and extensively grown horticultural crops in the Mediterranean region and throughout the world. In 2019, more than 180 million tonnes of tomato have been produced worldwide, out of which around 42 million tonnes in Mediterranean countries. Due to its genetic properties, tomato is afflicted by numerous plant diseases induced by fungal, bacterial, phytoplasma, virus, and viroid pathogens. Not only is its genetic inheritance of great importance to the management of the numerous tomato pathogens, but equally as important are also the present climate changes, the recently revised phytopathological control measures, and the globalization of the seed industry. Thus, the recognition of symptoms and the knowledge of the distribution and spread of the disease and of the methods for early detection of the pathogens are the major prerequisites for a successful management of the disease. In this review, we will describe the main tomato pathogens in the Mediterranean area that impact mostly the tomato yield and provide the current and perspective measures necessary for their successful management.

scholarly journals Availability of Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean foods during the last four decades: comparison of several geographical areas

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (9A) ◽  
pp. 1667-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Vareiro ◽  
Anna Bach-Faig ◽  
Blanca Raidó Quintana ◽  
Isabel Bertomeu ◽  
Genevieve Buckland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Mediterranean Europe ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the changes in the availability of the most important food components of the traditional Mediterranean diet and other food groups in five geographical areas during a 43-year period.DesignEcological study with food availability data obtained from FAO food balance sheets in forty-one countries for the period 1961–1965 and 2000–2004.SettingMediterranean, Northern and Central Europe, Other Mediterranean countries and Other Countries of the World were the studied areas.ResultsThe main changes since the 1960s, at an availability level, were found in European areas and in Other Mediterranean countries. The greatest changes were found in Mediterranean Europe, recording high availability of non-Mediterranean food groups (animal fats, vegetable oils, sugar and meat), whereas the availability of alcoholic beverages, including wine, and legumes decreased. Despite having lost some of its typical characteristics, Mediterranean Europe has more olive oil, vegetables, fruits and fish available than other areas. Although Northern Europe has a greater availability of non-Mediterranean foods, there has been a tendency towards a decrease in availability of some of these foods and to increase Mediterranean food such as olive oil and fruits.ConclusionsThe present study suggests that European countries, especially those in the Mediterranean area, have experienced a ‘westernisation’ process of food habits, and have increasingly similar patterns of food availability (mainly non-Mediterranean food groups) among them. Measures must be taken to counteract these tendencies and to avoid their possible negative consequences. It is also crucial to find ways to promote and preserve the Mediterranean diet and its lifestyle in modern societies.

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