scholarly journals SALIVA IRON AND FERRITIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH THALASSEMIA AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e2012051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duran Canatan ◽  
Sevgi Kosaci Akdeniz
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
The Body ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Positive Correlation

Most of the  techniques for measuring iron accumulation such as serum iron concentration, iron binding capacity, serum ferritin level, liver biopsy are invasive and hard methods for patients. The changes in trace element concentrations in saliva at different systemic diseases shows the quantity of the element at the body. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of iron and ferritin in saliva and serum in patients  with thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia. For this purpose, 35 healthy children as control group and 71 thalassemia major, 10 thalassemia intermedia and 15 thalassemia trait patients were involved. Their saliva  and serum iron and ferritin levels were measured.  There was no statistically difference between age and gender in all groups and control group (p>0.05).  In all groups saliva iron levels are higher than serum iron levels(p<0.05). Furthermore there was a positive correlation betwen serum and saliva  iron levels in thalassemia major, intermedia and trait groups ( p=0.000, r=0.972, r=0.720, r=0.955) and also there was a positive correlation between serum and saliva iron levels in control and iron deficiency group (p= 0.000, r= 0.885, r= 0.368).  In conclusion,  Saliva iron and ferritin levels increase  as well as serum in patients with thalassemia and decrease in patients with iron deficiency anemia. Saliva can be used for diagnosis routinely  to shows the iron overload  and deficiency of the body and its easy applicability and also a non-invasive procedure is important advantage.

Macrophage Iron, Hepcidin, and Atherosclerotic Plaque Stability

2007 ◽  
Vol 232 (8) ◽  
pp. 1014-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome l. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Depletion

Hepcidin has emerged as the key hormone in the regulation of iron balance and recycling. Elevated levels increase iron in macrophages and inhibit gastrointestinal iron uptake. The physiology of hepcidin suggests an additional mechanism by which iron depletion could protect against atherosclerotic lesion progression. Without hepcidin, macrophages retain less iron. Very low hepcidin levels occur in iron deficiency anemia and also in homozygous hemochromatosis. There is defective retention of iron in macrophages in hemochromatosis and also evidently no increase in atherosclerosis in this disorder. In normal subjects with intact hepcidin responses, atherosclerotic plaque has been reported to have roughly an order of magnitude higher iron concentration than that in healthy arterial wall. Hepcidin may promote plaque destabilization by preventing iron mobilization from macrophages within atherosclerotic lesions; the absence of this mobilization may result in increased cellular iron loads, lipid peroxidation, and progression to foam cells. Marked downregulation of hepcidin (e.g., by induction of iron deficiency anemia) could accelerate iron loss from intralesional macrophages. It is proposed that the minimally proatherogenic level of hepcidin is near the low levels associated with iron deficiency anemia or homozygous hemochromatosis. Induced iron deficiency anemia intensely mobilizes macrophage iron throughout the body to support erythropoiesis. Macrophage iron in the interior of atherosclerotic plaques is not exempt from this process. Decreases in both intralesional iron and lesion size by systemic iron reduction have been shown in animal studies. It remains to be confirmed in humans that a period of systemic iron depletion can decrease lesion size and increase lesion stability as demonstrated in animal studies. The proposed effects of hepcidin and iron in plaque progression offer an explanation of the paradox of no increase in atherosclerosis in patients with hemochromatosis despite a key role of iron in atherogenesis in normal subjects.

scholarly journals Relations between Iron Deficiency Anemia and Anemia from Hookworms Parasites

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Jamal A. AL Jabbar Attawi
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Parasitic Worms

     This research aimed at identifying the relationship of iron-deficiency anemia caused by insufficient dietary intake and the iron-deficiency anemia caused by parasitic worms such as hookworms. Whole blood was drawn from 40 specimens; 20 males and 20 females, normal healthy controls with age ranges 8-50 year. Blood samples were collected from 80 patients with symptoms of anemia, with age range from 10-50 year. After fecal examination, they were divided into two groups: Group one, iron-deficiency anemia with non-parasitic; and group two, iron-deficiency anemia with parasitic. Blood samples were divided into two container, one for the hemoglobin, other for serum ferritin and elements of iron, zinc in tubes without anticoagulants. Results demonstrated a significant decrease in the levels of serum iron, serum ferritin, and hemoglobin in male and female patients (in group one without parasitic worms) as compared with control groups. Furthermore (in two groups with and without parasitic worms), a significant decrease in the level of serum zinc in male and female patients as compared with control group. A significant decrease in the levels of serum iron, ferritin and hemoglobin were observed in male and female patients with iron-deficiency anemia caused by parasitic hookworms compared with control group. The worm burden was classified as light, moderate and heavy as estimated by egg counts per gram of faeces, so results showed the median increase with developing of iron deficiency anemia from parasitic hookworms.

scholarly journals Serum Concentration of Hepcidin as an Indicator of Iron Reserves in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Ćulafić ◽  
Jovanka Kolarović ◽  
Lato Pezo ◽  
Velibor Čabarkapa ◽  
Stanislava Nikolić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hepcidin Level ◽  
Serum Hepcidin

SummaryBackground:Anemia represents a significant cause of maternal and perinatal mortality, as well as child mortality. The aim of the research was to determine the serum concentration of hepcidin in children aged 6 months to 2 years and adolescents aged 11 to 19 years which suffer from iron deficiency anemia and compare it with the serum concentration of hepcidin in the control groups, as well as to determine its connection with the parameters of the iron metabolism.Methods:The research included 173 examinees, 89 of them suffered from iron deficiency anemia and 84 did not suffer from iron deficiency anemia (the latter represented the control group). Blood samples were collected from all study participants. The samples were analyzed for complete blood count and parameters of iron metabolism. ELISA method was used for establishing serum hepcidin levels.Results:The research showed that the concentration of hepcidin is statistically lower in children (4.4 ng/mL) and adolescents (4.1 ng/mL) who suffer from iron deficiency anemia in comparison with the control group (14 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, respectively). The positive correlation between serum hepcidin level and iron in the serum, ferritin, the mean corpuscular volume and transferrin saturation was confirmed, but the negative one occurred in serum hepcidin level, transferrin and reticulocytes.Conclusions:The age of the examinees does not influence the level of serum hepcidin which makes it a more sensitive indicator of the level of iron in the body. Besides this, serum hepcidin is a reliable biological marker for the assessment of iron deficiency anemia.

scholarly journals Comparative effectiveness of iron-containing drugs for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (102) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
I. M. Derkach
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Traditional Scheme ◽  
Experimental Group

Prevention of iron deficiency anemia in piglets is an important preventive measure to ensure the health of pigs, as mortality from this pathology is quite high, and animals that recover from treatment do not realize their own potential productivity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of iron (IV) clatrochelate in combination with cyanocobalamin for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in piglets compared to the traditional scheme of prevention of this disease. To achieve this goal, 2 groups of newborn piglets-analogues were formed during their retention with suckling sows – control and experimental, 15 animals in each. The experiment lasted 30 days. Piglets in the experimental group were selected from sows given 10 ml of 10 % iron (IV) clatrochelate solution and cyanocobalamin solution twice intramuscularly during pregnancy. Piglets of the control group according to the traditional scheme of prevention of iron deficiency anemia on the second day of life were administered iron dextran drug (at the rate of 200 mg of iron (III) per injection). The results of the study show that the body weight of piglets from 1 to 9 days of their life who are born from sows which used iron (IV) clatrochelate and cyanocobalamin during pregnancy was less (P < 0.001) than the body weight of piglets which used iron dextran on the 2nd day after birth; did not differ on the 12 day of life, but on the 30 day was higher than the body weight of piglets in the control group 1.15 times (P < 0.001). The level of protein in the serum of piglets of the experimental group from birth to 30 day of life  was probably higher compared to the control, which indicates that iron (IV) clatrochelate stimulates protein synthesis in the body. Therefore, double injection of 10 % solution of iron (IV) clatrochelate in a dose of 10 ml in combination with injections of cyanocobalamin at a dose of 500 mcg of active substance to pregnant sows pregnant sows 14 and 7 days before the expected farrowing provides a preventive effect of iron deficiency anemia in piglets born to them.

Abdominal Chronic Expanding Hematoma Causing Iron-Deficiency Anemia in a Dog

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel Sebbag ◽  
Kenneth R. Harkin ◽  
Allison Habekost ◽  
Sanjeev Gumber ◽  
Tiffany Lee
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Abdominal Distention ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Chronic Expanding Hematoma ◽  
Serum Iron Concentration

A 2 yr old spayed female mixed-breed Irish wolfhound was referred for assessment of anemia and slowly progressing abdominal distention. At the time of admission, the dog had marked anemia and thrombocytosis, a decreased serum iron concentration, and a normal coagulation profile. An ultrasound examination showed a massive fluid-filled cavitated structure in the abdominal cavity. Paracentesis of that structure yielded a large amount of hemorrhagic fluid with an iron concentration &gt;24 times greater than the serum iron concentration, consistent with chronic sequestration of iron, leading to iron-deficiency anemia. Blood transfusions and incomplete surgical removal of the structure allowed short-term stabilization of the patient, but the dog was euthanized 17 days postsurgery for lethargy and continued abdominal distention. Histopathological evaluation of the structure was consistent with a chronic expanding hematoma. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of intra-abdominal chronic expanding hematoma in a dog. It is also unique given its features of iron-deficiency anemia caused by internal blood loss.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Reticulated Haemoglobin (CHr) as a diagnostic parameter in Iron Deficiency Anemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Kariyawasan ◽  
D. J. U. S. Samarasekara ◽  
N. Vithanage ◽  
D. M. C. Dissanayake ◽  
S. A. C. D. Ranatunga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
The Body ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Deficiency State ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the commonest nutritional deficiency in all parts of the world. In developing countries, the commonest cause is inadequate dietary intake [1]. The red cell indices raise the suspicion of iron deficiency state due to the microcytic, hypochromic changes and the wide red cell distribution width. The iron studies are confirmatory of an iron deficiency state, but are not accurate in the presence of infection, inflammation or malignancy as they are acute phase proteins and are affected in these states making the serum iron studies unreliable under these conditions. The reticulocyte haemoglobin content (CHr) indicates the iron available in the marrow for the production of Hb and are not affected by the above-mentioned situations and therefore has been recommended as a reliable marker of iron status in the body. The value for CHr given in the literature was 25pg [3]. Objectives: General objective was to evaluate the significance of CHr in the diagnosis of IDA. The Specific objectives were to compare CHr with the other conventional iron parameters including serum iron, serum ferritin, TS and TIBC and evaluate any significance of CHr with RBC indices (MCV, MCH and MCHC) and age. Methodology: A retrospective analytical study performed at the Department of Haematology of a Tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. Data was obtained from the patient records of those referred to the Haematology department for management of iron deficiency during the period of 9 months commencing from April 2019 to January 2020. Data from 178 adult patients both males and females (16 to 84 years) diagnosed with IDA (S. Ferritin < 20ng/ml) (Hb < 12g/dl in men and Hb <11.5g/dl in women) were randomly selected. In pregnant females the S. Ferritin level considered was <30ng/ml and the Hb level was <11g/dl in the first trimester and 10.5g/dl in the 2nd and third trimester [4]. Blood count and CHr was analyzed using Mindray fully automated analyzer BC 6800, Serum iron and TIBC was measured with Mindray BS 480 and Serum ferritin with Advia Centaur Xp. TS was calculated by dividing serum iron by TIBC and multiplying by 100. A data extraction sheet was used to enter the investigations with the results. Statistical Analysis: Data were double entered and were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Descriptive statistical methods were used to calculate the median and the mean ± standard deviation of Hb, serum iron, serum ferritin, TIBC, TS, MCV, MCH, MCHC and CHr. Pearson’s correlation was used to evaluate the correlation between variables. Coefficient of determination (R Sq) was used to a statistical measure of how close the data are to the fitted regression line. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Conclusion: Significant positive correlations were observed between the CHr and haematological parameters such as Hb, MCV, MCH, and MCHC and biochemical parameters including serum iron, serum ferritin, and TS (p value < 0.001). Negative correlation was seen between the CHr and TIBC and there was no correlation with age. The mean value of CHr was 22.4 ±4.16pg and median was 22.2 pg.  

Vitamin D Status in Egyptian Adolescent Females with Iron Deficiency Anemia and Its Correlation with Serum Iron Indices

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-525
Author(s):  
Eman H. EL-Adawy ◽  
Fawkia E. Zahran ◽  
Gehan A. Shaker ◽  
Amal Seleem
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Control

Background: In Egypt, it seems that adolescent girls are a candidate for Vitamin D Deficiency (VDD), mostly due to inadequate sun exposure as a result of the culture and social dress codes and dietary factors. Currently, there is growing evidence that VDD is associated with Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA). Aim: To investigate the frequency of VDD in adolescent females with IDA in comparison to healthy control and demonstrate whether VD level was correlated with serum iron indices. Subjects and Methods: Forty adolescent females with known cases of IDA (group 1) and 30 healthy females matched for age as a control (group 2) were selected. We compared the differences between the two groups to determine the degree of VD level; where VDD was defined as 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] ≤20 ng/mL, vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) as 25(OH) D of 20-30 ng/mL, and vitamin D sufficiency (VDS) as 25(OH)D >30 ng/mL. Body mass index (BMI), complete blood count (CBC), serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), serum ferritin, serum creatinine, ionized calcium and 25(OH)D were measured for all participants. Results: We found that subnormal vitamin D (VDD and VDI) was more frequent in the IDA group (75%) than control (40%), (p = 0.025); where 19 adolescent female patients (47.5%) were VDD, 11 (27.5%) were VDI and 10 (25%) were VDS, while in the control group, VDD was present in 4 (20%), VDI in 4 (20%) and VDS in 12 (60%) respectively. There was not any significant correlation between serum VD and serum iron indices (r =0.168, p < 0.05) and Hb (r = 0.360, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in serum hemoglobin level between IDA patients with subnormal VD and those with VDS. The mean level of serum 25(OH) D was significantly lower in winter months than summer in both groups; (16.87 vs. 31.57 mg/dL, p < 0.001) and (31.9 vs. 35.04 mg/dL, p < 0.001) respectively. BMI, Iron, TIBC and seasonal variation were not predictors of 25(OH) D levels in adolescent girls with IDA. Conclusion: VDD has a higher frequency in Egyptian adolescent females with IDA than healthy control. However, vitamin D levels were not significantly correlated with iron indices. Our result might direct the attention for measuring vitamin D level in patients with IDA with the possibility of VD supplementation with iron.

Serum Free Carnitine and Total Triglycerid Levels in Children with Iron Deficiency Anemia

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatos Tanzer ◽  
Selda H_zel ◽  
Öge Çetinkaya ◽  
Ersin Sekreter
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Free Carnitine ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Total Triglyceride

Iron deficiency anemia and hyperlipidemia are common public health problems in Turkey. The connection between iron and lipid metabolisms has not been clarified yet. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of iron deficiency on carnitine and lipid metabolism. Study group was consisted of 70 children (mean age 14.7 ± 1.3 months) suffering from iron deficiency anemia and 20 healthy children (mean age 13.7 ± 1.2 months) attended to outpatient clinics of Cumhuriyet University, Sivas were enrolled the study as the control group. Assessments of serum free carnitine concentrations, total triglyceride, total cholesterol and VLDL levels were made in both groups. The mean serum free carnitine concentration was significantly lower than the control group (18.9 ± 0.43 nmol/ ml and 45.9 ± 1.47 nmol/ml respectively, t = 17.5 p <0.01). Results of our study also indicated higher serum total triglyceride, total cholesterol and VLDL levels in iron deficient patients than the healthy controls. Regression analyses indicated a negative correlation between serum free carnitine and total triglyceride levels in iron deficient patients. This study confirms that iron deficiency anemia may be linked to the endogenous carnitine synthesis in pediatric age group, and thus hyperlipidemia appears to be a risk factor for premature cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Immune status of piglets after administration of Iron(IV) clatrochelate to pregnant sows

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (103) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
V. B. Dukhnitskyi ◽  
I. M. Derkach ◽  
S. S. Derkach
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Traditional Scheme ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Active Formation

The degree of the physiological development of the body of piglets in the first months after birth is important because, during this period, there is an active formation of many organism systems, including those that provide homeostasis. The resistance of piglets to diseases of various etiologies during life depends on the formation of the immune system. Our study aimed to assess the immune status of piglets born to sows that received injections of solutions of Iron(IV) clatrochelate and cyanocobalamin during pregnancy. To achieve this goal, two groups of newborn piglets-analogs were formed during their retention with suckling sows – control and experimental, 15 animals each. Piglets from 5 sows (3 from each) were injected into the experimental group, which were injected 10 ml of 10 % solution of Iron(IV) clatrochelate and cyanocobalamin solution twice during pregnancy (14 and 7 days before the expected farrowing) intramuscularly. Piglets of the control group, according to the traditional scheme of prevention of iron deficiency anemia on the second day of life, were administered irondextran drug uniferon (200 mg of iron (III) per injection). Piglets and sows were observed for two months; for studies of the content of immunoglobulins in the piglets' serum, the blood samples were taken at 1, 5, 12, and 30 days of life. During the experiment, the indicators of the content of immunoglobulins of classes G, A, M in the serum of piglets of the experimental group and the dynamics of their changes within 30 days after birth did not differ from the control. Two injections of 10 % solution of Iron(IV) clatrochelate in a dose of 10 ml in combination with cyanocobalamin injections at a dose of 500 mg of active substance to pregnant sows 14 and 7 days before the expected farrowing did not adversely affect the immune status of newborn piglets. Furthermore, this has a high prophylactic effect against iron deficiency anemia.

Influence of Artistic Gymnastics on Iron Nutritional Status and Exercise-Induced Hemolysis in Female Athletes

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaiz Mattos Sureira ◽  
Olga Silverio Amancio ◽  
Josefina Aparecida Pellegrini Braga
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Hematological Profile ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study evaluates the relationship between body iron losses and gains in artistic gymnastics female athletes. It shows that despite the low iron intake and exercise-induced hemolysis, iron deficiency or iron-deficiency anemia does not occur, but partial changes in the hematological profile do. The hypothesis that gymnasts’ nutritional behavior contributes to anemia, which may be aggravated by exercise-induced hemolysis, led to this cross-sectional study, conducted with 43 female artistic gymnasts 6–16 yr old. The control group was formed by 40 nontraining girls, paired by age. Hemogram, serum iron, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor, haptoglobin, total and fractional bilirubin, Type I urine, and parasitologic and occult fecal blood tests were evaluated. The athletes presented mean hematimetric and serum iron values (p = .020) higher than those of the control group. The bilirubin result discarded any hemolytic alteration in both groups. The haptoglobin results were lower in the athlete group (p = .002), confirming the incidence of exercise-induced hemolysis. Both groups presented low iron intake. The results suggest that artistic gymnastics practice leads to exerciseinduced hemolysis and partially changes the hematological profile, although not causing iron deficiency or iron-deficiency anemia, even in the presence of low iron intake.

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