scholarly journals Delayed presentation of congenital diaphragmatic hernia masquerading as pulmonary tuberculosis in a 4-year-old girl

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Salisu Shaaibu ◽  
Aliyu Mohammed El-Habeeb ◽  
Idris Mohammed Mustapha ◽  
Abdulsalam Usman Danjaji
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Esophageal Reflux ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Plain Chest ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernias

Diaphragmatic hernias are defined as congenital or acquired defect in the diaphragm. It is said to be the most common intra-thoracic fetal anomaly with an incidence of 1 in 2200 to 3000 live births and male to female ratio of 2:1.The unusual and misleading presentation of this condition which would cause an unnecessary delay in diagnosis and all the attendant consequences (such as intestinal obstruction) is hereby presented. The role of plain chest Xray which is cheap and readily available in salvaging the confusing clinical scenario has been emphasized. Late presenting CDH should be factored in the differential diagnosis of any child with chronic cough. Delay in diagnosis increases chances of complication such as chronic lung diseases and gastro-esophageal reflux, later in adulthood.

The role of pulmonary rehabilitation in the prevention of exacerbations of chronic lung diseases

2017 ◽  
pp. 224-246
Author(s):  
Fernanda M. Rodrigues ◽  
Matthias Loeckx ◽  
Thierry Troosters ◽  
Wim Janssens
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases

scholarly journals Role of Multi Detector Computed Tomography Cervicocerebral Angiography in Evaluation of Patients with Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Balaji Varaprasad Mallula ◽  
Jithender Reddy Chintala ◽  
Srinadh Boppanna ◽  
S. Annapurna
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The World ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Multi Detector Computed Tomography

Background: Stroke is the second single most common cause of death in the world causing approximately 6.7 million deaths each year. It has a greater disability impact on an individual than any other chronic disease. The aim of the study is to review the value of CTA in detection and evaluation of non-traumatic cervicocerebral vascular disease (stroke). Subjects & Methods: A prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kamineni Hospitals, L.B. Nagar, Hyderabad over 60 patients during April 2016 to May 2017. Results: Out of 60 patients, 35(58.3%) patients had ischemic stroke, 25(41.6%) had hemorrhagic stroke. Overall stroke was seen mostly in the age group of 61-70 (28.3%) years, with a Male to female ratio of 3:2. Conclusion: Hypertension was the most common risk factor associated with this disease, followed by diabetes. CTA helps in accurate diagnosis, risk stratification and planning management protocols.

scholarly journals The role of female hormones on lung function in chronic lung diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Tam ◽  
Don Morrish ◽  
Samuel Wadsworth ◽  
Delbert Dorscheid ◽  
SF Paul Man ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Female Hormones

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS AND ROLE OF MACROPHAGES IN PATHOGENESIS OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC LUNG DISEASES

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Nikonova ◽  
M. R. Khaitov ◽  
R. M. Khaitov
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases

scholarly journals Role of air way stenting (Duman- silica stent) in benign stricture trachea management

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Kiran Grandhi ◽  
Jayasri Helen Gali ◽  
Kokiwar P. R.
Keyword(s):  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Mechanical Ventilatory Support ◽  
Benign Stricture ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Phosphorus Poisoning ◽  
Female Case ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Tracheal Stricture

Background: Tracheal strictures are known to recur after dilatation, so they need stenting to prevent recurrence. The objective was to study role of air way stenting (Duman- silica stent) in benign stricture trachea management.Methods: A hospital based prospective study was carried out among 15 cases (as these cases are very rare, author could study only 15 cases) presented with various clinical features suggestive of tracheal strictures. They were examined and managed by putting tracheal stent for up to eight months period. All cases were followed at regular intervals till 14months after the stent was placed. The outcome was studied.Results: The tracheal strictures have been found to be more in the age group of 25-30 years.  The male to female ratio was 4:1 i.e. for everyone female case there were four male cases. Thus, the tracheal strictures have been more common among the males compared to the females. All of the patients presented with severe stridor, breathing difficulty, and poor exercise tolerance. Most common cause of tracheal stricture was prolonged mechanical  ventilatory support >8 days due to organo phosphorus poisoning in past 3months and all of them were males.  All cases had good outcome at the end of 14months of follow up. All cases had normal findings. No one developed foreign body reaction, nor did no one develop granuloma formation at the stent site. After stent removal flexible bronchoscopy repeated after 3rd month and 6th month.Conclusions: Tracheal stenting is very useful procedure in the management of air way strictures.

Urgent surgery – the role of computed tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
A. V. Arablinskiy ◽  
V. B. Rumer
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Hollow Viscus ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Urgent Surgery ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Male To Female

Introduction.Acute abdomen is a complex condition that demands urgent diagnostics and treatment.The proposeof the study based on data we got in the Radiology Department of S.P. Botkin Municipal Clinical Hospital is to evaluate the role of computed tomography in acute abdomen diagnostics.Materials and methods. 637 acute abdomen patient`s data were retrospectively analyzed, provided in the term from January 2017 to January 2018. The average age was 53 years old, from 18 to 98 y.o. Male to female ratio was 1:1,51, male – 383, female – 254. Inclusion criteria was acute abdomen clinical presentation.Results.The most frequently seen conditions were ileus – 226 cases (35.5%), acute pancreatitis/pancreonecrosis – 185 cases (29%), ureteral occlusion with stones – 83 cases (13%), blunt abdominal trauma – 57 cases (9%), renal abscesses and inflammation diseases – 56 cases (9%). Liver abscesses – 13 cases (2%), mesenteric ischemia – 10 cases (1.5%), acute appendicitis – 4 (0,5%), aortic dissection – 2 cases (0,3%), hollow viscus perforation – 1 case (0.2%).Conclusion.CT with high accuracy and in a short time identify the reason of acute abdomen in all shown cases that highly improve the quality of medical management.

Value proposition for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening (SC) in underinsured populations (UP).

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (30_suppl) ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Barzi ◽  
Sarmad Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Male To Female

24 Background: SC for CRC is an effective preventive tool. In ASCO 2013 we reported that costs of SC are quickly offset by a reduction in the management costs of CRC rendering No Screening financially unsound. This is particularly relevant to the Medicaid and other UP where low reimbursements result in lower availability and inconsistent practice of SC creating an impediment to better outcomes and is a key part of outcome disparities. Methods: Twelve strategies (STs) and 1.4 million individuals were simulated to examine the role of participation (PA) in the SC on effectiveness and cost effectiveness of each SC ST. Individuals > 50 with average risk of CRC and 1/1 male to female ratio were followed for up to 35 years with SC stopped at 75. PA was increased by 10% increments between 20% and 80%. Results: Our results demonstrated that FOBT and colonoscopy (CS) are consistently cost effective STs independently of the level of PA. The incremental cost effectiveness ratios (ICER) of CS relative to FOBT remain flat as PA increases. The absolute difference in life years gained between FOBT and CS ranges from 0.014 to 0.30. Sensitivity analysis reveals that costs of FOBT can be increased before CS becomes more cost effective. Conclusions: Given the limitations of resources within provider networks primarily supported by Medicaid, FOBT can be deployed as the SC modality of choice and efforts maybe focused on increasing PA. To this end, Medicaid can potentially offer more competitive reimbursement rates for fecal testing, thereby incentivizing providers. This will improve quality as reflected in the outcomes and is more pragmatic in terms of resources it requires. [Table: see text]

About a role of particle pollution for pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla F. Kolpakova ◽  
Ruslan N. Sharipov ◽  
Fedor A. Kolpakov
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Particle Pollution

Proteolytic Enzymes, their Inhibitors and Lung Diseases

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Stockley
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic Enzyme ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Serum Inhibitor ◽  
Reparative Changes

The pathogenesis of many acute and chronic lung diseases remains a mystery. However, recent years have seen a rapidly increasing interest in the role of proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors in modifying the inflammatory, destructive and reparative changes that occur in the lung. Much of this interest owes its existence to two observations in the early 1960s: firstly, the recognition that subjects with an inherited deficiency of α1-antitrypsin (α1-AT; the main serum inhibitor of proteolytic enzymes) had a high incidence of pulmonary emphysema [1], and secondly the demonstration by Gross et al. [2] that a proteolytic enzyme (papain) was capable of producing lesions similar to emphysema in experimental animals. These observations ultimately led to the proteinase—anti-proteinase theory of emphysema, which predicts that a state of balance occurs in the healthy lung in which the proteolytic enzyme inhibitors functionally equal or exceed the enzymes. Destructive lung disease occurs when the enzymes functionally exceed the inhibitors such that they remain active within the lung, resulting in digestion of connective tissue. This general concept of a disturbed proteinase—anti-proteinase balance within the lung has been recently applied to many other lung diseases, and some will be mentioned later. However, it is in the study of chronic bronchitis and emphysema that the concept has become most well established.

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