scholarly journals Critical review of fossil record of Ranina Lamarck, 1801 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Raninidae), with description of Tethyranina n. gen.

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Pasini ◽  
Alessandro Garassino
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Doubtful Species ◽  
Definition Of

Pasini and Garassino (2017a) revised the fossil record referred to Ranina Lamarck, 1801 by Karasawa et al. (2014). As result only four species were considered as possible valid species within Ranina: R. palmea E. Sismonda, 1846, R. pellattieroi De Angeli and Beschin, 2011, R. propinqua Ristori, 1891, and R. ranina (Linnaeus, 1758). These species are herein revised and discussed, based on updated observations and critical review of the fossil materials and on a re-definition of the main diagnostic proxy characters sensu Schweitzer (2003) of the type species R. ranina (Linnaeus, 1758). This review allows us to establish that R. ranina from the middle Pleistocene of Ryukyu Islands (Japan) and R. palmea from the middle Miocene of Italy have consistent proxy characters with the extant Ranina to be considered as valid species within the genus. Moreover, Tethyranina n. gen., with T. propinqua (Ristori, 1891) n. comb., is herein proposed to accommodate this questionable fossil species previously assigned to Ranina. Finally R. pellattieroi De Angeli and Beschin, 2011, lacking the typical characters of Ranina, is considered as a doubtful species within Ranininae.

scholarly journals A preliminary review of the fossil species of Ranina Lamarck, 1801 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Raninidae), with systematic remarks

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Giovanni Pasini ◽  
Alessandro Garassino
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Type Series ◽  
Nomina Dubia ◽  
Doubtful Species

The systematics of the fossil representatives of Ranina Lamark, 1810, has been discussed by several authors in the last century, showing some problematics above all due to the lack of a close diagnosis of the type species (<em>R. ranina</em>) and to the scarce number of well-preserved type series of each fossil species. However, based upon a close comparison among the type series of each species, authors’ original descriptions, and the main diagnostic characters of <em>Ranina</em>, this preliminary review finds that twelve species have to be considered as doubtful species within <em>Ranina</em>, as follows: <em>?Ranina americana</em> Withers, 1924, <em>?R. berglundi</em> Squires &amp; Demetrion, 1992,<em> ?R. bouilleana</em> A. Milne Edwards, 1872, <em>?R. brevispina</em> Lőrenthey, 1898,<em> ?R. granulosa</em> A. Milne Edwards, 1872, <em>?R. griesbachi</em> Noetling, 1897, <em>?R. haszlinskyi</em> Reuss, 1859, <em>?R. libyca</em> (Van Straelen, 1935),<em> ?R.</em> <em>molengraaffi</em> Van Straelen, 1924,<em> ?R. oblonga</em> (von Münster, 1840), <em>?R. ornata</em> De Angeli &amp; Beschin, 2011, and<em> ?R. speciosa</em> (von Münster, 1840). Four species have to be considered as <em>Ranina nomina dubia</em>, as follows: <em>Ranina elegans</em> Rathbun, 1945, <em>R. hirsuta</em> (Schafhäutl, 1863), <em>R. lamiensis</em> Rathbun, 1945, and<em> R. tejoniana</em> Rathbun, 1926. <em>Ranina</em> <em>bavarica</em> Ebert, 1887,<em> R. fabri</em> Schafhäutl, 1863, and<em> R. helii</em> Schafhäutl, 1863, have to be assigned to Lophoranina Fabiani, 1910. <em>Ranina</em> <em>cuspidata</em> Guppy, 1909, has to be assigned to Calappa Weber, 1795 (Calappidae De Haan, 1833). Finally,<em> R. burleighensis</em> Holland in Holland &amp; Cvancara, 1958, has to be considered as doubtful species within Decapoda.

Reappraisal of the burrowing lobster Axius (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Axiidea) in the fossil record with notes on palaeobiogeography and description of a new species

2017 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matúš Hyžný ◽  
Sten Lennart Jakobsen ◽  
René H. B. Fraaije
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Late Oligocene ◽  
The West ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Western Tethys ◽  
Preservation Potential ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Subjective Synonym

The fossil record of the burrowing lobster Axius is reviewed. A diagnosis based on the characters with preservation potential is supplied. Plioaxius lineadactylus Fraaije et al., 2011, from the Pliocene of Belgium and the Netherlands is considered congeneric with the type species of Axius. As a consequence, Plioaxius is considered a junior subjective synonym of Axius. A newly described species, Axius hofstedtae from the late Oligocene of Denmark is considered the oldest unequivocal representative of Axius. Both fossil species, A. hofstedtae n. sp. and A. lineadactylus n. comb., share numerous morphological characters with extant Axius stirhynchus. Scarcity of the Cenozoic Axiidae is ascribed to lack of study of the fossil record of this group rather than to low fossilization potential of its representatives. A preliminary scenario of the migration of Axius based on the scarce fossil record suggests the origin in the Western Tethys and subsequent dispersal westward into the West Atlantic and eastward into the West Pacific.

Biological interaction between fossil species: character displacement in Bermudian land snails

Paleobiology ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Schindel ◽  
Stephen Jay Gould
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Morphological Change ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Biological Interaction ◽  
Fossil Species

Poecilozonites (Gastrelasmus) is an important component of the endemic land snail fauna of Pleistocene Bermuda. The type species P. circumfirmatus Redfield usually occurs in sympatry with its congener P. discrepans Pfeiffer, though each species is found alone at several localities. The species are less alike morphologically where they occur together than where they are allopatric. This allopatric convergence and sympatric divergence strongly suggests the biological interaction known as character displacement, often documented for living populations. The relatively complete fossil record of Bermuda offers advantages for studying this phenomenon. Collections can be made from a variety of microhabitats occupied through time. Statistical analysis of 1,600 individuals collected from more than 100 localities indicates that interspecific variation is primarily a function of the presence or absence of a congener and depends to a lesser degree on microhabitat. P. circumfirmatus undergoes a smaller morphological change between allopatry and sympatry than does P. discrepans. Study of relative abundances suggests that P. discrepans may have been competitively inferior, though no functional bases for differences between the species are known.

scholarly journals A reappraisal ofTheroteinus(Haramiyida, Mammaliaformes) from the Upper Triassic of Saint-Nicolas-de-Port (France)

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Debuysschere
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
A New Species

The earliest mammaliaforms are difficult to assess because the fossil record is poor and because their distinctive morphologies cannot be directly compared with more recent mammaliaforms. This is especially true for the haramiyid genusTheroteinus, only known in the Saint-Nicolas-de-Port locality (Rhaetian, France). This study presents a new definition of the type-speciesTheroteinus nikolai. A new speciesTheroteinus rosieriensis, sp. nov., is named and distinguished by the lingual shift of distal cusps, a larger size, and a stockier occlusal outline. Comparisons withEleutherodon,MegaconusandMillsodonsuggest thatTheroteinushas potential close relatives among the Jurassic haramiyids.

The taxonomic status of Merychippus insignis Leidy

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1277-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Evander
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Ancestral Group ◽  
The Many

The genus Merychippus was erected by Leidy (1857), who named as the type species Merychippus insignis. The type specimen of M. insignis is an immature and incomplete maxilla containing a broken dp2 and a dp3. The type comes from the Bijou Hills of South Dakota, probably from the Barstovian (middle Miocene) Fort Randall Formation of South Bijou Hill in Charles Mix County (Skinner and Taylor, 1967), but possibly from the overlying undifferentiated Ogallala Formation, or possibly from North Bijou Hill in Brule County. Despite this enigmatic type, the species M. insignis has frequently been identified in the fossil record, and the genus Merychippus has grown to include all mesodont horses (Stirton, 1940). Conceptually, the taxon Merychippus is considered a horizontal grade rather than a vertical clade (Simpson, 1945, p. 18). As a horizontal concept, the genus Merychippus derived importance as the ancestral group for the many Mio-Pliocene lineages of hypsodont horses. Today, as horse classification is remodeled along cladistic lines, the taxon Merychippus derives importance from its early naming. Several distinctive horse clades extend upward from a middle Miocene radiation (Stirton, 1940; Quinn, 1955). If M. insignis can be placed within one of these clades, then it is likely that the clade will bear the generic nomen Merychippus because of the antiquity of the name.

scholarly journals Checklist of Gymnotiformes (Osteichthyes: Ostariophysi) and catalogue of primary types

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl J. Ferraris Jr ◽  
Carlos David de Santana ◽  
Richard P. Vari
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Electric Fishes

ABSTRACT A list of all valid names of species of Neotropical electric fishes (Gymnotiformes) is presented herein. The list is arranged by family and genus and includes all available synonyms. The list is comprehensive through 2016 and includes 240 valid species distributed among 34 genera and five families, including one monotypic genus known only from the fossil record. The presented classification reflects recently published interpretations about the validity of the included names which, in general, are widely accepted. When the validity of a particular name is disputed in recent literature, we followed one of the published interpretations and provide relevant information on the alternate interpretation(s) in the remarks section of that name. Synonymies of some names need to be considered tentative, inasmuch as the types underlying those names are either absent or appear to be based on more than one taxon. First reviser actions (e.g., lectotype and neotype designations, resolution of simultaneous synonyms, etc.) are reported and include erroneous subsequent attempts at problem resolutions. Herein, we include one new first reviser action by selecting Gymnotus aequilabiatus Humboldt, 1805, as type species of Sternopygus because previous attempts to select a type did not follow the provisions of the Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

Taxonomic status of some species of Aspidostomatidae (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) from the Oligocene and Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina)

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro M. Pérez ◽  
Juan López-Gappa ◽  
Miguel Griffin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Late Oligocene ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
New Material

AbstractThe bryozoan genus Aspidostoma Hincks, 1881 has been regarded as the only representative of the Aspidostomatidae Jullien, 1888 in Argentina to date. Its type species, Aspidostoma giganteum (Busk, 1854), is presently distributed in the Magellanic Region (Argentina and Chile) and has been recorded in Oligocene and Miocene fossil deposits of Santa Cruz and Chubut, respectively. New material from San Julián (late Oligocene), Monte León (early Miocene), Chenque (early to middle Miocene), and Puerto Madryn (late Miocene) formations suggests, however, that A. giganteum is not represented in the fossil record. Material from Puerto Madryn Formation previously regarded as A. giganteum is here recognized as Aspidostoma roveretoi new species. Aspidostoma ortmanni Canu, 1904 is revalidated for the species from the San Julián Formation. Aspidostoma armatum new species and Aspidostoma tehuelche new species are introduced for material from the Monte León and Chenque formations, respectively. Aspidostoma incrustans Canu, 1908, from the early Miocene, is redescribed. Melychocella Gordon and Taylor, 1999, which differs from Aspidostoma in having vicarious avicularia and lacking a median ridge and a quadrangular process proximal to the opesia-orifice, is so far represented by three Paleogene species from the Chatham Islands (Southwest Pacific). The material from Monte León allowed us to transfer Aspidostoma flammulum Canu, 1908 to Melychocella, resulting in the new combination Melychocella flammula (Canu, 1908). Melychocella biperforata new species is described from the lower Miocene Monte León and Chenque formations. The presence of Melychocella in the Neogene of Patagonia extends its geographic distribution and its temporal range.UUID: http://zoobank.org/d84df2d8-cab2-4e74-82b8-7c67d938a58f

World catalog of the Stephanidae (Hymenoptera: Stephanoidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 753 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE P. AGUIAR
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
New Synonymy ◽  
Secondary Type

The Stephanidae literature through July 2004 is summarized and 326 valid species, including 6 fossil species, are cataloged. Information on the localization of primary and secondary type material, as well as updated names for the localities of primary types, are provided for all valid and synonymized species. Literature treatment of male and female specimens is discriminated in the synonymic listing of all species. The following 90 nomenclatural changes are made: Genus-level type designation (1): Bothrioceros Europaeus Sichel designated as type species of Bothrioceros Sichel. New combinations (69): From Diastephanus: Foenatopus alutaceus (Morley), F. anupam (Narendran & Sureshan), F. bilineatus (Elliott), F. burmaensis (Narendran & Sureshan), F. capitatus (Benoit), F. carinifrons (Enderlein), F. chinnarensis (Sureshan), F. chinensis (Elliott), F. christineae (Narendran), F. costifrons (Elliott), F. daccaensis (Narendran & Sureshan), F. dohrni (Enderlein), F. elegans (Elliott), F. elegantulus (Elliott), F. elongatus (Elliott), F. equatorialis (Benoit), F. flaviceps (Elliott), F. flavifrons (Elliott), F. frontilinea (Morley), F. fuscidens (Kieffer), F. gracilis (Kieffer), F. keralensis (Narendran & Sureshan), F. lucifer (Elliott), F. maculifemur (Enderlein), F. multicolor (Elliott), F. parviceps (Enderlein), F. parvulus (Elliott), F. priyae (Narendran & Sureshan), F. quadridens (Elliott), F. salomonis (Westwood), F. sangalensis (Benoit), F. semiglaber (Elliott), F. simillimus (Elliott), F. stom (Narendran & Sureshan), F. sudhae (Narendran & Sureshan), F. sulcatus (Elliott), F. szepligetii (Enderlein), F. tertianus (Morley), F. trialbatus (Elliott), F. trilineatus (Elliott), F. trilobatus (Elliott), F. wynadensis (Sureshan & Narendran); from Madegafoenus: Megischus bekilyanus (Benoit), M. occiputalis (Benoit); from Megischus: Afromegischus gigas (Schletterer), Foenatopus phoberopus (Sausurre); from Neostephanus: Foenatopus alluaudi (Kieffer), F. berlandi (Benoit), F. camerunus (Enderlein), F. collaris (Benoit), F. crassiceps (Bischoff), F. globiceps (Enderlein), F. insignis (Schletterer), F. longicaudatus (Benoit), F. micans (Benoit), F. obockensis (Benoit), F. oemidaphagus (Benoit), F. pauliani (Benoit), F. pentheri (Kieffer); from Pseudomegischus: Afromegischus tibiator (Schletterer); from Stephanus: Comnatopus xanthocephalus (Cameron); Megischus collectivus (Elliott), M. diversus (Schletterer), M. lanceolatus (Kieffer), M. sanmartinianus (Orfila), M. seyrigi (Benoit), M. hornianus (Enderlein), M. tricolor (Elliott), M. willineri (Orfila). Replacement names (3): Foenatopus annularis Aguiar, generic transfer and replacement name for Diastephanus annulipes Elliott, preventing secondary homonym with F. annulipes (Elliott); F. rufocinctus Aguiar, new status and replacement name for Stephanus togoensis var. fasciatus Enderlein, preventing secondary homonym with F. fasciatus Sz pligeti; Parastephanellus curtus Aguiar, replacement name for secondary homonym of P. curticollis (Elliott) with P. curticollis Elliott. New status (2): Comnatopus Achterberg, new status for Profoenatopus (Comnatopus) Achterberg; Parastephanellus coriaceus Kieffer, new status for Parastephanellus polychromus var. coriacea Kieffer. New genus-group synonyms (1): Pseudomegischus (Callomegischus) Achterberg, new syn- onymy for Afromegischus Achterberg. New species-group synonyms (7): Stephanus comma Morley, new synonymy for Comnatopus xanthocephalus (Cameron); Foenatopus flavicollis flavissimus Benoit, new synonymy for F. flavicollis Cameron; Stephanus testaceipes Elliott, Stephanus iesuiticus Orfila, S. paraguayensis Orfila, and S. martinezi Orfila, new synonyms for Megischus maculipennis Westwood; Parastephanellus impunctatus Elliott, new synonymy for P. nigricaudus (Sichel).Reinstated name (1): Megischus ruficeps Saussure, reinstated, invalidating M. saussurei (Schulz). Species inquirendum (1): Schlettererius rufipes (Say, 1824), a Braconidae. Nomina nuda (3): Foenus diadema Fabricius, nomen nudum for M. coronator (Fabricius); Stephanus curticauda Elliott, nomen nudum for M. curtus (Elliott); Stephanus frontalis Klug, nomen nudum, correspondent species unknown.

A checklist of the New World chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 211 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTHUR V. EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New World ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Incertae Sedis

A checklist and bibliography of the New World Melolonthinae are presented. As of 31 December 2002, the New World melolonthine fauna consists of 11 tribes, 122 genera, and 2,705 valid species, including 11 fossil species. The checklist is a synthesis of the tribal classifications of Blackwelder (1944), Britton (1978) and Evans (2002). Seven new combinations, eleven replacement names, and eight new synonymsare recognized. Thirteen varietal names were evalutated and determined to be subspecific in rank. The type species of 21 genera are here designated. Three genera and one species are listed as incertae sedis. Since the catalogs of Dalla Torre (1912, 1913) and Blackwelder (1944) two genera and two species have been removed from the New World Melolonthinae. Sericoides nossi Martínez, 1971 and Sericoides rechencqui Martínez, 1971 are nomina nuda.

The fossil record of Mesozoic and Tertiary Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera : Polyphaga)

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank-Thorsten Krell
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Stem Species ◽  
World Fauna ◽  
Critical Literature

Lack of characters, similarity of stem species of adelphotaxa and the necessity to know the extant world fauna of the studied group of fossils are the main difficulties in palaeontology of beetles. The paucity of characters of most of the fossils of supposed Scarabaeoidea prevents their inclusion in a reliable phylogenetic analysis. Only rarely can an autapomorphy of Scarabaeoidea be seen in a fossil classified as a member of this group. Therefore, the classification of Mesozoic and Tertiary fossils is often tentative. Based on a critical literature review of all recorded fossil Scarabaeoidea from the Mesozoic and Tertiary, the minimum age for families and/or subfamilies of this group is determined. An annotated catalogue of named fossils and ichnofossils of Scarabaeoidea and of their lagerstÄtten is given. 238 fossil species and subspecies of this group have been described, of which 27 are doubtful, eight already identified as belonging to other taxa, and two subspecies synonymised with extant taxa. 189 species and 12 ichnospecies probably or reliably belong to the Scarabaeoidea. Nomenclatural acts: Hongscarabaeus, nom. nov. for Proscarabaeus Hong, 1982 (nec Schrank, 1781); Onthophagus urusheeri, nom. nov. for Onthophagus urus Heer, 1847 (nec Ménétries, 1832); Aphodius anteactus, nom. nov. for Aphodius antiquus Heer, 1847 (nec Faldermann, 1835); Aphodius theobaldi, nom. nov. for Aphodius incertus Théobald, 1937 (nec Ballion, 1878); Anomala palaeobrunnea, nom. nov. for Anomala brunnea (Hong, 1985) (nec Klug, 1855); Eophyllocerus scrobiculatus Haupt, 1950 is designated as the type species of Eophyllocerus Haupt, 1950; Cangabola Lengerken, 1955 is a junior synonym of Coprinisphaera Sauer, 1955. ‘Mais en présence des Coléopt&egrave;res, sauf tr&egrave;s rares exeptions, tout spécialiste sérieux ne peut que se récuser’. R. Jeannel (1942: 191) on fossil faunas.

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