scholarly journals Bats of Alpi Marittime Nature Park (North West Italy) and Site of Community Importance IT1160056: distribution and status

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Toffoli ◽  
Paola Culasso ◽  
Andrea G. Locatelli ◽  
Luca Giraudo
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Alps ◽  
North West ◽  
Nyctalus Leisleri ◽  
Pipistrellus Pipistrellus ◽  
Myotis Myotis ◽  
Myotis Bechsteinii ◽  
Myotis Daubentonii ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Myotis Nattereri

A survey of bats was carried out at Alpi Marittime Nature Park and more generally within Site of Community Importance (SIC) IT1160056 from April 1991 to January 2015, using different techniques such as: mist-netting, acoustic sampling and roost surveys. Twenty-one species of bats were detected (<em>Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus hipposideros, Myotis bechsteinii, Myotis daubentonii, Myotis emarginatus, Myotis myotis, Myotis mystacinus, Myotis nattereri, Myotis oxygnathus, Pipistrellus kuhlii, Pipistrellus nathusii, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus pygmaeus, Nyctalus leisleri, Hypsugo savii, Eptesicus nilssonii, Eptesicus serotinus, Barbastella barbastellus, Plecotus auritus, Plecotus macrobullaris, Tadarida teniotis</em>). Species diversity is higher in this area than in other Alpine protected areas of a similar size. Records of <em>E. nilssonii</em>, <em>P. pygmaeu</em>s and <em>P.</em> <em>macrobullaris</em> in the study area contribute to the knowledge of the distribution of these species in Piedmont and more generally in Italy. In particular, thanks to records of <em>E.</em> <em>nilssonii</em>, its geographic range could be extended to the western part of the Alps whereas it previously seemed to be only present in the Central-Eastern Alps.

scholarly journals Evidence for pre-Pleistocene landforms in the Eastern Alps: Geomorphological constraints from the Gurktal Alps

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Bartosch ◽  
Kurt Stüwe
Keyword(s):  
Power Analysis ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Stream Power ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
North West ◽  
Surface Uplift ◽  
Geomorphological Map ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Channel Analysis ◽  
Geomorphological Evolution

AbstractWe present evidence for a series of pre-Pleistocene landforms on hand of a new geomorphological map for the Gurktal region of the Eastern Alps. The Gurktal Alps region is the westernmost region of the Eastern Alps that escaped the glacial reshaping in the Pleistocene. Its morphology therefore preserves evidence of older landforms in closer proximity to the central part of the range than any other region in the Alps. The region is therefore useful to document aspects of the geomorphological evolution for the Eastern Alps during both, the Pleistocene glaciations and the earlier uplift history. Our mapping approach is twofold. We applied stream-power analysis outside the glacially overprinted areas to detect and classify spatially distinct quasi-stable stream segments, which we expanded to planar objects using slope analysis combined with field mapping. Our mapping results document four palaeo-surfaces located roughly at about 1500 m, 1200 m, 900 m and about 800 m above sea level. We correlate these levels with well-known palaeo-surfaces from the eastern end of the Alps and suggest that they can be interpreted in terms of more than 1000 m of surface uplift in the last six million years. Channel analysis and the distribution of Pleistocene gravel terraces suggest that the main trunk of the river Gurk was diverted from the Wimitz valley in the Rissian. Furthermore, steam-power analysis documents an ongoing activity of the Görschitztal fault and some inferred Pleistocene activity of a north-west trending fault close to the township of Gurk.

scholarly journals Bats of the medieval Jeroným mine (western Bohemia, Czech Republic): results of a long-term monitoring in the hibernation and swarming periods (Chiroptera)

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-210
Author(s):  
Přemysl Tájek ◽  
Pavla Tájková ◽  
Luděk Bufka ◽  
Libor Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Western Bohemia ◽  
Myotis Bechsteinii ◽  
Myotis Daubentonii ◽  
Myotis Nattereri ◽  
Term Monitoring

The medieval mine of Jeroným (Jerome) is one of the most important bat localities known in western Bohemia. Ten bat species have been detected there, including Myotis emarginatus which is very rare in the western part of the Czech Republic. Numbers of wintering bats have been monitored since 1995 and show an upward trend there, even after the opening of a part of the mine to the public during summer (since 2014). The highest numbers of wintering bats correspond to unusually cold winters in 2017 (347 inds.) and 2013 (156 inds.). Mistnetting during the swarming period has been carried out annually since 2009. Numbers of netted bats have been decreasing, probably due to the existence of a new visitor centre built near the entrance to the underground. Species compositions recorded during the hibernation and swarming periods are very similar, but proportions of particular species are different. Myotis daubentonii, M. myotis and M. nattereri were the most abundant bat species during hibernation, while Myotis nattereri, M. daubentonii and Plecotus auritus during the swarming period. Swarming numbers of Myotis mystacinus and M. brandtii have been growing in the last several years. Myotis bechsteinii was detected repeatedly, while Eptesicus nilssonii and Myotis emarginatus (wintering) and Nyctalus noctula (swarming) only once each. The swarming activity of bats was highest 2.5–5.5 hours after sunset. In total, 436 bats were ringed, about 6% of them were recaptured at the site. Some of the ringed bats were recorded at other localities, Myotis myotis at distances up to 39 km, and M. nattereri up to 21 km.

Şura Mare cave (Romania) - the most important known hibernating roost for Pipistrellus pygmaeus Leach, 1825 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dumitru Murariu ◽  
Victor Gheorghiu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Rhinolophus Ferrumequinum ◽  
Pipistrellus Pipistrellus ◽  
Myotis Myotis ◽  
European Union Legislation ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Prevalent Species

Şura Mare cave (Romania) - the most important known hibernating roost for Pipistrellus pygmaeus Leach, 1825 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) The Sura Mare cave from Romania is one of the largest roost for hibernating colonies of bats with more than 40,000 individuals. Pipistrellus pipistrellus and P. pygmaeus are prevalent species with more than 34,000 individuals in mixed colonies. Other 6 bat species are less represented (e.g. Rhinolophus ferrumequinum only 500 individuals) but Miniopterus schreibersii's colony counts 3,500 individuals. From the total of 8 identified bat species, 5 are a priority according to the European Union legislation: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Myotis myotis, M. oxygnathus, Barbastella barbastellus and Miniopterus schreibersii.

Microseismicity in the Eastern Alps: Preliminary Results From the Swath-D Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rens Hofman ◽  
Joern Kummerow ◽  
Simone Cesca ◽  
Joachim Wassermann ◽  
Thomas Plenefisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Data ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Network Methods ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Geophysical Processes ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Mountain Belts ◽  
Surrounding Areas

&lt;p&gt;The AlpArray seismological experiment is an international and interdisciplinary project to advance our understanding of geophysical processes in the greater Alpine region. The heart of the project consists of a large seismological array that covers the mountain range and its surrounding areas. To understand how the Alps and their neighbouring mountain belts evolved through time, we can only study its current structure and processes. The Eastern Alps are of prime interest since they currently demonstrate the highest crustal deformation rates. A key question is how these surface processes are linked to deeper structures. The Swath-D network is an array of temporary seismological stations complementary to the AlpArray network located in the Eastern Alps. This creates a unique opportunity to investigate high resolution seismicity on a local scale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this study, a combination of waveform-based detection methods was used to find small earthquakes in the large data volume of the Swath-D network. Methods were developed to locate the seismic events using semi-automatic picks, and estimate event magnitudes. We present an overview of the methods and workflow, as well as a preliminary overview of the seismicity in the Eastern Alps.&lt;/p&gt;

Review of the Incurvaria vetulella species-group in the Alps (Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Huemer
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Southwestern Alps

AbstractHuemer, P.: Review of the Incurvaria vetulella species-group in the Alps (Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae). Ent. scand. 24: 109-120. Copenhagen, Denmark. April 1993. ISSN 0013-8711. The Incurvaria vetulella species-group in the Alps is defined and reviewed. The following species are recognized: vetulella (Zetterstedt, 1839) (eastern Alps), triglavensis Hauder, 1912 stat. n. (southeastern Alps) and ploessli sp. n. (southwestern Alps). All species are described and/or redefined and adults, male and female genitalia are illustrated. Furthermore, Scandinavian specimens of vetulella and circulella (Zetterstedt, 1839) are illustrated for comparison. The considerable external variation between various alpine populations of vetulella is discussed and regarded as infraspecific. A lectotype of triglavensis is designated.

scholarly journals Environmental factors as drivers for macroinvertebrate and diatom diversity in Alpine lakes: New insights from the Stelvio National Park (Italy)

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Boggero ◽  
Silvia Zaupa ◽  
Simona Musazzi ◽  
Michela Rogora ◽  
Elzbieta Dumnicka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
National Park ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Alpine Lakes ◽  
High Altitude Lakes ◽  
The Alps

Information on the biodiversity of high altitude lakes in the Stelvio National Park was scarce and fragmentary, in most cases limited to a few studies on a single biological issue. To fill this gap, a multidisciplinary research program was established in 2011 to investigate macroinvertebrates, diatoms, and water chemistry in 8 high altitude lakes within the boundaries of the Park (Rhaetian Alps, Eastern Alps). The results of this study were compared with data on biological assemblages and chemical parameters of Alpine lakes in the Pennine-Lepontine Alps (Western Alps), to evaluate the role of local drivers with respect to regional ones. This comparison was possible thanks to the adoption of standardized sampling methodologies developed since the ’90s by the National Research Council-Water Research Institute (Verbania), in collaboration with several European Research centers. Despite located in a restricted geographical area, the lakes of the Stelvio National Park showed a high variability of chemical composition, and of sensitivity to acidification, lower than that of the Pennine-Lepontine Alpine lakes. Macroinvertebrate and diatom taxa were ubiquitous and frequent along the Alps, and mainly represented by cold-stenothermal species. Richness, Shannon, Simpson, and Pielou indices applied to phyto- and zoobenthos highlighted significantly lower values in Stelvio National Park lakes than in those of Pennine-Lepontine for macroinvertebrates, while no significant differences were found for diatoms. Two groups of lakes were identified by Cluster Analysis, mainly on the basis of major ion concentrations. Canonical Correspondence Analysis showed that the macroinvertebrate assemblage of the lakes studied is driven mainly by altitude and lake surface, and, to a lesser extent, by nutrient content. On the contrary, pH and acid-related variables played a secondary role for diatoms, while nutrients and, more in general, ionic content had significant effects on their species composition. Overall, the results of this first investigation showed that the high elevation of these lakes affects their macroinvertebrate assemblages, while their diatom communities are comparable throughout the Alps.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal modelling of lightning climatologies for complex terrain

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Simon ◽  
Nikolaus Umlauf ◽  
Achim Zeileis ◽  
Georg J. Mayr ◽  
Wolfgang Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Terrain ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Spatial Effect ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Altitude Effect ◽  
North West

Abstract. This study develops methods for estimating lightning climatologies on the day−1 km−2 scale for regions with complex terrain and applies them to summertime observations (2010–2015) of the lightning location system ALDIS in the Austrian state of Carinthia in the Eastern Alps. Generalized additive models (GAMs) are used to model both the probability of occurrence and the intensity of lightning. Additive effects are set up for altitude, day of the year (season) and geographical location (longitude/latitude). The performance of the models is verified by 6-fold cross-validation. The altitude effect of the occurrence model suggests higher probabilities of lightning for locations on higher elevations. The seasonal effect peaks in mid-July. The spatial effect models several local features, but there is a pronounced minimum in the north-west and a clear maximum in the eastern part of Carinthia. The estimated effects of the intensity model reveal similar features, though they are not equal. The main difference is that the spatial effect varies more strongly than the analogous effect of the occurrence model. A major asset of the introduced method is that the resulting climatological information varies smoothly over space, time and altitude. Thus, the climatology is capable of serving as a useful tool in quantitative applications, i.e. risk assessment and weather prediction.

Prevalence and phenology of white-nose syndrome fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans in bats from Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Sachanowicz ◽  
Arkadiusz Stępień ◽  
Mateusz Ciechanowski
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Mass Mortality ◽  
Parasitic Fungus ◽  
Pseudogymnoascus Destructans ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
White Nose Syndrome ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Myotis Myotis ◽  
Myotis Daubentonii ◽  
Fungal Dna

AbstractPseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), a parasitic fungus (being responsible for a disease known as white-nose syndrome, WNS) that caused mass mortality of cave-dwelling, hibernating bats in North America, appears to be native of Europe, where it also occurs on wintering bats, but no similar outbreaks of WNS have been recorded. Herein, we provide the first account on prevalence and phenology of P. destructans in Poland. Bats were counted once per month, from October or January to May (2010-2013), in an abandoned ore mine in southern Poland. Presence of P. destructans in two samples was confirmed by sequencing of isolated fungal DNA. Observations of phenotypically identical mycosis on bats hibernating at this site in March 2006 are likely to be the first known records of P. destructans from Poland. All Pd-suspected individuals were Myotis myotis with an exception of one Myotis daubentonii. The first Pd-suspected bats were noted in mid-February, but their number was the highest in March, what overlapped with maximum numbers of hibernating M. myotis. The prevalence in March was 7%–27% of M. myotis individuals. No mass mortality of bats was observed in the mine, with only three dead individuals found in the hibernaculum which hosted up to 130 bats, representing 6–7 species.

scholarly journals Glaciation's topographic control on Holocene erosion at the eastern edge of the Alps

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 895-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean L. Dixon ◽  
Friedhelm von Blanckenburg ◽  
Kurt Stüwe ◽  
Marcus Christl
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Alps ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Glacial Erosion ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Glacial Processes ◽  
Cosmogenic 10Be ◽  
Topographic Forcing ◽  
Eastern Edge

Abstract. What is the influence of glacial processes in driving erosion and uplift across the European Alps? It has largely been argued that repeated erosion and glaciation sustain isostatic uplift and topography in a decaying orogen. But some parts of the Alps may still be actively uplifting via deep lithospheric processes. We add insight to this debate by isolating the role of post-glacial topographic forcing on erosion rates. To do this, we quantify the topographic signature of past glaciation on millennial-scale erosion rates in previously glaciated and unglaciated catchments at the easternmost edge of the Austrian Alps. Newly measured catchment-wide erosion rates, determined from cosmogenic 10Be in river-borne quartz, correlate with basin relief and mean slope. GIS-derived slope–elevation and slope–area distributions across catchments provide clear topographic indicators of the degree of glacial preconditioning, which further correlates with erosion rates. Erosion rates in the easternmost, non-glaciated basins range from 40 to 150 mm ky−1 and likely reflect underlying tectonic forcings in this region, which have previously been attributed to recent (post 5 Ma) uplift. By contrast, erosion rates in previously glaciated catchments range from 170 to 240 mm ky−1 and reflect the erosional response to local topographic preconditioning by repeated glaciations. Together, these data suggest that Holocene erosion across the Eastern Alps is strongly shaped by the local topography relict from previous glaciations. Broader, landscape-wide forcings, such as the widely debated deep mantle-driven or isostatically driven uplift, result in lesser controls on both topography and erosion rates in this region. Comparing our data to previously published erosion rates across the Alps, we show that post-glacial erosion rates vary across more than 2 orders of magnitude. This high variation in post-glacial erosion may reflect combined effects of direct tectonic and modern climatic forcings but is strongly overprinted by past glacial climate and its topographic legacy.

No polarity switch? Continental subduction of European crust below the Eastern Alps imaged by receiver functions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Mroczek ◽  
Frederik Tilmann ◽  
Xiaohui Yuan ◽  
Jan Pleuger ◽  
Ben Heit
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Function ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Receiver Functions ◽  
Opposite Polarity ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Teleseismic Tomography ◽  
Minimum Depth ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Receiver Function Method

&lt;p&gt;In the Eastern Alps, teleseismic tomography suggests that there is a switch from European subduction in the west to Adriatic subduction in the east. The dense SWATH-D seismic network is located in the central-eastern Alps between around 10&amp;#176;E and 14.5&amp;#176;E where a change in the dip direction was suggested to occur (e.g. Lippitsch et al. 2003; Mitterbauer et al. 2011). The receiver function method is particularly sensitive to velocity contrasts and so is suited to imaging the interfaces associated with subduction. New receiver function migrations from SWATH-D stations (supplemented by the AlpArray Seismic Network and the EASI profile) show no evidence for Adriatic subduction in the Eastern Alps. Instead, a southward dipping interface [or pair of interfaces with opposite polarity] which we interpreted as subducting&amp;#160; European lower crust can be traced below the Eastern Alps to a minimum depth of 120 km along the extent of SWATH-D. This suggests that in the Alps the polarity flip in subduction does not occur or is located east of our study region beyond 14.25&amp;#176;E, much further east than tomography suggests.&lt;/p&gt;

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