scholarly journals Anxiety and depression in adolescents with asthma and in their parents. Is an increased basal cholinergic tone a possible further reason to explain the negative impact on asthma control?

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennaro Liccardi ◽  
Luigino Calzetta ◽  
Manlio Milanese ◽  
Maria Beatrice Bilò ◽  
Maria Vittoria Liccardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cholinergic Tone ◽  
Excellent Article

To the Editor We read with interest the excellent article of Licari et al.  reporting that anxiety and depression are common in adolescents suffering from asthma as well as in their parents, mainly in mothers. The consequence of this relationship is that emotional disorders might negatively affect also the control of asthma.

scholarly journals Long-term change in health-related quality of life in patients with asthma

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 708-714
Author(s):  
N. L. Perel’man ◽  
V. P. Kolosov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
The Social ◽  
Activity Domain

The aim of this study was to investigate long-term change in health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with asthma in real clinical practice and in relation to emotional disorders, cooperativeness (cooperation between the patient and the physician, and adherence to treatment), and cold air-provoked bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR).Methods. This observational study involved 32 patients with mild to moderate asthma. The study duration was 7.5 to 10 years. HRQL was assessed using SF-36 questionnaire and Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ); emotional disorders were diagnosed using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Patients’ cooperativeness assessment was based on number of a patient’s scheduled visits to a physician during the study. The asthma control level was evaluated using the Asthma Control Test (ACT).Results. A significant worsening was found in the social activity domain of HRQL in the total group of the patients. According to AQLQ, a significant improvement was seen in the activity and symptoms domains and in the total score of quality of life (QoL). Long-term pharmacological treatment of asthma decreased anxiety and depression levels. The asthma control (ACT score) increased from 13.2 ± 1.0 to 19.7 ± 1.1 (р = 0.00003). Anxiety and depression decreased in patients with high cooperativeness during the long-term follow-up, while the total QoL and the specific QoL were unchanged excluding the social activity domain. A significant worsening in the activity scale and in the emotional scale of specific QoL together with growing depression and decreasing control of asthma were found in patients with lower cooperativeness. The cold air-provoked BNR slowed down the long-term improvement in the social activity domain. The cold air-provoked BNR also decreased patient-reported evaluation of daily activity.Conclusion. The long-term basic therapy of asthma provides a positive trend in HRQL in the real clinical practice independently on worsening of the disease. Lower cooperativeness of a patient could decrease specific QoL, which, in turn, worsens the control of asthma and contributes to negative emotional background and destructive behavior.

scholarly journals Lower levels of directed exploration and reflective thinking are associated with greater anxiety and depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Smith ◽  
Samuel Taylor ◽  
Robert C Wilson ◽  
Annie E. Chuning ◽  
Michelle Persich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Ambiguity Aversion ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Information Seeking Behavior ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Reflective Cognition

Anxiety and depression are often associated with strong beliefs that entering specific situations will lead to aversive outcomes – even when these situations are objectively safe and avoiding them reduces well-being. A possible mechanism underlying this maladaptive avoidance behavior is a failure to reflect on: 1) appropriate levels of uncertainty about the situation, and 2) how this uncertainty could be reduced by seeking further information (i.e., exploration). To test this hypothesis, we asked a community sample of 417 individuals to complete measures of reflective cognition, exploration, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Consistent with our hypotheses, we found significant associations between each of these measures in expected directions (i.e., positive relationships between reflective cognition and strategic information-seeking behavior or “directed exploration”, and negative relationships between these measures and anxiety/depression symptoms). Further analyses suggested that the relationship between directed exploration and depression/anxiety was due to an ambiguity aversion promoting exploration in conditions where information-seeking was not beneficial (as opposed to under-exploration when more information would aid future choices). In contrast, reflectiveness was associated with greater exploration in appropriate settings and separately accounted for differences in reaction times, decision noise, and choice accuracy in expected directions. These results shed light on the mechanisms underlying information-seeking behavior and how they may contribute to symptoms of emotional disorders. They also highlight the possibility that reflectiveness and exploration could represent novel treatment targets for those who show low levels of these tendencies – consistent with the need to develop individualized precision medicine approaches within computational psychiatry.

Abstract TMP48: Effect of Pre-Morbid Antianxiety and Antidepressant Medications on Ischemic Stroke Functional Outcome

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Peterson ◽  
Ka-Ho Wong ◽  
Michael Dela Cruz ◽  
Kirby Taylor ◽  
Jennifer J Majersik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Antidepressant Medications

Introduction: Antianxiety and antidepressant medications have shown some neuroprotective effects following stroke. However, the effect of premorbid use of these medications remains unclear. Hypothesis: Pre-morbid exposure to antianxiety or antidepressant medications will negatively impact recovery from acute ischemic stroke, measured by modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 90 days after stroke onset. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the Albumin in Acute Ischemic Stroke (ALIAS) 2 trial. The primary outcome is 90-day mRS 0-1. The exposure is premorbid antidepressant or antianxiety medication. We fit univariate and multivariate logistic regression models to our outcome, with covariates chosen using a stepwise backwards interactive selection. Results: We included 806 patients with a mean (SD) age of 64.4 (12.8) years. The median (IQR) NIH Stroke Scale was 11 (8, 17) and 54.3% were male, 75.6% were Caucasian, 88.8% received tPA, 72.5% had hypertension, and 20.3% had diabetes. A total of 140/806 (17.4%) of patients took either an antidepressant or antianxiety medication, of which 91 took an antidepressant, 34 took an antianxiety medication, and 15 took both. The median (IQR) mRS Scale was one point higher in patients on antidepressant or antianxiety medication pre-stroke (3 vs. 2, p=0.019). The primary outcome of mRS 0-1 was seen in 37.7% of all patients. Taking an antidepressant or antianxiety medication was associated with lower odds of a good outcome in univariate (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.41-0.91, p=0.015) and multivariate models (aOR 0.62, 95% CI 0.40-0.95, p=0.027) (Table 1). Conclusion: Pre-morbid exposure to antianxiety or antidepressant medications is associated with a worse outcome after acute ischemic stroke. This may be due to a negative impact of pre-stroke anxiety and depression that outweigh any neuroprotective factors of these medications.

Psychometric properties of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale in Greek Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910452110565
Author(s):  
Ioanna Giannopoulou ◽  
Evdokia Pasalari ◽  
Paraskevi Bali ◽  
Dimitra Grammatikaki ◽  
Panagiotis Ferentinos
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity

The psychometric properties of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-47) are established cross-culturally but lacking for the Greek population. The present study examined RCADS internal consistency and validity (structural and concurrent) in Greek adolescents, and tested measurement invariance across sex and age groups. We recruited 619 secondary school students ( n = 321 females), aged 12–18 years ( n = 318, 12–14-year-olds). Besides RCADS, all students completed Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), a subsample ( n = 300) completed Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), whereas a non-overlapping subsample ( n = 219) completed Depression Self-Rating Scale (DSRS). Structural validity was examined with Confirmatory Factor Analysis and measurement invariance was assessed with Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) modeling. Convergent and divergent validity were examined using Spearman correlations between RCADS subscales and DSRS, SCARED, and SDQ validators. The six-factor model fitted the data best, validating the originally proposed RCADS structure. Three items displayed differential item functioning for sex, another three for age group, and one item for both, albeit with trivial effect sizes ( d < 0.2). Cronbach’s alpha was .94. Convergent and divergent validity were also established. In conclusion, the RCADS is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing anxiety and depression symptoms in Greek adolescents.

scholarly journals The Inhibitory Effects of Slow-Releasing Hydrogen Sulfide Donors in the Mechanical Allodynia, Grip Strength Deficits, and Depressive-Like Behaviors Associated with Chronic Osteoarthritis Pain

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Batallé ◽  
Laura Cabarga ◽  
Olga Pol
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Mechanical Allodynia ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Allyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Phenyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Osteoarthritis Pain

Osteoarthritis and its associated comorbidities are important clinical problems that have a negative impact on the quality of life, and its treatment remains unresolved. We investigated whether the systemic administration of slow-releasing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donors, allyl isothiocyanate (A-ITC) and phenyl isothiocyanate (P-ITC), alleviates chronic osteoarthritis pain and the associated emotional disorders. In C57BL/6 female mice with osteoarthritis pain induced by the intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate, we evaluated the effects of repeated administration of A-ITC and P-ITC on the (i) mechanical allodynia and grip strength deficits; (ii) emotional conducts; and (iii) glial activity and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), and antioxidant enzymes (heme oxygenase 1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1, glutathione S-transferase mu 1 and alpha 1) in the hippocampus. The administration of A-ITC and P-ITC inhibited the mechanical allodynia, the grip strength deficits, and the depressive-like behaviors accompanying osteoarthritis. Both treatments inhibited microglial activation, normalized the upregulation of NOS2 and PI3K/p-Akt, and maintained high levels of antioxidant/detoxificant enzymes in the hippocampus. Data suggest that treatment with low doses of slow-releasing H2S donors might be an interesting strategy for the treatment of nociception, functional disability, and emotional disorders associated with osteoarthritis pain.

Comorbidity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristal Oxley ◽  
Argyris Stringaris
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Nosological Entity ◽  
Comorbid Adhd ◽  
Shared Risk

Anxiety and depression often co-occur in children with ADHD and this comorbidity can also occur across the lifespan. Such comorbidity is associated with adverse outcomes across several domains. The origin of the overlap between these disorders is discussed, including the role of shared risk factors such as common genes, environmental factors, potential association with a third disorder, or as a separate nosological entity. Abnormalities in neurochemistry and findings from imaging studies are discussed. Key components of clinical assessment are discussed together with differential diagnoses, including challenges that clinicians may encounter. Treatment approaches for comorbid ADHD with emotional disorders are outlined.

scholarly journals Anxiety and depression in asthmatic children: impact on asthma control

QJM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Deraz ◽  
M Morsy ◽  
W Youssef ◽  
B Ezz
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Asthmatic Children
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