scholarly journals The relaxation effect of prolonged expiratory breathing

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruhisa Komori
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Spontaneous Breathing ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Autonomic Nervous Activity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Nervous Function ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Mind

This study was performed to confirm that autonomic nervous activity is affected by breathing speed. I hypothesized that prolonged expiratory breathing would promote parasympathetic dominance, whereas rapid breathing would promote sympathetic dominance. Ten healthy men, ages 21–28 years old, were instructed to perform prolonged expiratory breathing (6 seconds expiration, 4 seconds inspiration) after spontaneous breathing and rapid breathing (1 second expiration, 1 second inspiration) after spontaneous breathing; changes in high frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF)/HF of heart rate variability (HRV) were measured during each type of breathing. During prolonged expiratory breathing, parasympathetic nervous function was significantly activated. Conversely, during rapid breathing, parasympathetic nervous function was significantly suppressed. The HRV method assessing sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation in this study is an indirect, non-invasive method with clear limitations. The use of additional techniques should be considered to clarify the relationships between the breathing speed and the mind.

scholarly journals The relaxation effect of prolonged expiratory breathing

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
Teruhisa Komori
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Spontaneous Breathing ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Autonomic Nervous Activity ◽  
Noninvasive Method ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Nervous Function ◽  
The Mind

This study was performed to confirm that autonomic nervous activity is affected by breathing speed. I hypothesized that prolonged expiratory breathing would promote parasympathetic dominance, whereas rapid breathing would promote sympathetic dominance. Ten healthy men, ages 21-28 years old, were instructed to perform prolonged expiratory breathing (6 seconds expiration, 4 seconds inspiration) after spontaneous breathing and rapid breathing (1 second expiration, 1 second inspiration) after spontaneous breathing; changes in high frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF)/HF of heart rate variability (HRV) were measured during each type of breathing. During prolonged expiratory breathing, parasympathetic nervous function was significantly activated. Conversely, during rapid breathing, parasympathetic nervous function was significantly suppressed. The HRV method assessing sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation in this study is an indirect, noninvasive method with clear limitations. The use of additional techniques should be considered to clarify the relationships between the breathing speed and the mind.

Atropine-Induced HRV Alteration is Not Amended by Electroacupuncture on Zusanli

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (02) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Hsien Chang ◽  
Jin-Long Huang ◽  
Chih-Tai Ting ◽  
Chi-Sen Chang ◽  
Gran-Hum Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Autonomic Nervous Activity ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Vagal Pathway

Acupuncture is known to influence autonomic nervous activity. Acupuncture on Zusanli points has been shown to enhance the regularity of gastric myoelectrical activity and accelerate gastric emptying, partly through the vagal pathway, in dogs. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether atropine-induced autonomic nervous alteration, measured by heart rate variability (HRV), could be amended by electroacupuncture on Zusanli points. HRV measurements were recorded in 15 healthy volunteers before, during and after electroacupuncture. Each subject was studied for three sessions in a randomized sequence, which included electroacupuncture on the Zusanli (St 36) points with or without premedication of atropine and placebo stimulation on a non-acupoint. The analysis of low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and LF/HF ratios were compared between different sessions. Serum levels of gastrin, motilin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) levels were also measured. There was an increase in the LF/HF ratio (indicating increased sympathetic activity) during the post-acupuncture period with 2 Hz of electrical stimulation on the Zusanli acupoints. When IV atropine was used immediately before the electroacupuncture, there was a decrease in the LF power and HF power during the acupuncture and post-acupuncture periods. In addition, there was a significant increase in the LF/HF ratio during the acupuncture and post-acupuncture periods. There was a significant decrease in serum PP in the post-acupuncture period after premedication with IV atropine. In conclusion, atropine-induced HRV change might be mediated via the vagal pathway. However, atropine-induced HRV alteration is not amended by electroacupuncture on Zusanli points.

scholarly journals Extreme prolongation of expiration breathing: Effects on electroencephalogram and autonomic nervous function

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Teruhisa Komori
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Ratio ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
High Frequency Component ◽  
Deep Breathing ◽  
Continuous Eeg ◽  
Nervous Function ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

To clarify the physiological and psychological effects of deep breathing, the effects of extreme prolongation of expiration breathing (Okinaga) were investigated using electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG). Participants were five male Okinaga practitioners in their 50s and 60s. Participants performed Okinaga for 31 minutes while continuous EEG and ECG measurements were taken. After 16 minutes of Okinaga, and until the end of the session, the percentages of theta and alpha 2 waves were significantly higher than at baseline. After 20 minutes, and until the end of the session, the percentage of beta waves was significantly lower than at baseline. The high frequency component of heart rate variability was significantly lower after 12 minutes of Okinaga and lasted until 23 minutes. The low frequency/high frequency ratio was significantly lower after 18 minutes of Okinaga and until the end of the session. Okinaga produced relaxation, suggesting that deep breathing may relieve anxiety. However, study limitations include potential ambiguity in the interpretation of the low frequency/high frequency ratio, the small sample, and the fact that EEG was measured only on the forehead.

scholarly journals Extreme prolongation of expiration breathing: Effects on electroencephalogram and autonomic nervous function

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruhisa Komori
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Ratio ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
High Frequency Component ◽  
Deep Breathing ◽  
Continuous Eeg ◽  
Nervous Function ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

To clarify the physiological and psychological effects of deep breathing, the effects of extreme prolongation of expiration breathing (Okinaga) were investigated using electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG). Participants were five male Okinaga practitioners in their 50s and 60s. Participants performed Okinaga for 31 minutes while continuous EEG and ECG measurements were taken. After 16 minutes of Okinaga, and until the end of the session, the percentages of theta and alpha 2 waves were significantly higher than at baseline. After 20 minutes, and until the end of the session, the percentage of beta waves was significantly lower than at baseline. The high frequency component of heart rate variability was significantly lower after 12 minutes of Okinaga and lasted until 23 minutes. The low frequency/high frequency ratio was significantly lower after 18 minutes of Okinaga and until the end of the session. Okinaga produced relaxation, suggesting that deep breathing may relieve anxiety. However, study limitations include potential ambiguity in the interpretation of the low frequency/high frequency ratio, the small sample, and the fact that EEG was measured only on the forehead.

The Effect Of Non-invasive Gentle Skin Stimulation On Autonomic Nervous Activity After Aerobic Exercise

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Hoshikawa ◽  
Kenta Sawazaki ◽  
Daisuke Sato ◽  
Saori Yoshida ◽  
Tsukasa Miyamura
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Autonomic Nervous Activity ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Efficacy and acceptability of non-invasive brain stimulation for the treatment of adult unipolar and bipolar depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised sham-controlled trials

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Mutz ◽  
Daniel R. Edgcumbe ◽  
Andre R. Brunoni ◽  
Cynthia H.Y. Fu
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Female Response ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Left Dlpfc ◽  
Severity Scores

AbstractWe examined the efficacy and acceptability of non-invasive brain stimulation in adult unipolar and bipolar depression. Randomised sham-controlled trials of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and theta-burst stimulation (TBS), without co-initiation of another treatment, were included. We analysed response, remission and all-cause discontinuation rates, and depression severity scores. Fifty-four studies were included (N = 2,959, mean age = 44.94 years, 61.98% female). Response rates demonstrated efficacy of high-frequency rTMS over the left DLPFC (OR = 3.94, 95% CI [2.52; 6.15]), right-sided low-frequency rTMS (OR = 7.44, 95% CI [2.06; 26.83]) bilateral rTMS (OR = 3.68, 95% CI [1.66; 8.13]), deep TMS (OR = 1.69, 95% CI [1.003; 2.85]), intermittent TBS (OR = 4.70, 95% CI [1.14; 19.38]) and tDCS (OR = 4.32, 95% CI [2.02; 9.29]); but not for continuous TBS, bilateral TBS or synchronised TMS. There were no differences in all-cause discontinuation rates. The strongest evidence was for high-frequency rTMS over the left DLPFC. Intermittent TBS provides an advance in terms of reduced treatment duration. tDCS is a potential treatment for non-resistant depression.

scholarly journals Mozart's and Bach's music yielded little relaxation effect as indicated HR, BP, and autonomic nervous activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Hoshi ◽  
Hongxia Yang ◽  
Xinru Sun ◽  
Hiromasa Tanno ◽  
Emi Kanno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Autonomic Nervous Activity ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF DIFFERENT PROTOCOLS OF HIGH-FREQUENCY RHYTHMIC TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
I.S. Bakulin ◽  
A.G. Poydasheva ◽  
D.Yu. Lagoda ◽  
K.M. Evdokimov ◽  
A.Kh. Zabirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Facial Muscle ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Mood Changes ◽  
Invasive Method

Rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive method for brain stimulation, widely used in the treatment of various diseases and in research. In this regard, the problems of rTMS safety and tolerability are becoming especially relevant. Most studies describe only serious side effects of rTMS, which, in fact, are extremely rare. Other side effects which affect rTMS tolerability have been studied to a much lesser extent. The objective of the study is to examine all side effects which occur during and after rTMS sessions through prospective open observation of patients and healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods. Using standardized questionnaires, the authors analyzed the incidence of side effects during high-frequency rTMS and within 24 hours after the procedure in 51 patients with various diseases of the nervous system and in 11 healthy volunteers. Results. The overall frequency of side effects was 59.5 % during stimulation and 50.2 % within 24 hours after the procedure. Serious side effects, which led to cessation of stimulation were recorded in 5 % of cases (n=3). They were associated with the syncope development (n=1) and severe headache (n=2). During rTMS, the most frequent manifestations of side effects were drowsiness (30.4 %), headache (25.8 %) and facial muscle contraction (14.7 %). Twenty-four hours after rTMS the most common manifestations were headache (15.7 %), mood changes (10.2 %) and mental alertness problems (9.4 %). It was found out, that headache was statistically more frequent at the beginning of the rTMS course. During rTMS, headache is often not so heavy and it is usually throbbing. However, within 24 hours after stimulation headache is usually moderate, pressing or dull. Conclusion. The obtained data confirm the importance of using standardized questionnaires for studying side effects and developing methods for their prevention and relief. Keywords: transcranial magnetic stimulation, non-invasive brain stimulation, safety, tolerance, side effects, headache, syncope.

ASSESSMENT OF PARASYMPATHETIC CONTROL OF BLOOD VESSEL BY PULSATION SPECTRUM AND COMPARISON WITH SPECTRAL METHOD OF RR INTERVALS

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
CHANG-WEI HSIEH ◽  
CHI-WU MAO ◽  
MING-SHING YOUNG ◽  
TZUNG-LIEH YEH
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Method ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Spectrum Method ◽  
Pulsation Spectrum ◽  
Parasympathetic Control

A new pulse spectrum method of assessing autonomic function was examined in a pharmacological experiment on eight healthy volunteers. The pulse pressure data is obtained under control condition and in parasympathetic blocked by atropine. Compared with the spectral method of heart rate variability (HRV), which is wide-spreading in laboratory studies and clinical diagnosis nowadays, the method of pulsation spectrum provides a new and direct view to assess parasympathetic control. As can be seen from the results, the high frequency of pulsation harmonics are reduced by the parasympathetic blocked, and on the contrary, low frequency component increased. By the analysis of linear regression, the pulsation spectrum method indicates more correlations with atropine doses. We anticipate that the non-invasive assessment of short-term autonomic function will come to be performed more reliably and conveniently by using this method.

scholarly journals Medicine detection with Low Frequency Electromagnetic Signals

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
New Method ◽  
Pain Reliever ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Reliever Medication ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Electromagnetic Signals ◽  
Magnet Resonance

This paper presents a new, non-invasive method to detect molecular structures inside materials . There have been different methods to detect molecular structures such as Chromatography, Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnet Resonance. A brief description of these methods is presented and how they are used. Then the new method is presented using an apparatus emitting low frequency electromagnetic signals. This paper presents how the frequencies are found, that are used to detect molecular structures. The method was applied for finding the frequencies of four pain-reliever medication. Discussion follows on the results. Conclusions are drawn and further work is proposed

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document