scholarly journals MEDICINAL PLANTS AND HEALTH IN HUMAN HISTORY: FROM EMPIRICAL USE TO MODERN PHYTOTHERAPY

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Miraldi ◽  
Giulia Baini
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
World Population ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

Phytotherapy is the science that deals with the treatment and prevention of diseases through medicinal plants and herbal products. The use of herbs as medicine is the oldest form of healthcare known to humanity and has been used in all cultures throughout history. It is known that even today over 80% of the world population depends on herbal medicines. The quality of herbal medicines is believed to be directly related to its active principles, but herbal medicines can be variable in their composition. Therefore, it is necessary to use an extract that is well defined in its chemical composition and in the quantity of specific active principles; and actually, to obtain constant efficacy and safety, standardized medicinal plant extracts are being used. Clinically confirmed efficacy and best tolerability and safety of standardized or quantified medicinal plant extracts are the key for a successful phytotherapic approach.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plant Extracts

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 838
Author(s):  
Laura Grațiela Vicaș ◽  
Mariana Eugenia Mureșan
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

The therapeutic benefits of medicinal plants are well known and have been collected as important data on ethnomedicine [...]

scholarly journals Medicinal plant extracts on the control of Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.S. Barbosa ◽  
G.L.D. Leite ◽  
E.R. Martins ◽  
V.A. D'avila ◽  
V.M Cerqueira
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Diabrotica Speciosa ◽  
Artemisia Verlotorum

The aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal effect of aqueous, alcoholic, and oil extracts from leaves of eight medicinal plants against Diabrotica speciosa prepared at five concentrations. The extracts that used commercial soybean oil as solvent showed the highest D. speciosa mortality due to the solvent itself, regardless of the used plants and their concentrations. Thus, commercial soybean oil was discarded as solvent since at these volumes it would cause serious phytotoxicity problems. After 24 hours of exposure of the pest to the extracts, the highest D. speciosa mortality values were observed for Copaifera langsdorfii and Chenopodium ambrosioides extracts, both in 5% alcohol, and Artemisia verlotorum, in 10% water. However, in the last mortality assessment (48 h), C. langsdorfii extract in 5% alcohol showed higher mortality of this pest, followed by C. ambrosioides extract in 5% alcohol, compared to the remaining plants.

scholarly journals Herbal Medicines and Infectious Diseases: Characterization by LC-SPE-NMR of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts Used against Malaria

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 1139-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Jiang Xu ◽  
Rica Capistrano ◽  
Liene Dhooghe ◽  
Kenn Foubert ◽  
Filip Lemière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

scholarly journals An overview of the effects of antibiotics and medicinal plant extracts on the human microflora

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Mohamed Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Normal Flora ◽  
Microbial Ecosystem ◽  
Knowing How ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

The biological interactions of the microflora in the human body are essential to maintain the somatic eco-physiological balance. Antibiotics, which are considered as a panacea against pathogens without knowing how it influences the microflora, could create a disease by disturbing the microbial ecosystem of the human body and develop new generations of antibiotics resistant pathogens. Medicinal plants could get rid the pathogens and also maintain the normal flora. There is a necessity to preserve the micoflora ecosystem, by means different approaches such as support the antibiotic treatment with some renovated compounds like natural medicinal compounds or probiotics, more comprehensive studies in this issue are badly needed.

Quantitative NMR: An Applicable Method for Quantitative Analysis of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Herbal Products

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 689-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddheshwar K. Chauthe ◽  
Ram Jee Sharma ◽  
Farrukh Aqil ◽  
Ramesh C. Gupta ◽  
Inder Pal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Quantitative Nmr ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

scholarly journals Toxicity of brazilian medicinal plant extracts on Macrobrachium amazonicum

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Tainára Cunha Gemaque ◽  
Sérgio Rodrigues Da Silva ◽  
Daniele Salgueiro De Melo ◽  
Daniel Pereira Da Costa ◽  
Kleber Campos Miranda Filho
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Macrobrachium Amazonicum ◽  
The Media ◽  
Arrabidaea Chica ◽  
Croton Cajucara

Medicinal plants from Amazon have been commercialized for decades, but few scientific studies prove their effectiveness and safety in use in aquaculture activities. The objective of the present study was to use the Amazon river prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum to predict the toxicity of the natural extracts of nine medicinal plants viz pariri Arrabidaea chica, muirapuama Ptychopetalum olacoides, anauerá Licania macrophylla, barbatimão Ouratea hexasperma, faveira Vatairea guianensis, sacaca Croton cajucara, jacareúba Calophyllum brasilliense, pau d’arco Tabebuia sp. and verônica Dalbergia subcymosa, in concentrations of 1, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 µg/mL. The media was prepared in 0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) diluted with water. Ten post-larvae (0.5 ± 0.1 g) were added to each triplicate and, after 24 h, the mortalities were evaluated, with the results of median lethal concentration expressed as LC50-24h using the Probit statistical method. To obtain the concentrations of a common bioactive compound of plant extracts, the concentrations of flavonoids were analyzed using a methodology based on the formation of chromophores. The results of acute toxicity indicate variability in the toxic effects of medicinal plants, taking into account the concentration of total flavonoids, with the least toxic Tabebuia sp. (LC50 = 758.31 µg/mL) and the most toxic C. cajucara and V. guianensis (LC50 = 72.16 and 75.23 µg/mL), respectively. The extracts demonstrated lethality against M. amazonicum, which predicts toxicity and warns of its use them as herbal medicines. More studies must be carried out to determine other bioactive compounds in the plant extracts used since there is an unparalleled availability of chemical diversity.

scholarly journals Towards Advances in Medicinal Plant Antimicrobial Activity: A Review Study on Challenges and Future Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2041
Author(s):  
Natalia Vaou ◽  
Elisavet Stavropoulou ◽  
Chrysa Voidarou ◽  
Christina Tsigalou ◽  
Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Profile ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

The increasing incidence of drug- resistant pathogens raises an urgent need to identify and isolate new bioactive compounds from medicinal plants using standardized modern analytical procedures. Medicinal plant-derived compounds could provide novel straightforward approaches against pathogenic bacteria. This review explores the antimicrobial activity of plant-derived components, their possible mechanisms of action, as well as their chemical potential. The focus is put on the current challenges and future perspectives surrounding medicinal plants antimicrobial activity. There are some inherent challenges regarding medicinal plant extracts and their antimicrobial efficacy. Appropriate and optimized extraction methodology plant species dependent leads to upgraded and selective extracted compounds. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for the determination of the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts may show variations in obtained results. Moreover, there are several difficulties and problems that need to be overcome for the development of new antimicrobials from plant extracts, while efforts have been made to enhance the antimicrobial activity of chemical compounds. Research on the mechanisms of action, interplay with other substances, and the pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic profile of the medicinal plant extracts should be given high priority to characterize them as potential antimicrobial agents.

Effects of medicinal plant extracts from Chinese herbal medicines on the mutagenic activity of benzo[a]pyrene

1988 ◽  
Vol 206 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimichi Sakai ◽  
Hisamitsu Nagase ◽  
Youki Ose ◽  
Takahiko Sato ◽  
Makoto Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

scholarly journals KARAKTERISASI EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH MERAH (PIPER CROCATUM, RUIZ&PAV) SEBAGAI OBAT ANTIDIABETES MENUJU OBAT HERBAL TERSTANDAR

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Eka Wisnu Kusuma ◽  
Disa Andriani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Aflatoxin Content ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

Daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat potensial yang digunakan masyarakat untuk pengobatan diabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) menjadi raw material yang memenuhi standar ekstrak tumbuhan obat dalam pemenuhan mutu ekstrak menjadi obat herbal terstandar (OHT) antidiabetes. Pembuatan ekstrak dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% selama 3 hari. Karakterisasi mengacu pada standarisasi dan analisa data berdasarkan Parameter Ekstrak Tumbuhan Obat (Kepmenkes RI No: 55/Menkes/SK/I/2000) dan Peraturan Kepala BPOM RI Nomor 12 tahun 2014 tentang Persyaratan Mutu Obat Tradisional. Ekstrak daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) memenuhi standar raw material sediaan OHT dengan organoleptis berbentuk serbuk kering, warna coklat tua, bau aromatis, dan memiliki rasa asam sepat pahit. Kadar air(%) 6,795±0,0017(<10%). Uji angka lempeng total 0,9 x 102 koloni/g. Uji kapang khamir 1 x 102 koloni/g. dan pada pengujian cemaran mikroba didalam ekstrak hasilnya negatif. aflatoksin B1<0,23(<5 ug/kg), B2 <0,19 ug/kg, G1<0,23 ug/kg, G2<0,84 ug/kg dan aflatoksin total <0,84 ( <20 ug/kg). Pada pengujian logam berat didapatkan logam Pb <0,165ppm, Cd <0,159 ppm, As <0,0217ppm dan Hg <0,018ppm Kata kunci: daun sirih merah, standardisasi, diabetes melitus Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav known as “Daun sirih merah” is one of the potential medicinal plants thatused for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This study aims to improve the quality of red betel leaves (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) into raw materials that meet the standards of medicinal plant extracts in fulÞ lling the quality of the extract into antidiabetic standardized herbal medicine (OHT). Making extract with maceration method with 96% ethanol as much as 10 L for 3 days. Characterization refers to the standardization and analysis of data based on Parameter of Medicinal Plant Extracts (Kepmenkes RI No: 55 / Menkes / SK / I / 2000) and the Regulation of the Head of BPOM RI Number 12 of 2014 concerning Quality Requirements for Traditional Medicines. Red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) meets the standard raw material for OHT preparations with organoleptis in the form of dry powder, dark brown color, aromatic odor, and has a bitter acid taste. Moisture content (%) 6,795 ± 0,0017 ( <10%). Test the total plate number 0.9 x 102 colonies / g. Test of yeasts contamination 1 x 102 colonies / g.The total bacteria test in the extract was negative. The aflatoxin content B1<0,23( 5 ug/kg), B2 <0,19 ug/kg, G1<0,23 ug/kg, G2<0,84 ug/kg and total aflatoxin content <0,84 ( <20 ug/kg). The heavy metal tests resulted Pb metal of <0,165ppm,Cd <0,159 ppm, As <0,0217ppm and Hg <0,018ppm Keywords: piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav, Standardization, diabetes mellitus

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