scholarly journals Low coverage of hepatitis B vaccine and determinants among health professionals working in Amhara regional state hospitals, Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhanu Elfu Feleke
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regional State ◽  
B Virus

More than two billion people have been infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), 360 million have chronic infection and 600,000 die each year from HBV-related liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma. Each year more than 66,000 health professionals are infected by hepatitis b virus and vaccination against hepatitis B saves the life’s of these health professionals. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B vaccine coverage in a resource limited settings. A cross sectional study design was conducted. The study was conducted on 1184 health professionals at Amhara national regional state, Ethiopia. Simple random sampling technique was used. Structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics were used to identify the prevalence while Binary logistic regression was used to assess the determinants of hepatitis B vaccine coverage. The coverage of hepatitis B vaccine was 4%. Vaccination were affected by work load (AOR=0.19, 95%CI= 0.08-0.46; P<0.01), negligence (AOR=0.04, 95%CI=0.01- 0.11: P<0.01), universal precaution training (AOR=14.75, 95%CI=5.66-38.44: P<0.01), perception that they are not at risk of infection (AOR=0.34, 95%CI=0.15-0.79: P=0.01), unaffordable cost (AOR=0.12, 95%CI=0.05-0.28: P<0.01), awareness about the vaccine (AOR=4.55, 95%CI=1.53-13.49: P<0.01), peer pressure (AOR=3.8, 95%CI=1.34-10.74: P=0.01), knowledge about where to get the vaccine (AOR=5.13, 95%CI=1.87-14.11: P=0.02), unavailability of the vaccine (AOR=0.25, 95%CI=0.1-0.63: P=0.03), year of experience (AOR=7.27, 95%CI=2.23-23.72: P<0.01). Low hepatitis B vaccine coverage was observed. The ministry of health should avail the vaccine to all those health professionals, develop awareness on HBV and improve the affordability of the vaccine.

Vaccination Status of Demonstrator’s of a Private Dental College/Institiute of Multan Against The Hepatitis B Virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3225-3227
Author(s):  
Nousheen Khan ◽  
Mustafa Sajid ◽  
Isma . ◽  
Muhammad Mohsin Javaid ◽  
Rabia Mahmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus ◽  
To Receive

Background: One of most hazardous infections that can prompt death is Hepatitis B and it is familiarized as highest ten dangerous afflictions of life1. Hepatitis B has been ranked among those diseases which can cause death. Medical care experts have greater chance of getting infested with this infection since they are straightforwardly in contact with contaminated patients. Aim: To assess percentage of inoculated Demonstrators in a tertiary care hospital. This examination additionally rules out or precludes various causes which diminish the immunization rate. Setting: Multan Dental College Multan Methodology: It was the questionnaire-based cross-sectional study. Here the simple random sampling technique had been utilized in a private sector hospital of Multan city. 40 participants completed a questionnaire. Information was collected & tabulated Results: 80% of the participants were vaccinated while 20% were not vaccinated & reasons for non-vaccine were also stated. Busy Schedule & forget to receive vaccine were the main reasons among non-vaccinated individuals. Conclusion: Self-reported rate of vaccination among demonstrators has been satisfactory against hepatitis B virus in this environment where they have direct contact with this dangerous disease but needs to be improve further. Medical institutes should furthermore assume responsibility to teach and explain their employees with respect to immunization and cautionary measures against hepatitis B infection. Keywords: Hepatitis B, Demonstrators, Immunization, Vaccination

scholarly journals Hepatitis B vaccine adherence among homeless people

Rev Rene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. e60690
Author(s):  
Vanessa Moura Carvalho de Oliveira ◽  
Marli Teresinha Gimeniz Galvão ◽  
Rômulo Veloso Nunes ◽  
Matheus Sousa Marques Carvalho ◽  
Cecília Natielly da Silva Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Virus Surface ◽  
B Virus

Objective: to estimate the adherence to hepatitis B vaccine in homeless people. Methods: a cross-sectional study with 90 homeless people, with the collection of 5 ml of blood for the detection of antibody against the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus. Results: of the total, 89 (98.9%) were vaccinated with the first dose; of these, 45 (50.7%) had antibodies against hepatitis B virus surface antigen lower than 10 IU/L; 25 (53.3%) received the second dose of hepatitis B vaccine, and nine (45.8%) participants received the third dose of vaccine. Individuals who were related to both genders were more likely to adhere to the full hepatitis B vaccine schedule. Conclusion: the low adherence to hepatitis B vaccination and the small number of participants with antibodies that confer immunity against this infection were evidenced.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Associated Factors among Health Professionals in University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aynishet Adane Gebremariam ◽  
Adino Tesfahun Tsegaye ◽  
Yalelet Fentaw Shiferaw ◽  
Mebratu Mitiku Reta ◽  
Alem Getaneh
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus

Introduction. Hepatitis B virus infection is one of the commonest occupational risks in healthcare workers. However; there is limited evidence regarding the prevalence of hepatitis in health professionals in Ethiopia. Objective. This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of hepatitis B and associated factors in health professionals. Methods. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among health professionals at University of Gondar Hospital from January to February, 2015. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic variables and blood sample was also taken to determine hepatitis B virus sero-status. Chi square test with 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to assess the associations of different factors with hepatitis B infection. Result. A total of 332 health professionals (with a response rate of 92.2%) participated in the study. Most (98.5%) of health professionals were not vaccinated for hepatitis B. The prevalence of hepatitis B in health professionals at UOG hospital was found to be 4.52% (95% CI: 2.4, 6.5). Hepatitis B infection was more common among males (P value =0.0299).  Conclusion. The prevalence of hepatitis B in health professionals in this study was comparable with other studies done in Ethiopia among health professionals. Males were more affected than females for hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B virus vaccine, treatment for the infected, and training on infection prevention should be more available for healthcare workers.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) among Antenatal Clinic Attendees in Karu Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
J. C. Ndubuisi ◽  
Mohammed Aisha ◽  
Chris Akunneh Wariso ◽  
D. C. Ejiofor
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus

The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) among antenatal clinic attendees in Massaka, Karu Local Government Area of Nassarawa State, North Central Nigeria. Formal consent was obtained from the State Hospital Board to carry out the survey. The study which involved 200 pregnant women aged 18-45 years randomly selected using a systematic random sampling technique was conducted between the months of May-June was a cross sectional health facility-based study. Structured questionnaire was used to generate data from respondents, after which blood samples aseptically collected were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen. Socio-demographic characteristics as well as some of the factors that influence infection were evaluated. Results obtained from the study revealed a 6.5% prevalence rate of infection in the studied population. Prevalence of infection among the subjects within the age range of 35-45 years was lowest (5.8%). However, while it was 5.2% for the married, it was 6.6% for the unmarried. Prevalence of infection was higher among the category with no formal education. Similarly, prevalence was higher among the rural dwellers (6.8%) than their urban counterparts (5.6%). Factors examined were not statistically significant predisposing to HBV infection. In conclusion, the prevalence of HBsAg among ante-natal clinic attendees in Masaka  was (6.5%) lower than the reported national prevalence (14.1%). Owing the outcome of this study, it is recommended that improved surveillance for HBV infection and screening of women attending ANC be instituted.

scholarly journals Serologic characteristics of hepatitis B virus among hill-tribe children in Omkoi district, Chiangmai province, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
Woottichai Khamduang ◽  
Nichagamon Ponchomcheun ◽  
Witchuda Yaaupala ◽  
Phongpatchara Puwaruengpat ◽  
Sayamon Hongjaisee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Hill Tribe ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hb Vaccine

Introduction: Thailand has integrated hepatitis B (HB) vaccination of newborns into the national Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in 1992. This has led to a dramatic decrease of HBsAg prevalence in children. However, HB vaccine coverage in remote areas is not well-known. This study aimed to investigate serologic characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among hill-tribe children in Omkoi District, Chiangmai Province, Thailand. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted on stored samples collected from hill-tribe children attending the primary/secondary school in Omkoi District in December 2014. Sera were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc using enzyme immunoassays (MUREX, DiaSorin, Italy). Samples with anti-HBc positive were further assessed for HBV DNA using an in-house HBV DNA semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: Of 210 children evaluated, 4 (1.9%:95% CI 0.5-4.8) were HBsAg-positive. Of the 206 children HBsAg negative, 17 were anti-HBc and anti-HBs positive, 15 anti-HBc positive only, 26 anti-HBs positive only and 148 negative for both anti-HBc and anti-HBs. None of the children with anti-HBc were positive for HBV DNA. Conclusions: A high percentage of children had no markers of HBV protection suggesting that HB vaccine coverage was not optimal in this area. Our results warrant HBV serologic investigations in other remote areas to assess whether HB vaccine coverage needs to be improved and to identify children who should be vaccinated.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Vaccination Status among Health Care Workers in a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Biset Ayalew ◽  
Boressa Adugna Horsa
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
B Virus

Background. Even though health professionals (HPs) need special consideration for hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination, this is not widely implemented in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to determine the vaccination status of health professionals against hepatitis B virus infection, to identify barriers to vaccination and to identify factors associated with vaccination status. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to 15, 2016. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 21. A test of association was done using binary logistic regression and P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Out of 286 HPs included in the study 28.7% received full course vaccination against HBV. The most frequently mentioned reasons for not being vaccinated against HBV are unavailability of the vaccine (58.2%) and its cost (18.5%). Age, marital status, level of education, and type of profession have significant association with vaccination status. Conclusion. HBV coverage among HPs in Gondar University Hospital (GUH) is inadequate. This is mostly due to unavailability of the vaccine and its cost. Vaccination status significantly varies based on level of education, type of profession, age, and marital status. We recommend making vaccines available and accessible.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus infection among men who have sex with men and transgender women living with or at risk for HIV: a cross sectional study in Abuja and Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusegun A. Adeyemi ◽  
Andrew Mitchell ◽  
Ashley Shutt ◽  
Trevor A. Crowell ◽  
Nicaise Ndembi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Condomless Sex ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hbv Prevalence ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Despite the development of a safe and efficacious hepatitis B vaccine in 1982, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa. Due to shared risk factors for virus acquisition, men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) living with HIV are at increased risk of HBV. We estimated the prevalence of HBV and associated factors for MSM and TGW living with or without HIV in Nigeria. Methods Since March 2013, TRUST/RV368 has recruited MSM and TGW in Abuja and Lagos, Nigeria using respondent driven sampling. Participants with HIV diagnosis, enrollment as of June 2015, and available plasma were selected for a cross-sectional study and retrospectively tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and HBV DNA. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with prevalent HBV infection. Results A total of 717 MSM and TGW had a median age of 25 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 21–27), 5% self-reported HBV vaccination, 61% were living with HIV, 10% had prevalent HBV infection and 6% were HIV-HBV co-infected. HIV mono-infected as compared to HIV-HBV co-infected had a higher median CD4 T cell count [425 (IQR: 284–541) vs. 345 (IQR: 164–363) cells/mm3, p = 0.03] and a lower median HIV RNA viral load [4.2 (IQR: 2.3–4.9) vs. 4.7 (IQR: 3.9–5.4) log10copies/mL, p < 0.01]. The only factor independently associated with HBV was self-report of condomless sex at last anal intercourse (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3, 3.6). HIV infection was not independently associated with HBV (OR: 1.0, 95% CI: 0.7–1.6). Conclusion HBV prevalence was moderately high but did not differ by HIV in this cohort of MSM and TGW. Recent condomless sex was associated with elevated HBV risk, reinforcing the need to increase communication and education on condom use among key populations in Nigeria. Evaluating use of concurrent HIV antiretroviral therapy with anti-HBV activity may confirm the attenuated HBV prevalence for those living with HIV.

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