scholarly journals Alternative method for vegetables cultivation in Benin

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Recchia ◽  
Paolo Boncinelli ◽  
Enrico Cini
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
High Level ◽  
Poor Management ◽  
Agricultural Machines

In the developing countries populations, which are already vulnerable and food insecure, are likely to be the most seriously affected by the effects of climate change, e.g. yield decreases and price increases for the most important agricultural crops. The IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report for Africa describes a trend of warming at a rate faster than the global average and increasing aridity: in many parts of Africa, it seems that warmer climates and changes in precipitation will destabilise agricultural production and aggravates food security. The present work concerns the vegetables cultivation in the Parakou region in Benin, where agriculture employs approximately 70% of the active population and contributes to 36% of the Gross Domestic Product and 88% of export earnings. However, the agricultural sector has been regarded as unproductive with low adaptation capacities because of structural factors (e.g. high level of poverty among rural populations, weak mechanization and intensification of production modes), but also because of natural constraints (e.g. poor management of water and soils, leading to soil degradation). Considering the aridity, the low carbon content and the reduced level of nutrients available in the soil, the use of an hydroponic module has been hypothesised. In this way sufficient yields of the crops may be assured and no agricultural machines will be needed for the tillage operations. In addition, the nutrients can be added to the growing solution using residual materials as poultry manure, ashes and green wastes. In order to verify if some construction or maintenance problems can occur and if a growing solution can be easily obtained using agricultural wastes, some tests have been carried out. Moreover laboratory analyses have been done for different solutions that may be adopted with different shares of water, poultry manure, ashes and green wastes. The tests have indicated that the hydroponic module could be used in Benin without incurring in technical problems and that a growing solution containing poultry manure, ashes and green wastes can supply to the crops a significant amount of nutrients.

Statistical evaluation and forecasting of human resources support by specialists and workers of mass professions of agricultural organizations of the grainsheep-breeding zone of Stavropol region

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-75
Author(s):  
Alexey Gerasimov ◽  
Evgeny Gromov ◽  
Oksana Grigor'eva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Stavropol Region ◽  
Breeding Zone ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex ◽  
High Level

Improving the efficiency of agricultural production and the competitiveness of agricultural products is impossible without the creation of professional teams with a high level of productivity. The formation and development of the personnel potential of the agro-industrial complex comes to the fore in the light of ensuring the country’s food security and solving the problems of import substitution. The development of the industry relies more on the creation of a vertical education system, the development of rural territories, etc. Compilation of forecasts for the staffing of the agroindustrial complex will coordinate the efforts of educational institutions, business structures, and authorities in organizing the training and retraining of personnel for the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals Discussion on the development direction of hydropower in China

Clean Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Duan Bin
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
New Era ◽  
Green Development ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
High Level ◽  
Flexible Operation

Abstract Hydropower is the second largest conventional energy resource in China. It is a renewable energy with mature technology, flexible operation, cleanliness and low carbon. A hydropower project has flood control, a water supply, navigation, irrigation and other comprehensive utilization functions. The new era in China is guided by the new energy-security strategy of ‘four revolutions and one cooperation’ and the new development concept of ‘innovation, coordination, green development, openness and sharing’. According to the dual nature of water and electricity, this paper deepens the basic understanding of hydropower from the experience of the world, the difficult problems of hydropower in China and the long-term development of hydropower enterprises. The future direction of hydropower development is explored from the following aspects: high-quality development of follow-up hydropower projects, innovative utilization of existing hydropower value, creative pursuit of hydropower-benefit growth and high-level promotion of hydropower international cooperation.

IoT-based Precision Agriculture Platform: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1419-1421
Author(s):  
Rutvik Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Iot Platforms ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Applications ◽  
And Control ◽  
Use Of Internet ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Abstract: Technological advancements such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are helping to boost the global agricultural sector as it is expected to grow by around seventy percent in the next two decades. There are sensor-based systems in place to keep track of the plants and the surrounding environment. This technology allows farmers to watch and control farm operations from afar, but it has a few limitations. For farmers, these technologies are prohibitively expensive and demand a high level of technological competence. Besides, Climate change has a significant impact on crops because increased temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns increase the likelihood of disease outbreaks, resulting in crop losses and potentially irreversible plant destruction. Because of recent advancements in IoT and Cloud Computing, new applications built on highly innovative and scalable service platforms are now being developed. The use of Internet of Things (IoT) solutions has enormous promise for improving the quality and safety of agricultural products. Precision farming's telemonitoring system relies heavily on Internet of Things (IoT) platforms; therefore, this article quickly reviews the most common IoT platforms used in precision agriculture, highlighting both their key benefits and drawbacks

scholarly journals Demographic transformation in the agglomerations of Dnipropetrovsk region

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
V. V. Bezugly ◽  
Z. V. Boyko ◽  
О. V. Tsvietaieva
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Labour Potential ◽  
Negative Balance ◽  
High Level

This article examines the demographic situation in Dnipropetrovsk region and identifies the main demographic problems of the region , among which the most important are low fertility, reduced family size, high divorce rates and unregistered marriages, contimuing aging of the population, increased gender disproportion among the population, intra-regional and especially modern external migrations of the population, etc. The Dnipropetrovsk settlement system includes four industrial agglomerations: Dniprovsky-Kamianske, Kryvyi Rih, Nikopol and Pavlohrad, where more than 83.5% of the region’s population lives , indicating a high level of urbanization of the territory. It was found that the dynamics of the population of the urban agglomerations of the Dnipropetrovsk region over the past 20 years has a tendency to progressive reduction: if in 1997 the size of the existing population amounted to 3,888.8 thousand people, in 2017it amounted to 3,227.5 thousand people. It is stated that the natural replenishment of the population provides a continuous change of generations, creating the quantitative boundaries of labour resources of urban agglomerations of Dnipropetrovsk region. The current state of migration processes in the agglomerations of Dnipropetrovsk region is caused by socio-economic and political problems. This has led to an increase in labour out-migration, which now has already become catastrophic, not only in the Dnipropetrovsk region, but throughout Ukraine. Negative consequences of this are the depopulation of cities and areas of agglomerations, the outflow of high quality labour potential (and in particular qualified labour), the collapse of families, rise in crime and corruption, etc. In general, it is established that the demographic aspect, due to natural and mechanical movements, has become a determining factor inthe formation of the labour resource situation and affects not only the process of replenishmnent itself, but also the structure of the economically active population. We present the general demographic features of the population's reproduction, in the urban agglomerations of Dnipropetrovsk region from 1997 to 2017; a decrease in the total population, a negative natural population growth (mortality rates will prevail over birth rates), aging of the population, which is reflected in an increase in the number of people aged 70, disproportion in the sexual structure of the population (prevalence of women), negative balance of migration and continuous outflow of inhabitants of reproductive age, especially to the countries of the European Union.

scholarly journals Features of formation and development of human capital in the agricultural sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Tat'ianа Tsetsiarynets
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Vocational Qualifications ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex ◽  
High Level ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The relevance of the research topic is to study the features and factors of human capital formation in the agricultural sector. Purpose: the analysis and assessment of the key macroeconomic indicators, socio-economic factors and institutional conditions of investment ensuring formation of the human capital in the Republic of Belarus. Methods – analysis, synthesis, comparisons, tabular, etc. Results of work: the development of human capital allows us to solve numerous socio-economic problems and accelerate the innovative development of the agricultural sector. Human capital is becoming the main source of change in society, as well as a factor in its improvement and transition to a new quality. There is an important problem of the lack of smart and resourceful people in the agricultural sector. It requires people with a high level of professionalism, good knowledge and skills. Nowadays, the possibilities of using and developing innovative labor potential and the effective involvement of resourceful people in labor activity are unfortunately limited. Conclusions: the characteristics of the formation of human capital in the agrarian sphere have been studied, as well as the evolution of their development. The factors determining the accumulation of human capital in agroindustrial complex have been systematized. The main problems of the shortage of agricultural specialists have been identified. These problems are the decline in the vocational qualifications of workers, the outflow of personnel from rural areas, the decline in the prestige of agrarian professions and as a result reluctance of graduates to go to work after their education.

scholarly journals POLA PENGUASAAN TANAH DAN DISTRIBUSI KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA DI PEDESAAN JAWA TIMUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Versanudin Hekmatyar ◽  
Fentiny Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Livelihood Diversification ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Land Cultivation ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Labor System ◽  
High Level

Abstract: The objective of this study is to describe the pattern of land tenure and forms of livelihood diversification in rural area. By using qualitative approach, data was collected and presented descriptively. The results are as follows, first, land is an important production factors as capital and labor. Land in Kedungprimpen village is still closely linked to the livelihoods of its inhabitants. High level of dependence of the population on agricultural land is also closely related to the local community's view that underlies the social differentiation of the rich, ample and poor. Second, this fact further encourages households todeal with the crisis, undertake series of livelihood activities to meet their basic needs. The selection of diversified forms of livelihood is mainly based on rational reasons related to the types of resources that can be optimized. Generally, livelihood diversification in Kedungprimpen Village is on agricultural andnon-agricultural sectors. Agricultural sector includes land cultivation, sharecrop, rent, mortgage, and labor system. Non-agricultural sector includes trade, handicrafts production, stockbreeding, and carpentry.Keywords: pattern of land tenure, land tenure, land diversification, peasant

scholarly journals Food Quality Standards: Quality Issues and Challenges of Food Chain in Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakary Tarnagda ◽  
Bakoué Jean Paul Karama ◽  
Alain Gustave Yaguibou ◽  
Pane B. Ouattara-Sourabié ◽  
Stéphane S. R. Kaboré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Iso 14001 ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Food Standard ◽  
Health Damage ◽  
The Face ◽  
Development Support ◽  
Large Distribution

Background: In Burkina Faso, the agricultural sector accounts for 35% of the gross domestic product (GDP) and employs 82% of the active population. The agri-food industries must apply the requirements of the management systems to improve their economic position and ensure sustainable development. The present study aimed to highlight the similarities and particularities of these repositories grouped according to the conformity procedures. Methods: Interviews were conducted with the state technical services and research and development support agencies of Burkina Faso in order to identify and make a comparative study of the available benchmarks. Results: We studied eight standards (ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 45001, NBF 01-027: 2009, NBF 01-028: 2009, ISO 22000, BRC and IFS). These standards help improving competitiveness of the companies as well as developing the trade and food security. In addition to these standards, three private repositories were used for large distribution: Global Good Agriculture Practices, British Retail Consortium, and International Food Standard. These standards are responsible for the operations of agriculture and agribusiness in the face of numerous commercial, regulatory, health, economic, and societal requirements. They are mainly oriented towards the treatment of the main risks: cross-contamination, fatal accident, health damage, environmental pollution, unavailability of the production tool, loss of customer, etc. Conclusion: The conformity assessment of food products on the basis of specific benchmarks makes it possible to highlight the positive aspects of these products.

scholarly journals The Cracking Mechanism of Ferritic-Austenitic Cast Steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stradomski
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Hot Cracking ◽  
Hadfield Steel ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Low Solubility

Abstract In the high-alloy, ferritic - austenitic (duplex) stainless steels high tendency to cracking, mainly hot-is induced by micro segregation processes and change of crystallization mechanism in its final stage. The article is a continuation of the problems presented in earlier papers [1 - 4]. In the range of high temperature cracking appear one mechanism a decohesion - intergranular however, depending on the chemical composition of the steel, various structural factors decide of the occurrence of hot cracking. The low-carbon and low-alloy cast steel casting hot cracking cause are type II sulphide, in high carbon tool cast steel secondary cementite mesh and / or ledeburite segregated at the grain solidified grains boundaries, in the case of Hadfield steel phosphorus - carbide eutectic, which carrier is iron-manganese and low solubility of phosphorus in high manganese matrix. In duplex cast steel the additional factor increasing the risk of cracking it is very “rich” chemical composition and related with it processes of precipitation of many secondary phases.

scholarly journals The Role of Triple Helix Actors for Agro-Tourism Development in West Sumatera

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Widya Fitriana
Keyword(s):  
Triple Helix ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
High Level

Agricultural sector as a main contributor to GDP formation in West Sumatera is required to be able to diversify its business in order to highest achieving economic and social development. One diversified agricultural business prospective to be developed is agro-tourism. The development of agro-tourism requires collaboration and synergy between academician, businessman and government as known as triple helix actors. This study is designed with aim to (i) map the agro-tourism potential in west Sumatera; (ii) analyze the role of each actors, so they may take action in accelerating Agro-tourism development. This research uses observation, depth interview method, literature study and focus group discussion. The result shows that agro-tourism in West Sumatra is more prominent of great natural and cultural value, small scale and lack of local facilities. It also requires relatively high level of investment relative to its return. Therefore government support is likely an essential element of agro-tourism development and the effort may be better directed toward consolidating with intellectual and business also.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF KVK IN DOUBLING FARMERS INCOME IN SITAPUR DISTRICT OF UTTAR PRADESH

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 92-105
Author(s):  
Ritesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Jahanara Jahanara
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Technology Generation ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

More than half of Indian population were engaged in agricultural sector but the available technology doesn’t ensure food security of the country. Hence, to diffuse new agricultural invention and innovation in the farming community, there arises a need for effective medium for transfer of technology. Thus, KVK bridges the gap between the technology generation and dissemination. The present study was proposed to understand the impact of KVK in doubling farmers income to formulate suitable programmes. For the study, descriptive research design was adopted. 120 respondents from Biswan taluk of Sitapur district of Uttar Pradesh were selected as respondents. Primary data collected from respondents and secondary data from available literatures. The findings revealed that majority of the respondents were middle aged, illiterate, upto 5 members in their family, medium level of annual income, possesses their own land, agriculture as their main occupation, medium level of mass media exposure, office bearer in one organization, high level of extension contact. Meanwhile, more than half of the respondents had reported medium level of impact towards the activities carried out by KVK, beneficiary selection is not unbiased is a major constraint suggested that maximum emphasis should be given on learning by doing.

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