scholarly journals Biodegradable films and spray coatings as eco-friendly alternative to petro-chemical derived mulching films

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vox ◽  
G. Santagata ◽  
M. Malinconico ◽  
B. Immirzi ◽  
G. Scarascia Mugnozza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Biodegradable Materials ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Spray Coatings ◽  
Plastic Mulching ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Mulching Films

The use of plastic mulching films in horticulture causes the serious drawback of huge amount of wastes to be disposed of at the end of their lifetime. Several pre-competitive research products based on raw materials coming from renewable sources were recently developed to be used as biodegradable materials for soil mulching. Biodegradable materials are designed in order both to retain their mechanical and physical properties during their using time and to degrade at the end of their lifetime. These materials can be integrated directly in the soil in order to biodegrade because the bacterial flora transforms them in carbon dioxide or methane, water and biomass. The innovative materials can be obtained using natural polymers, such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, alginate and glucomannan. Biodegradable extruded mulching films were performed by means of thermo-plasticizing process. Spray mulch coatings were realized directly in field, by spraying water solutions based on natural polysaccharides, thus covering the cultivated soil with a protective thin geo-membrane. In this paper an overview on the formulation development, processing understanding, field performance, mechanical and radiometric properties of these innovative materials for soil mulching is presented. In field the biodegradable mulching films showed suitable mechanical properties if compared to the low density polyethylene films. The radiometric properties and their effect on the temperature condition and on weed control in the mulched soil were evaluated too. At the end of their lifetime the biodegradable materials were shattered and buried into the soil together with plants.

scholarly journals Characterization of Polysaccharidic Associations for Cosmetic Use: Rheology and Texture Analysis

Cosmetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Giovanni Tafuro ◽  
Alessia Costantini ◽  
Giovanni Baratto ◽  
Stefano Francescato ◽  
Laura Busata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Textural Parameters ◽  
Complementary Techniques

As public attention on sustainability is increasing, the use of polysaccharides as rheological modifiers in skin-care products is becoming the first choice. Polysaccharide associations can be used to increase the spreading properties of products and to optimize their sensorial profile. Since the choice of natural raw materials for cosmetics is wide, instrumental methodologies are useful for formulators to easily characterize the materials and to create mixtures with specific applicative properties. In this work, we performed rheological and texture analyses on samples formulated with binary and ternary associations of polysaccharides to investigate their structural and mechanical features as a function of the concentration ratios. The rheological measurements were conducted under continuous and oscillatory flow conditions using a rotational rheometer. An immersion/de-immersion test conducted with a texture analyzer allowed us to measure some textural parameters. Sclerotium gum and iota-carrageenan imparted high viscosity, elasticity, and firmness in the system; carob gum and pectin influenced the viscoelastic properties and determined high adhesiveness and cohesiveness. The results indicated that these natural polymers combined in appropriate ratios can provide a wide range of different textures and that the use of these two complementary techniques represents a valid pre-screening tool for the formulation of green products.

Natural Polymers for Biodegradable Dressings to Save the Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Current System ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Surgical Masks ◽  
By Products ◽  
Global Water

The current fashion system uses high volumes of non-renewable resources to produce clothes, being responsible for 10% of the global greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere every year and 20%of the global water wasted. At the same time people are buying 60%more clothing than 15 Years ago, which going in the landfills, causes 92 million tons of waste each year. This waste has been further increased by the surgical masks used for COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, a new way of designing and producing clothing needs to be incorporated into the current system to facilitate its recycling making it more circular. New tissues, therefore, are proposed made by natural polysaccharides, embedded by micro- Nano capsules of chitin Nano fibrils and Nano lignin all obtained as by- products from food and forestry waste respectively. Thus, pollution and waste will be reduced and the natural raw materials will be maintained for the future generations.

Innovative Materials for Sustainable Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 1023 ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Berenice Zúñiga-Torres ◽  
Ramiro Correa-Jaramillo ◽  
Francisco Hernández-Olivares ◽  
Francisco Fernandez-Martinez ◽  
Alonso Zúñiga-Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Griffith Criterion ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Fired Bricks ◽  
Simple Compression ◽  
Husk Rice ◽  
And Control

The construction industry has focused on trying to minimize and control the environmental impacts caused within the process of production and manufacture of fired bricks, for this reason the present research proposes five different alternative mixtures for the elaboration of ecological bricks, four of these based on soil-cement and one obtained through a geopolymerization process, using raw materials from the amazon region and the southern highlands of Ecuador, such as soil from the Centza mine (MC), sand from the Quiringue mine (MQ), organic correctors of husk rice (RH ), peanut shell (PS), natural gypsum (G) from the Malacatos sector and fired brick residues from the same sector. The raw materials were characterized (analysis: physicochemical and mineralogical); the soil-cement-based combinations used different percentages of substitution of organic correctors and gypsum, the optimum percentage of water and cement was determined through the compaction test and resistance to simple compression respectively, the samples were cured and tested at ages of 7, 14 and 28 days. In the geopolymerization process, an alkaline solution NaOH was used in different concentrations of molarity and solution contents, the specimens were cured at temperatures of 90 °C, 120 °C, 150 °C, 180 °C and 200 °C. The different combinations were subjected to indirect traction with the purpose to determine the optimal mixture and subsequent estimation of the compressive strength of bricks applying the Griffith criterion, the results were validated by the finite element method, obtaining strengths of 4 MPa in the combination soil-cement sand (SC_Ar1), in soil-cement rice husk (SC_RH2) and soil-cement peanut shell (SC_PS2) mixtures its resistance is 3 MPa, while in the soil-cement gypsum (SC_G4) mixture the resistance is 6.90 MPa and finally the resistance in geopolymeric mixture (GBW) is 13.75 MPa; In this way, the optimal combinations comply and increase the resistance to simple compression of bricks by 35% the SC_Ar1 mixture, 130% in the SC_G mixture with respect to the spanish standard and 129% the GBW mixture with respect to the ecuadorian standard.

scholarly journals Odor and Constituent Odorants of HDPE–Lignin Blends of Different Lignin Origin

Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Bianca Lok ◽  
Gunnar Mueller ◽  
Johannes Ganster ◽  
Jens Erdmann ◽  
Andrea Buettner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Kraft Process ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Soda Lignin

The still-rising global demand for plastics warrants the substitution of non-renewable mineral oil-based resources with natural products as a decisive step towards sustainability. Lignin is one of the most abundant natural polymers and represents an ideal but hitherto highly underutilized raw material to replace petroleum-based resources. In particular, the use of lignin composites, especially polyolefin–lignin blends, is currently on the rise. In addition to specific mechanical property requirements, a challenge of implementing these alternative polymers is their heavy odor load. This is especially relevant for lignin, which exhibits an intrinsic odor that limits its use as an ingredient in blends intended for high quality applications. The present study addressed this issue by undertaking a systematic evaluation of the odor properties and constituent odorants of commercially available lignins and related high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blends. The potent odors of the investigated samples could be attributed to the presence of 71 individual odorous constituents that originated primarily from the structurally complex lignin. The majority of them was assignable to six main substance classes: carboxylic acids, aldehydes, phenols, furan compounds, alkylated 2-cyclopenten-1-ones, and sulfur compounds. The odors were strongly related to both the lignin raw materials and the different processes of their extraction, while the production of the blends had a lower but also significant influence. Especially the investigated soda lignin with hay- and honey-like odors was highly different in its odorant composition compared to lignins resulting from the sulfurous kraft process predominantly characterized by smoky and burnt odors. These observations highlight the importance of sufficient purification of the lignin raw material and the need for odor abatement procedures during the compounding process. The molecular elucidation of the odorants causing the strong odor represents an important procedure to develop odor reduction strategies.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONDUKTIVITAS DAN TERMAL PADA POLIMER ELEKTROLIT DARI KITOSAN/PVA/GLISEROL/LiClO4 UNTUK APLIKASI BATERAI ION LITIUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhadini . ◽  
Verry Andre Fabiani ◽  
Megawati Ayu Putri ◽  
Iin Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Absorption Intensity

Penggunaan polimer ramah lingkungan merupakan tantangan bagi industri baterai ion litium saat ini dikarenakan sifatnya yang mudah terbiodegradasi menjadi keunggulan polimer alam seperti kitosan dengan bahan baku dari alam yang melimpah. Komposisi polimer elektrolit dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas kitosan, PVA, gliserol yang didopan dengan LiClO4. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sifat konduktivitas dan termal dari polimer elektrolit kitosan/PVA/gliserol/LiClO4. Pembuatan polimer elektrolit ini menggunakan metode casting. Peningkatan massa kitosan dalam komposisi polimer elektrolit menyebabkan adanya peningkatan intensitas pada bilangan gelombang 1718 cm-1 dan peningkatan intensitas serapan pada bilngangan gelombang 1271 cm-1 dengan masing-masing puncak serapan tersebut adalah gugus fungsi dari C=O dan gugus fungsi C-O.  Berdasarkan data konduktivitas menunjukkan bahwa komposisi 70/30/20/20 (kitosan /PVA/Gliserol/LiClO4) memiliki konduktivitas tertinggi sebesar 4,8 x 10-5S/cm. Hasil kurva TGA menunjukkan stabilitas termal komposisi polimer elektrolit hingga 210oC dan peningkatan jumlah kitosan dalam polimer elektrolit menurunkan kestabilan termal. Polimer elektrolit dari kitosan/PVA/Gliserol/LiClO4 dapat diaplikasikan untuk baterai ion litium berdasarkan analisis konduktivitas ionik dan kestabilan termal. ABSTRACT The use of environmentally friendly polymers is a challenge for the lithium-ion batteries industry today because its biodegradable nature is an advantage of natural polymers such as chitosan with abundant raw materials from nature. The polymer electrolyte composition in this study consisted of chitosan, PVA, glycerol doped with LiClO4. This study aims to analyze the conductivity and thermal properties of the polymer electrolyte chitosan/PVA/Glycerol/LiClO4. The polymer electrolyte was made using a casting method. The increasing of the chitosan mass in the polymer electrolyte composition led to an increase in intensity at the wave number 1718 cm-1 and an increase in absorption intensity at the wavenumber of 1271 cm-1 with absorption peaks being a functional group of C=O and C-O respectively. Based on the conductivity data, it showed that the composition of 70/30/20/20 (chitosan/PVA/Glycerol/LiClO4) had the highest conductivity of 4.8 x 10-5S/cm. The results of the TGA curve illustrated that polymer electrolyte had thermal stability until 210oC and the increasing amount of chitosan of polymer electrolyte decreased thermal stability. Polymer electrolyte chitosan

Beauty and wellness turn towards a green economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierfrancesco Morganti ◽  
Gianluca Morganti ◽  
Adnan Memic ◽  
Maria Beatrice Coltelli ◽  
Hong-Duo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Material Resource ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Willingness To Buy ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
The Right

: Beauty and wellness remain for both women and men an important target also because global attractiveness is considered a cue indicating the ability to maintain beauty and wellness. Consequently neuromarketing has occurred as an innovative mean to interact with consumer's trend, actually looking for high-quality and natural cosmetics and food. By the biometric studies, in fact, it seems possible to verify the consumers’ willingness to buy the right products they are looking for. On the other hand, customers are requesting cosmeceuticals and nutraceuticals acting positively on the superficial appearance of face and body, seem to be able to boost the immune system also, limiting the stress conditions. This general disease is induced by the actual way of living on a planet invaded by a great quantity of waste released from human’s activities. The consequent pollution alters the ecological balance of the body, influencing negatively the life of animals and plants also. Thus, the induced stress, further increased by the COVID-19 spread, could change the human brain' neural conditions. Consequently, in humans the production of both neurons' stem cells and cortisol could decrease, while in plants, the patterns of growth could affect the leaf cuticle and stomatal conductance. Thus brain, under psychosocial stress, actively demands energy from the body, eliciting a marked increase in eating by a major carbohydrate intake which sacrifices the requirements of other organs. In any way, pollution has wide-ranging adverse health and social effects, further worsened by an increased worldwide aged population who, requiring more food and goods, increases the waste production. What the proposed solution? To change the way of consuming and producing, it is necessary to optimize the material resource, minimizing waste that should be recycled and reused by a green economy approach. So doing, it could be possible to realize a new industrial Renaissance reducing consumption of water, energy and natural raw materials. Thus the necessity to use sustainable technologies and materials for maintaining human wellbeing in an environment in which the species' biodiversity could be assured. At this purpose, chitin nanofibrils(CN), nano-lignin (NL) and their derived compounds have been proposed to make nanoparticles (NPs) by the use of water as solvent. These NPs, loaded with different active ingredients, may be embedded into innovative natural or man-made polymers and used to make biodegradable carriers in the form of non-woven tissues and films. Depending on the polymers and on the actives loaded into the fibers, these new vehicles may be used to produce smart cosmeceuticals, nutraceuticals or advanced medications. It is interesting to underline that all these innovative NPs and tissue/films can be produced by natural polymers and ingredients, obtained from waste materials and produced by sustainable technologies at low consumption of water and energy, according to the new green economy.

Renewable raw materials as an alternative to receiving biodegradable materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Folentarska ◽  
Magdalena Krystyjan ◽  
Hanna Maria Baranowska ◽  
Wojciech Ciesielski
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biodegradable Materials ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials
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