scholarly journals The impact of hangingcleaning husbandry practices on Mediterranean mussels,Mytilus galloprovincialisLmk, cultivated in the Mar Piccolo (Taranto, Ionian Sea, Italy)

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pia Santacroce ◽  
Maria Chiara Conversano ◽  
Alessandro Vlora ◽  
Valeriana Colao ◽  
Gerardo Centoducati
Keyword(s):  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Husbandry Practices ◽  
The Impact

Biogeochemical and ecological features of sinking particulate matter in the deep Ionian Sea (E. Mediterranean) during a 10-year time series study: impacts of atmospheric and oceanographic variabilities on carbon production and sequestration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Gogou ◽  
Constantine Parinos ◽  
Spyros Stavrakakis ◽  
Emmanouil Proestakis ◽  
Maria Kanakidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Particulate Organic Carbon ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
The Impact

<p>Biotic and abiotic processes that form, alter, transport, and remineralize particulate organic carbon, silicon, calcium carbonate, and other minor and trace chemical species in the water column are central to the ocean’s ecological and biogeochemical functioning and of fundamental importance to the ocean carbon cycle. Sinking particulate matter is the major vehicle for exporting carbon from the sea surface to the deep sea. During its transit towards the sea floor, most particulate organic carbon (POC) is returned to inorganic form and redistributed in the water column. This redistribution determines the surface concentration of dissolved CO<sub>2</sub>, and hence the rate at which the ocean can absorb CO<sub>2</sub> from the atmosphere. The ability to predict quantitatively the depth profile of remineralization is therefore critical to deciphering the response of the global carbon cycle to natural and human-induced changes.</p><p>Aiming to investigate the significant biogeochemical and ecological features and provide new insights on the sources and cycles of sinking particulate matter, a mooring line of five sediment traps was deployed from 2006 to 2015 (with some gap periods) at 5 successive water column depths (700, 1200, 2000, 3200 and 4300 m) in the SE Ionian Sea, northeastern Mediterranean (‘NESTOR’ site). We have examined the long-term records of downward fluxes for Corg, N<sub>tot</sub>, δ<sup>13</sup>Corg and δ<sup>15</sup>N<sub>tot</sub>, along with the associated ballast minerals (opal, lithogenics and CaCO<sub>3</sub>), lipid biomarkers, Chl-a and PP rates, phytoplankton composition, nutrient dynamics and atmospheric deposition.  </p><p>The satellite-derived seasonal and interannual variability of phytoplankton metrics (biomass and phenology) and atmospheric deposition (meteorology and air masses origin) was examined for the period of the sediment trap experiment. Regarding the atmospheric deposition, synergistic opportunities using Earth Observation satellite lidar and radiometer systems are proposed (e.g. Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization - CALIOP, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer - MODIS), aiming towards a four‐dimensional exploitation of atmospheric aerosol loading (e.g. Dust Optical Depth) in the study area.</p><p>Our main goals are to: i) develop a comprehensive knowledge of carbon fluxes and associated mineral ballast fluxes from the epipelagic to the mesopelagic and bathypelagic layers, ii) elucidate the mechanisms governing marine productivity and carbon export and sequestration to depth and iii) shed light on the impact of atmospheric forcing and deposition in respect to regional and large scale circulation patterns and climate variability and the prevailing oceanographic processes (internal variability).</p><p>Acknowledgments</p><p>We acknowledge support of this work by the Action ‘National Network on Climate Change and its Impacts – <strong>CLIMPACT</strong>’, funded by the Public Investment Program of Greece (GSRT, Ministry of Development and Investments).</p>

Past and Present Farming: Changes in Terms of Engagement

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Armstrong Oma
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Husbandry Practices ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact

In archaeology, changes in human–animal relationships are rarely considered beyond the moment of domestication. This is influenced by Ingold’s idea that domestication led to a shift in the human engagement with animals (Ingold 2000: 61–76; see Armstrong Oma 2007: 62–4, 2010 for critique). I do not question the validity of such a claim; however, I argue that changes in terms of engagement also happened beyond domestication, and that various configurations of human–animal relationships have existed throughout history. Further, I argue that such changes also have consequences for the environment, by choice of land use strategies and husbandry regimes. A twofold purpose is pursued: first, to investigate how changes in social systems, in my case changes in terms of engagement between humans and animals, affect land use in such a way as to impinge upon natural systems and ecosystems. Second, I wish to grasp the political underpinnings of the models that are employed by archaeologists and, by doing so, to deconstruct the political use of the past (see also Stump, Chapter 10 this volume). Alternative models regarding economic strategies are sought, and the implications of these are discussed. Human–environment studies frequently deal with the impact of human intrusive land use strategies on ecosystems. Awareness has been created around these processes regarding land use techniques and practices (for example Denham and White 2007; Mazoyer and Roudart 2006). However, in European archaeology the impact of husbandry practices upon ecosystems has received considerably less, if any, attention. People in past societies from the Neolithic onwards made the conscious decision to live with animals as herders or as farmers, blending together social and economic choices that had repercussions for landscape developments and ecosystems. Investigations into the relationship between environmental changes caused by husbandry practices and the social systems that instigated those changes are an important contribution to research on past environmental development. These changes are identifiable in the archaeological record.

scholarly journals The Impact of an Extreme Storm Event on the Barrier Beach of the Lefkada Lagoon, NE Ionian Sea (Greece)

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. GHIONIS ◽  
S. E. POULOS ◽  
E. VERYKIOU ◽  
A. KARDITSA ◽  
G. ALEXANDRAKIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Barrier Beach ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

The present investigation examines the characteristics of a high energy storm event, that took place on November 9-11, 2007 in the NE Ionian Sea (eastern Mediterranean), and its impact upon the barrier beach that separates the Lefkada lagoon from the open Ionian Sea. The storm event was caused by NW winds with speeds exceeding 20 m/s (40 knots), which have an annual frequency of occurrence less than 0.015%. This high energy event produced waves with >5 m significant offshore height and 9.5 s period; these waves developed on 10th November during the rapid rise of barometric pressure (~1.4 hPa/hr), which followed the barometric pressure drop from 1020.5 hPa at 06:00 (UTC) of 9th November to 1001.7 hPa at 06:00 h (UTC) of 10th November. Secondary breaking at the shoreline produced wave heights >1.5 m, associated with a surge of >0.4 m and a run-up capability of >2.4 m. The waves managed to overtop the barrier beach (elevations ~2.5 m), lowering the seaward side of the barrier beach by 10-30 cm and causing a coastline retreat of 0.9 to 2.2 m; these morphological changes correspond volumetrically to a sediment loss of approximately 8 m3/m of coastline length from the sub-aerial part of the beach. During the last three decades a significant change in the frequency of occurrence and direction (from S-SW-W to N-NW-NE) of severe storms with wind speeds exceeding 40 knots has been recorded, affecting the sediment transport pattern and contributing to the erosion of the north beaches of Lefkada.

Sheep health: research developments and emerging problems

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
I. D. Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Chlamydia Psittaci ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Protective Antigens ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Husbandry Practices ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
The Impact

AbstractRelative to other livestock sectors sheep production has a high wastage through mortality, suboptimal husbandry practices and premature culling. A significant but unquantified component of this loss is attributable to infectious and parasitic disease. Some common infectious diseases (e.g. those caused by Clostridia) are amenable to effective control but regular sporadic outbreaks indicate that, from time to time, control measures fail or are improperly applied. Other diseases, notably those causing abortion, continue to present problems, particularly chlamydial abortion and toxoplasmosis. Inability to diagnose infection before the onset of clinical signs hinders the control of scrapie and pulmonary adenomatosis (jaagsiekte) and the only vaccine against orf is of limited efficacy.However, the new information being generated by application of molecular biological techniques in some of these problem areas carries promise of improved control. Good examples are provided by research which has led to a blood test for discriminating between sheep that are genetically susceptible or resistant to scrapie and by studies on Chlamydia psittaci which have identified essential protective antigens and which thereby improve prospects for significant vaccine enhancement.The world-wide importance of gastrointestinal parasitism and the emergence of anthelmintic resistance have spurred efforts, internationally, to develop an alternative biological control system. Evidence that protective vaccination may be feasible is accruing but the time scale to a real product may be long.Factors to be considered in assessing future disease trends include the impact of a ‘frontier-free’ Europe, changes in husbandry practices, introduction of new livestock species, altered land use and climatic change resulting from global warming. Some predictions are made.

scholarly journals Impact of Krishi Vigyan Kendra on transferring knowledge to tribal farmers on improved animal husbandry practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
B.S. Khadda ◽  
◽  
K. Lata ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
S. Khajuria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Programs ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Husbandry Practices ◽  
Technological Intervention ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Tribal Farmers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Livestock Rearing

A study was conducted on the impact of KVK interventions on transferring knowledge to tribal farmers on improved animal husbandry practices in Panchmahal district of central Gujarat, to creating awareness regarding the efficient technologies through various efficient extension tools under the banner of ICAR- KVK, Panchmahal. A random sampling technique was applied to draw the samples of 120 farmers from eight villages of Kalol and Jambughoda Tehsil of Panchmahal district. Accordingly, strategies of technological intervention were made regularly during the period of study. In adopted villages, KVK, Panchmahal organized several activities like animal health camps, training programs, advisory services, and FLDs on different aspects of animal husbandry. The results of the study revealed that the means knowledge index and mean adoption index were recorded 39.24 and 93.81 and 77.24 and 25.43 percent, respectively for pre and after interventions. The impact of KVK interventions was found to be 53.19 percent over the existing knowledge and adoption by the trained farmers which were found to be substantial over the non-benefited tribal farmers on various aspects of animal husbandry after the intervention of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Panchmahal. Based on the study it may be concluded that the overall improvement in the knowledge of the tribal farmers with respect to the adoption of animal husbandry technologies would be possible through the demonstration of efficient technologies needed for healthy livestock rearing which had not only created awareness but also improved the knowledge and attitude of tribal farmers in relation to scientific animal husbandry practices.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

The Geosciences Applied to Lunar Exploration

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 169-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lunar Exploration ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Apply Geophysics ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Impact

The term geo-sciences has been used here to include the disciplines geology, geophysics and geochemistry. However, in order to apply geophysics and geochemistry effectively one must begin with a geological model. Therefore, the science of geology should be used as the basis for lunar exploration. From an astronomical point of view, a lunar terrain heavily impacted with meteors appears the more reasonable; although from a geological standpoint, volcanism seems the more probable mechanism. A surface liberally marked with volcanic features has been advocated by such geologists as Bülow, Dana, Suess, von Wolff, Shaler, Spurr, and Kuno. In this paper, both the impact and volcanic hypotheses are considered in the application of the geo-sciences to manned lunar exploration. However, more emphasis is placed on the volcanic, or more correctly the defluidization, hypothesis to account for lunar surface features.

Asteroid and Comet Impact Speeds upon Mars: Significance for Panspermia and the Supply of Organics

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Steel
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Significant Fraction ◽  
Organic Chemicals ◽  
Impact Speed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWhilst lithopanspermia depends upon massive impacts occurring at a speed above some limit, the intact delivery of organic chemicals or other volatiles to a planet requires the impact speed to be below some other limit such that a significant fraction of that material escapes destruction. Thus the two opposite ends of the impact speed distributions are the regions of interest in the bioastronomical context, whereas much modelling work on impacts delivers, or makes use of, only the mean speed. Here the probability distributions of impact speeds upon Mars are calculated for (i) the orbital distribution of known asteroids; and (ii) the expected distribution of near-parabolic cometary orbits. It is found that cometary impacts are far more likely to eject rocks from Mars (over 99 percent of the cometary impacts are at speeds above 20 km/sec, but at most 5 percent of the asteroidal impacts); paradoxically, the objects impacting at speeds low enough to make organic/volatile survival possible (the asteroids) are those which are depleted in such species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document