scholarly journals The Impact of an Extreme Storm Event on the Barrier Beach of the Lefkada Lagoon, NE Ionian Sea (Greece)

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. GHIONIS ◽  
S. E. POULOS ◽  
E. VERYKIOU ◽  
A. KARDITSA ◽  
G. ALEXANDRAKIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Barrier Beach ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

The present investigation examines the characteristics of a high energy storm event, that took place on November 9-11, 2007 in the NE Ionian Sea (eastern Mediterranean), and its impact upon the barrier beach that separates the Lefkada lagoon from the open Ionian Sea. The storm event was caused by NW winds with speeds exceeding 20 m/s (40 knots), which have an annual frequency of occurrence less than 0.015%. This high energy event produced waves with >5 m significant offshore height and 9.5 s period; these waves developed on 10th November during the rapid rise of barometric pressure (~1.4 hPa/hr), which followed the barometric pressure drop from 1020.5 hPa at 06:00 (UTC) of 9th November to 1001.7 hPa at 06:00 h (UTC) of 10th November. Secondary breaking at the shoreline produced wave heights >1.5 m, associated with a surge of >0.4 m and a run-up capability of >2.4 m. The waves managed to overtop the barrier beach (elevations ~2.5 m), lowering the seaward side of the barrier beach by 10-30 cm and causing a coastline retreat of 0.9 to 2.2 m; these morphological changes correspond volumetrically to a sediment loss of approximately 8 m3/m of coastline length from the sub-aerial part of the beach. During the last three decades a significant change in the frequency of occurrence and direction (from S-SW-W to N-NW-NE) of severe storms with wind speeds exceeding 40 knots has been recorded, affecting the sediment transport pattern and contributing to the erosion of the north beaches of Lefkada.

Spawning and recruitment ofPhycis blennoides(Phycidae) from the north‐western Ionian Sea (middle‐eastern Mediterranean)

1998 ◽  
Vol 65 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Matarrese ◽  
Gianfranco D'onghia ◽  
Mafalda Basanisi ◽  
Francesco Mastrototaro
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals Impact of Smart Monitoring on Energy Savings in a Social Housing Residence

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadija Jnat ◽  
Isam Shahrour ◽  
Ali Zaoui
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Housing Sector ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
Heating Energy Consumption ◽  
The Impact

Energy consumption in the social housing sector constitutes a major economic, social, and environmental issue, because in some countries such as France, social housing accounts for about 19% of the housing sector. In addition, this sector suffers from ageing, which results in high energy consumption, deterioration in the occupant quality of life, and high pressure on the budget of low-income occupants. The reduction of the energy consumption in this sector becomes a “must”. This reduction can be achieved through energy renovation and innovation in both energy management and occupant involvement by using smart technology. This paper presents a contribution to this goal through the investigation of the impact of smart monitoring on energy savings. The research is based on monitoring of comfort conditions in an occupied social housing residence in the North of France and the use of building thermal numerical modeling. Results of monitoring show that the indoor temperature largely exceeds the regulations requirements and the use of a smart system together with occupant involvement could lead to significant savings in heating energy consumption. The novelty in this paper concerns the use of comfort data from occupied social housing residence, occupation conditions, and building thermal modeling to estimate energy savings. The proposed methodology could be easily implemented to estimate heating energy savings in social housing buildings that lack individual energy consumption monitoring.

scholarly journals The relevance of the North-Sea Caspian Pattern (NCP) in explaining temperature variability in Europe and the Mediterranean

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2881-2888 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brunetti ◽  
H. Kutiel
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
European Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The impact of the upper level (500 hPa) teleconnection between the North-Sea and the Caspian (NCP) on the temperature and precipitation regimes in the Eastern Mediterranean (EM) have been studied and reported and an index (NCPI) that measures the normalized geopotential heights' differences between the two poles of this teleconnection has been defined. In the present study, the impact of the NCP on the temperature regime over the entire European continent is presented. In particular, the correlation between temperature and the NCPI has been evaluated, on a monthly basis, over the entire Euro-Mediterranean domain for the 1948–2007 period. The results highlight a significant positive correlation in the north-western area of the domain and a significant negative correlation in the south-eastern one. These two poles were also highlighted by comparing the temperature anomalies associated with both phases of NCP. The importance of this sort of NCP-induced temperature bi-pole in the context of temperature variability over Europe and the Mediterranean has been evaluated by applying a Principal Component Analysis to the temperature dataset. The results showed that the temperature bi-pole is associated with the second most important mode of temperature variability over the domain, but if the analysis is restricted to the months associated to NCP (+) and NCP (−), it becomes the first mode with 29.2 % of associated variance.

scholarly journals Enhanced UV-Reflection Facilitated a Shift in the Pollination System of the Red Poppy, Papaver rhoeas (Papaveraceae)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Martínez-Harms ◽  
Ravit Hadar ◽  
Natalia Márquez ◽  
Randolf Menzel ◽  
Avi Shmida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Pollination System ◽  
Central European ◽  
Papaver Rhoeas ◽  
The North ◽  
Uv Reflectance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Uv Reflection

Evolutionary change is considered a major factor influencing the invasion of new habitats by plants. Yet, evidence on how such modifications promote range expansion remains rather limited. Here we investigated flower color modifications in the red poppy, Papaver rhoeas (Papaveraceae), as a result of its introduction into Central Europe and the impact of those modifications on its interactions with pollinators. We found that while flowers of Eastern Mediterranean poppies reflect exclusively in the red part of the spectrum, those of Central European poppies reflect both red and ultraviolet (UV) light. This change coincides with a shift from pollination by glaphyrid beetles (Glaphyridae) to bees. Glaphyrids have red-sensitive photoreceptors that are absent in bees, which therefore will not be attracted by colors of exclusively red-reflecting flowers. However, UV-reflecting flowers are easily detectable by bees, as revealed by visual modeling. In the North Mediterranean, flowers with low and high UV reflectance occur sympatrically. We hypothesize that Central European populations of P. rhoeas were initially polymorphic with respect to their flower color and that UV reflection drove a shift in the pollination system of P. rhoeas that facilitated its spread across Europe.

scholarly journals BARRIER BEACH FEATURES OF CALIFORNIA

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Hugh Converse
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Willapa Bay ◽  
Barrier Beach ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
The North ◽  
Sand Supply

Remarkable near-continuous examples of barrier beach features are found in many coastal areas, worldwide. The most notable North American examples are the margins of North America along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico, where barrier islands are found along more than 60 percent of the coastline. There are, in fact, 280 large-scale individual barrier features, 70 of which are highly developed and 100 more are being developed (Hobson, et al, 1980). These barriers have been built out of the enormous volumes of sediment available from the extensive watersheds of eastern and central North America and, through the ages, appear to have migrated long distances across a wide continental shelf in response to the interplay of waves and tidal currents, eustatic sea level fluctuations and sand supply. Barrier features are less in evidence on the west coast of North America though they are by no means absent. For example, along a 60-mile reach of the Oregon-Washington coast adjacent to the Columbia River mouth, impressive barrier spits have straightened the coast by blocking the bays and headlands. These are black-sand beaches, formed from the large sediment supply of the extensive inland basin of the Columbia (Bascom, 1980; Cooper, 1967), which has the 29thlargest discharge of the world's rivers (Inman and Nordstrom, 1971). The longest spit in this reach is about 19 miles long. The North Pacific coast is a high-energy wave environment, and these spits are continually shifting. Indeed, one of the most outstanding examples of continuing shore movement in North America is found at Cape Shoalwater at the north side of Willapa Bay, Washington where the inlet has migrated about 2.5 miles northward in the last 95 years across homesites, a cemetery and a lighthouse (Terich and Schwartz, 1981; US Corps of Engineers, 1971a).

Hydrodynamic, neotectonic and climatic control of the evolution of a barrier beach in the microtidal environment of the NE Ionian Sea (eastern Mediterranean)

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serafim E. Poulos ◽  
George Ghionis ◽  
Efthymia Verykiou ◽  
Grigoris Roussakis ◽  
Dimitrios Sakellariou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Barrier Beach ◽  
Climatic Control

scholarly journals Calendaricities and multimodality in the Eastern Mediterranean cyclonic activity

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Osetinsky ◽  
P. Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Main Peak ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Cyclonic Activity ◽  
Calendar Dates ◽  
Weather Anomalies

Abstract. Calendaricities, or the occurrence of weather anomalies on fixed calendar dates, are investigated for the Eastern Mediterranean (EM). The anomalies discussed here are the maxima and minima in the frequency of occurrence of the EM synoptic systems bearing rainfall. Those are mostly the Winter Lows passing over Cyprus en route eastward of the Ionian Sea where they are generated in situ or come to from N. Italy. The Winter Lows produce the rainfall over the central and northern EM areas, including Cyprus, Israel, Lebanon, NW Syria, W. Jordan. The southern EM areas, i.e. S. Israel and NE Egypt, get rainfall followed by floods due to the Winter Lows as well, and in addition, due to a small proportion of the mostly dry Red Sea Troughs that occasionally turn out to cause heavy rainfall. The analysis of the daily resolved data based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis is carried out. A comparison of two 28-yr periods, 1948–1975 and 1976–2003, different in global climatology, showed their similarity in the timing of peaks in EM cyclonic activity. The winter was found to have five maxima of cyclonic activity, centered on early February and nearly bell-shaped over their magnitudes. This supports the earlier hypotheses of multimodality in the EM rainfall. The Red Sea Troughs have their main peak of occurrence in the late October – early November, and their small rain-bearing proportion falls as well on this period of a year.

Stratigraphic organisation of a composite macrotidal wedge: the Holocene sedimentary infilling of the Mont-Saint-Michel Bay (NW France)

2010 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Tessier ◽  
Isabelle Billeaud ◽  
Patrick Lesueur
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
The North ◽  
Most Significant Change ◽  
Main Component ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Main Factor

Abstract The Mont-Saint-Michel Bay (NW France) is a composite macrotidal environment that was filled up in the course of the Holocene transgression and sea-level highstand. Three main sub-environments constitute the present-day landscape of the bay: 1) a wide embayment with extensive mud to sandflats in the south, 2) a sandy to muddy channel-and-shoal estuarine system in the east, 3) a wave-dominated sandy coast composed of beach and dune barrier in the north. The Holocene infill of this composite macrotidal basin has been studied thanks to a set of vibrocores and VHR seismic data. The main results are summarized as follows: the TST is composed by a low-energy aggradational unit in the axis of the estuarine valley, and by high-energy sediment bodies (tidal dunes and banks) outside the valley; the HST (post 6500 yr B.P.) constitutes the main component of the infill. In the north, it is characterised by an aggradational unit made of back-barrier tidal lagoonal infill successions. In the embayment, it is represented by an aggradational unit composed of tidal-flat deposits. In the estuarine axis, the HST is constituted by a sand-dominated tidal channel-and-shoal belt. The rate of the Holocene sea-level rise appears to be the main factor of control of the infill architecture of the Mont-Saint-Michel Bay since the most significant change occurred around 6500 yr B.P. when the transgression slowed down. The interaction between hydrodynamic agents and sediment supply exerts as well a key control, especially during the late Holocene, when transgression is slow. The impact of climate changes is recorded in the infill during this period. The rocky substrate hypsometry should be considered also as a major forcing parameter as it determines the potential of preservation of the infill in relation with the depth of ravinement by tidal currents.

Comparative assessment of morphological mechanisms of maintaining structural liver homeostasis in the dynamics of exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride on the body

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
M. S. Bugaeva ◽  
O. I. Bondarev ◽  
N. N. Mikhailova ◽  
L. G. Gorokhova
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
System Level ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Coal Rock ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structural Homeostasis ◽  
Rock Dust

Introduction. The impact on the body of such factors of the production environment as coal-rock dust and fluorine compounds leads to certain shift s in strict indicators of homeostasis at the system level. Maintaining the relative constancy of the internal environment of the body is provided by the functional consistency of all organs and systems, the leading of which is the liver. Organ repair plays a crucial role in restoring the structure of genetic material and maintaining normal cell viability. When this mechanism is damaged, the compensatory capabilities of the organ are disrupted, homeostasis is disrupted at the cellular and organizational levels, and the development of the main pathological processes is noted.The aim of the study is to compare the morphological mechanisms of maintaining structural homeostasis of the liver in the dynamics of the impact on the body of coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride.Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on adult white male laboratory rats. Features of morphological mechanisms for maintaining structural homeostasis of the liver in the dynamics of exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride were studied on experimental models of pneumoconiosis and fluoride intoxication. For histological examination in experimental animals, liver sampling was performed after 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks of the experiment.Results. The specificity of morphological changes in the liver depending on the harmful production factor was revealed. It is shown that chronic exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride is characterized by the development of similar morphological changes in the liver and its vessels from the predominance of the initial compensatory-adaptive to pronounced violations of the stromal and parenchymal components. Long-term inhalation of coal-rock dust at 1–3 weeks of seeding triggers adaptive mechanisms in the liver in the form of increased functional activity of cells, formation of double-core hepatocytes, activation of immunocompetent cells and endotheliocytes, ensuring the preservation of the parenchyma and the general morphostructure of the organ until the 12th week of the experiment. Exposure to sodium fluoride leads to early disruption of liver compensatory mechanisms and the development of dystrophic changes in the parenchyma with the formation of necrosis foci as early as the 6th week of the experiment.Conclusions. The study of mechanisms for compensating the liver structure in conditions of long-term exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride, as well as processes that indicate their failure, and the timing of their occurrence, is of theoretical and practical importance for developing recommendations for the timely prevention and correction of pathological conditions developing in employees of the aluminum and coal industry.The authors declare no conflict of interests.

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