scholarly journals Mapping and modelling helminth infections in ruminants in Europe: experience from GLOWORM

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Rinaldi ◽  
Guy Hendrickx ◽  
Giuseppe Cringoli ◽  
Annibale Biggeri ◽  
Els Ducheyne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Area ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Liver Flukes

Mapping and modelling helminth infections in cattle and sheep in Europe through advanced geospatial research was one of the main task of GLOWORM, a three year project (2012-2014) funded under the European Commission’s (EC) seventh framework programme (FP7). Liver flukes as <em>Fasciola hepatica</em> and gastrointestinal nematodes, such as <em>Haemonchus contortus</em> were chosen for the project since these parasites constitute a major cause of lost productivity in small and large ruminants. The output of the GLOWORM project delivered guidelines for standardized and harmonized cross-sectional surveys of helminth parasites in ruminants allowing the development of updated prevalence maps and multi-scale, spatial models for the European area.

scholarly journals Intestinal Helminth Infections, Compliance and Effectiveness of Albendazole Treatment among CDC Workers (18-45 Years) in Tiko, South-West Region, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Judith Lum Ndamukong-Nyanga ◽  
Dioh Njanakea Owah ◽  
Nyanga Bernard Yunga ◽  
Desdemona Njabi Nji ◽  
Changsen Jacqueline
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stool Samples

Intestinal helminthes infections are among the most prevalent of chronic human infections worldwide. These infections are common among people who work under very poor conditions most of the time without protective hand gloves, shoes and uniforms in the field. A cross-sectional study was done to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminthes among Cameroon Development Cooperation (CDC) workers and their compliance to anti-helminthic treatement form November 2017 to April 2018. It involved 102 workers aged18-45 years attending CDC cottage Hospital in Tiko. A cross-sectional study was done in which demographic data and data related to predisposing factors and preventive measures was collected using a simplified questionnaire, stool samples were collected pre and post treatement. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of stool samples was carried out in the hospital laboratory. Out of 102 people, a total of 81 (79.4%) people were infected with one or more species of intestitinal helminthes and there was significant difference in the infection with respect to various helminthes species (0.004). Among the 81 infected cases, 58(71.6%) were infected with single helminth species and 23 (28.4%) were infected with more than one species (coinfection). Intestinal helminths varied significantly among the participants with prevalences of 24.5% for T. trichuris, 6,9% for Hookworm, 0.9% for S. japanicum, 24.5% for S. haematobium, 34.3% for A. lumbricoides and 7.8% for S.  mansoni (P<0.004). Out of the 40 participants who took the drug (albendazole), 32 (80%) came for retesting and disappointedly, 8 (20.00%) of the treated participants did not come.  A majority of the 32 people retested were negative (28, 87.5%) for all species of intestinal helminth parasites, 4 (12.5%) still tested positive for the parasite presence in their stool among which 2 had schistosoma haematobium, one had schistosoma mansoni and one had Ascaris lumbricoides. Workers were recommended to wear protective hand gloves, and proper working shoes in line with their work description.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Major Pasture-Borne Parasitoses (Gastrointestinal Nematodes, Liver Flukes and Lungworms) in German Dairy Cattle Herds, Association with Management Factors and Impact on Production Parameters

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2078
Author(s):  
Andrea Springer ◽  
Daniela Jordan ◽  
Alina Kirse ◽  
Bettina Schneider ◽  
Amely Campe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Management Factors ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Liver Flukes

Pasture-borne parasites adversely affect bovine health and productivity worldwide. In Europe, gastrointestinal nematodes, especially Ostertagia ostertagi, the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica and the lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus represent the most important parasites of dairy cattle. The present study assessed exposure towards these parasites among 646 cattle herds in three parts of Germany during 2017–2019 via antibody detection in bulk tank milk (BTM). Overall, O. ostertagi levels indicative of production losses were detected in 41.2% (266/646; 95% confidence interval (CI): 37.4–45.1%) of BTM samples, while F. hepatica seroprevalence amounted to 14.9% (96/646; 95% CI: 12.2–17.9%). Only 2.3% (15/646; 95% CI: 1.4–3.9%) of samples were D. viviparus antibody-positive. Significantly lower O. ostertagi as well as F. hepatica seroprevalence was detected in dual-purpose breeds compared to high-performance breeds from the same region. Management factors related to parasite exposure included access to fresh grass and hay, silage quality and anthelmintic treatment. Furthermore, F. hepatica and O. ostertagi seropositivity was significantly associated with suboptimal herd-level body condition. Interestingly, the relationship between seropositivity and productivity differed between breed types. Negative impacts on milk yield were detected only in high-performance breeds, while O. ostertagi seropositivity was associated with a lower milk fat content in dual-purpose herds.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Helminthiasis in Horses and Donkeys of Hawassa District, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mesfin Mathewos ◽  
Dawit Girma ◽  
Haben Fesseha ◽  
Metages Yirgalem ◽  
Eyob Eshetu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Gi Helminths

Background. Gastrointestinal helminth parasite infection is a major influencing factor against the profitability of working equines all over the world. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal tract (GI) helminths and assess the associated risk factors in donkeys and horses in the Hawassa district. A total of 214 fecal samples were collected from randomly selected equines (112 donkeys and 102 horses) and examined for the presence of eggs of GI helminths using standard coprological techniques. Results. According to the current study, the prevalence of GI helminths in equine was 78.5% (168/214) and the highest prevalence was reported in donkeys 92% (103/112) as compared to horses 63% (65/102). Out of 168 positive samples, the different species of parasites were identified, namely, Strongyle species 120 (56.1%), Strongyloides westeri 76 (35.5%), Parascaris equorum 54 (25.2%), Anoplocephala perfoliata 34 (15.8%), Oxyuris equi 20 (9.3%), Fasciola hepatica 18 (8.8%), Gastrodiscus species 12 (5.6%), and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi 4 (1.8%). There was a strong association between the prevalence of GI helminths and factors such as the species of equine, body condition scores, and feed type ( p  < 0.05). However, no significant association ( p  > 0.05) was observed between the prevalence of GI helminths and putative risk factors such as age, sex, housing, and water source. The coproculture performed on 30 pooled fecal samples revealed that Cyathostomes species, Strongylus vulgaris, and Strongylus edentatus were the major helminth parasites of donkeys and horses. Conclusion. The frequency of gastrointestinal helminths in equine species was high, especially in donkeys. Hence, strategic deworming using broad-spectrum antihelminthic drugs and a rotational grazing program should be implemented to control and prevent the diseases.

Survey of One-handed Lifting in Manufacturing Industry: A Cross-sectional Study of the BackWorks Study Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 942-946
Author(s):  
Ruoliang Tang ◽  
Jay M. Kapellusch ◽  
Andrew S. Merryweather ◽  
Matthew S. Thiese ◽  
Kurt T. Hegmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Materials Handling ◽  
Manual Materials Handling ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
The One

Low back pain (LBP) is a common health problem and a major cause of lost productivity in workplaces. Manual materials handling (MMH) jobs have traditionally been regarded as risk factor for LBP. Compared to two-handed lifting, one-handed lifting has received little attention in both epidemiological and biomechanical research. In addition, one frequent complaint of the revised NIOSH lifting equation (RNLE) has been the lack of capability to directly evaluate one-handed lifting. Modifications have been proposed by the European Union, however their efficacy and influence have not yet been evaluated. This cross-sectional study provided objective survey of the MMH jobs, especially the one-handed lifting performed in manufacturing industry and investigated the outcomes of three proposed methods to address one-handed lifting using RNLE approach. Preliminary results suggest that workers with some one-handed lifting are associated with higher physical exposure. However, the increase was more significant among those who perform primarily one-handed lifting.

scholarly journals Chronic Wasting Due to Liver and Rumen Flukes in Sheep

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kahl ◽  
Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna ◽  
Jürgen Krücken ◽  
Martin Ganter
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Juvenile Worm ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
Common Liver Fluke

Grazing sheep and goats are constantly exposed to helminth infections in many parts of the world, including several trematode species that causes a range of clinical diseases. The clinical picture of flukes is dependent upon the organs in which they develop and the tissues they damage within the respective organs. Accordingly, infections with the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica, which, as juvenile worm migrates through the liver parenchyma for several weeks, may be associated with hepatic disorders such as impairment of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism, followed by chronic wasting. In contrast, the lancet fluke Dicrocoelium dendriticum, which does not exhibit tissue migration and thus does not lead to major tissue damage and bleeding, also does not lead to significant clinical symptoms. Rumen flukes such as Cotylophoron daubneyi cause catarrhal inflammation during their migration through the intestinal and abomasal epithelium during its juvenile stages. Depending on the infection intensity this may result in a range of clinical symptoms including diarrhoea, inappetence or emaciation. In this review, we aim to provide an update on the current knowledge on flukes particularly concerning the clinical relevance of the most important fluke species in sheep.

scholarly journals Recognition Pattern of the Fasciola hepatica Excretome/Secretome during the Course of an Experimental Infection in Sheep by 2D Immunoproteomics

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
David Becerro-Recio ◽  
Javier González-Miguel ◽  
Alberto Ucero ◽  
Javier Sotillo ◽  
Álvaro Martínez-Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Cathepsin L ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Immunogenic Proteins ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
First Time

Excretory/secretory products released by helminth parasites have been widely studied for their diagnostic utility, immunomodulatory properties, as well as for their use as vaccines. Due to their location at the host/parasite interface, the characterization of parasite secretions is important to unravel the molecular interactions governing the relationships between helminth parasites and their hosts. In this study, the excretory/secretory products from adult worms of the trematode Fasciola hepatica (FhES) were employed in a combination of two-dimensional electrophoresis, immunoblot and mass spectrometry, to analyze the immune response elicited in sheep during the course of an experimental infection. Ten different immunogenic proteins from FhES recognized by serum samples from infected sheep at 4, 8, and/or 12 weeks post-infection were identified. Among these, different isoforms of cathepsin L and B, peroxiredoxin, calmodulin, or glutathione S-transferase were recognized from the beginning to the end of the experimental infection, suggesting their potential role as immunomodulatory antigens. Furthermore, four FhES proteins (C2H2-type domain-containing protein, ferritin, superoxide dismutase, and globin-3) were identified for the first time as non-immunogenic proteins. These results may help to further understand host/parasite relationships in fasciolosis, and to identify potential diagnostic molecules and drug target candidates of F. hepatica.

scholarly journals The Interaction between HIV and Intestinal Helminth Parasites Coinfection with Nutrition among Adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. Mkhize ◽  
M. Mabaso ◽  
T. Mamba ◽  
C. E. Napier ◽  
Z. L. Mkhize-Kwitshana
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Comprehensive Primary Health Care ◽  
Kwazulu Natal

In South Africa few studies have examined the effects of the overlap of HIV and helminth infections on nutritional status. This cross-sectional study investigated the interaction between HIV and intestinal helminths coinfection with nutritional status among KwaZulu-Natal adults. Participants were recruited from a comprehensive primary health care clinic and stratified based on their HIV, stool parasitology, IgE, and IgG4 results into four groups: the uninfected, HIV infected, helminth infected, and HIV-helminth coinfected groups. The nutritional status was assessed using body mass index, 24-hour food recall, micro-, and macronutrient biochemical markers. Univariate and multivariate multinomial probit regression models were used to assess nutritional factors associated with singly and dually infected groups using the uninfected group as a reference category. Biochemically, the HIV-helminth coinfected group was associated with a significantly higher total protein, higher percentage of transferrin saturation, and significantly lower ferritin. There was no significant association between single or dual infections with HIV and helminths with micro- and macronutrient deficiency; however general obesity and low micronutrient intake patterns, which may indicate a general predisposition to micronutrient and protein-energy deficiency, were observed and may need further investigations.

scholarly journals Survey of iodine deficiency and intestinal parasitic infections in school-going children: Bie Province, Angola

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1314-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Tomlinson ◽  
Vera Adams ◽  
Mickey Chopra ◽  
Pieter Jooste ◽  
Emmerentia Strydom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
International Health ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
The Government

AbstractObjectiveTo obtain baseline pre-intervention prevalence levels of iodine deficiency and parasitic and helminth infections in school-going children in Bie Province, Angola.DesignA cross-sectional study conducted in randomly selected schools. The target population was children aged 6–10 years.SettingBie Province, Angola.SubjectsA total of 1029 children sampled, with 791 stool samples and 826 urine samples collected from twenty-four schools.ResultsWidespread severe and moderate deficiencies in iodine. Children in five schools were severely iodine deficient. All sampled schoolchildren were iodine deficient to a greater or lesser extent. In all, 80 % of all children across the twenty-four schools were infected with one or a combination of intestinal helminths and intestinal protozoa.ConclusionsThese findings have serious implications for the cognitive development of Angolan children, as well as for Angola’s development in terms of productivity and economic potential. It is strongly recommended that the provincial and national Ministries of Health, in collaboration with international health agencies, immediately plan and implement a strategy to provide sufficient iodine through iodised oil capsules and iodised salt to the iodine-deficient population. National coalitions need to be strengthened among the government, partners and salt producers. It is also recommended that all the children in schools be de-wormed for multiple helminth species at least twice a year.

scholarly journals Risk factors relating to helminth infections in cows during the peripartum

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenevaldo Barbosa da Silva ◽  
Charles Passos Rangel ◽  
Bruna de Azevedo Baêta ◽  
Adivaldo Henrique da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Peripartum Period ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this study was to investigate whether season, lactation number, breed standard and milk production were risk factors relating to occurrences of gastrointestinal nematodes in dairy cows during the peripartum period. Eighty-four cows were randomly selected through proportional stratified sampling. In order to analyze the fecal egg per gram (EPG) count, the data were subjected to the Spearman test, Kruskal-Wallis test at 5% significance and linear regression. At the time of calving, the cows showed high EPG counts in relation to all variables analyzed. Among the animals studied, we observed that purebred Holstein cows at their first lactation and with high milk production showed high EPG counts (600) and comprised the group most at risk within the herd studied. In this group, the animals showed moderate EPG during the prepartum period (300) and a significant increase (p < 0.01) in EPG count from the time of calving (900), i.e. an increase of the order of 300%. Selection of animals for milk production in tropical countries should be based not only on productive potential, but also on adaptive features.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document