scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Major Pasture-Borne Parasitoses (Gastrointestinal Nematodes, Liver Flukes and Lungworms) in German Dairy Cattle Herds, Association with Management Factors and Impact on Production Parameters

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2078
Author(s):  
Andrea Springer ◽  
Daniela Jordan ◽  
Alina Kirse ◽  
Bettina Schneider ◽  
Amely Campe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Management Factors ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Liver Flukes

Pasture-borne parasites adversely affect bovine health and productivity worldwide. In Europe, gastrointestinal nematodes, especially Ostertagia ostertagi, the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica and the lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus represent the most important parasites of dairy cattle. The present study assessed exposure towards these parasites among 646 cattle herds in three parts of Germany during 2017–2019 via antibody detection in bulk tank milk (BTM). Overall, O. ostertagi levels indicative of production losses were detected in 41.2% (266/646; 95% confidence interval (CI): 37.4–45.1%) of BTM samples, while F. hepatica seroprevalence amounted to 14.9% (96/646; 95% CI: 12.2–17.9%). Only 2.3% (15/646; 95% CI: 1.4–3.9%) of samples were D. viviparus antibody-positive. Significantly lower O. ostertagi as well as F. hepatica seroprevalence was detected in dual-purpose breeds compared to high-performance breeds from the same region. Management factors related to parasite exposure included access to fresh grass and hay, silage quality and anthelmintic treatment. Furthermore, F. hepatica and O. ostertagi seropositivity was significantly associated with suboptimal herd-level body condition. Interestingly, the relationship between seropositivity and productivity differed between breed types. Negative impacts on milk yield were detected only in high-performance breeds, while O. ostertagi seropositivity was associated with a lower milk fat content in dual-purpose herds.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal nematodes and Fasciola hepatica in Norwegian cattle herds: a questionnaire to investigate farmers’ perceptions and control strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonje Opsal ◽  
Ingrid Toftaker ◽  
Ane Nødtvedt ◽  
Lucy Jane Robertson ◽  
Kristoffer Relling Tysnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Pasture management influences the prevalence and impact of the pasture parasites (PP) in cattle herds, which cause production-limiting disease worldwide. Evaluating farmer management strategies is vital when considering sustainable PP control practices. The aim of this questionnaire-based study was to describe the pasture management and control strategies regarding PP in Norwegian beef cattle (BC) and dairy cattle (DC) production systems with a focus on gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) and Fasciola hepatica. Results A total of 745 responses from BC (return rate 20.5%) and 1347 responses from DC farmers (30.7%) were included. The mean total pasture time for DC was 4.2 months for first-season grazers and 4.3 months for second-season grazers and cows, while the corresponding finding in BC was 5.4 months. Home pasture was used for most of the pasture period, particularly for first-season grazer dairy heifers (81%), which were also commonly grazed on the same pasture every year (79%). For most farmers it was necessary for grazing areas to be used for cattle for more than one season (77% of BC farmers and 89% of DC farmers). However, changing the pasture during the season was common in both DC (67%) and BC (70%) herds. The majority of DC farmers (60%) stated that they did not consider that they had a problem with PP. Of the remaining 40%, few respondents could specify whether their herds had a problem due to infection by GIN (11%) or liver flukes (12%). Treatment for GIN was performed by 52% of DC and 34% of BC farmers. Diagnostic faecal samples were collected upon suspicion of parasitic disease by 5% of DC and 16% of BC farmers. Veterinarians were stated as a central source of information about parasite management and treatment. Conclusions Potential risks for exposure to PP were identified, such as use of the same pasture every year for first-season grazers and frequent use of home pasture. The perception of problems related to PP appeared low. Regular anthelmintic treatment without concurrent use of diagnostic faecal samples seems to be common practice.

scholarly journals Development of a spatial model and risk mapping of Fasciola hepatica infection in dairy cattle herds from two district of the Peruvian central highlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
David José Godoy Padilla ◽  
Samuel Pizarro Carcausto ◽  
Jorge Manuel Cardenas Callirgos ◽  
Andrea Margot Briones Montero ◽  
Javier Ñaupari Vasquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Spatial Model ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Risk Mapping ◽  
Hepatica Infection ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
Cattle Herds

scholarly journals Occurrence of internal parasites in cattle in various management systems in South-East Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 501-506
Author(s):  
KRZYSZTOF TOMCZUK ◽  
KLAUDIUSZ SZCZEPANIAK ◽  
MARTA DEMKOWSKA-KUTRZEPA ◽  
MONIKA ROCZEŃ-KARCZMARZ ◽  
ANDRZEJ JUNKUSZEW ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Management System ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Production Type ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Internal Parasites

The changes in the cattle farming system in Poland observed in the last two decades and related to its evolution into massive scale, specialized farming may have an influence on the occurrence of parasitoses. The study was aimed at showing differences in the prevalence of internal parasites in cattle depending on the herd size, management system and production type. In the period of October to December in 2016 and 2017, the study covered 46 farms with a livestock density from 2 to 160 animals (over 1 year of age), including 25 farms with a confined management system, 12 farms using pastures occasionally and 7 farms with animals using pastures during the whole season. Out of these farms, 36 were oriented towards dairy cattle and 10 to beef cattle. The analytical methods involved flotation, sedimentation and the Baermann technique. In total, 276 feces samples were analyzed. The analysis involved a representative number of samples from each farm, depending on the herd size: from 100% of the animals in the smallest farms to 10% in the largest ones. In total, eleven different taxa of parasites were identified, and their general prevalence was as follows: Eimeria spp. 24.6%, Buxtonella sulcata 25.7%, Strongyloides papillosus 7.6%, gastrointestinal nematodes (Trichostrongylidae, Chabertia, Oesophagostomum) 35.1%, Nematodirus spp. 4.7%, Bunostomum phlebotomum 7.6%, Trichuris spp. 6.2%, Fasciola hepatica 6.9%, Paramphistomum spp 2.5%, Moniezia spp. 2.9%, Dictyocaulus viviparus 2.5%. The forms of parasites were found in samples coming from all studied herds. Invasions of protozoa (Eimeria, Buxtonella) were most commonly found in dairy cattle, in large herds managed in a free stall barn system and in beef cattle, in large herds managed in a pasture system. These herds were also most frequently infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. The invasions of trematodes, tapeworms and pulmonary nematodes were detected only in cattle using pastures, most commonly in large herds..

Comparative assessment of the access of albendazole, fenbendazole and triclabendazole toFasciola hepatica: effect of bile in the incubation medium

Parasitology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. ALVAREZ ◽  
M. L. MOTTIER ◽  
C. E. LANUSSE
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Diffusion Kinetic ◽  
Physicochemical Composition ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Liver Flukes

The work reported here describes the comparative ability of albendazole (ABZ), fenbendazole (FBZ) and triclabendazole (TCBZ) to penetrate through the tegument of matureFasciola hepatica, and the influence of the physicochemical composition of the incubation medium on the drug diffusion process. The data obtained from the trans-tegumental diffusion kinetic studies were complemented with the determination of lipid-to-water partition coefficients (octanol-water) for the benzimidazole (BZD) anthelmintic drugs assayed. Sixteen-week-oldF. hepaticawere obtained from untreated artificially infected sheep. The flukes were incubated (37 °C) over 60 and 90 min in incubation media (pH 7·4) prepared with different proportions of ovine bile and Krebs' Ringer Tris (KRT) buffer (100, 75, 50, 25 and 0% of bile) containing either ABZ, FBZ or TCBZ at a final concentration of 5 nmol/ml. After the incubation time expired, the liver fluke material was chemically processed and analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to measure drug concentrations within the parasite. Additionally, the octanol-water partition coefficients (PC) for each molecule were calculated (as an indicator of drug lipophilicity) using reversed phase HPLC. The 3 BZD molecules were recovered fromF. hepaticaat both incubation times in all incubation media assayed. The trans-tegumental diffusion of the most lipophilic molecules ABZ and FBZ (higher PC values) tended to be greater than that observed for TCBZ. Interestingly, the uptake of ABZ by the liver flukes was significantly greater than that measured for TCBZ, the most widely used flukicidal BZD compound. This differential uptake pattern may be a relevant issue to be considered to deal with TCBZ-resistant flukes. Drug concentrations measured within the parasite were lower in the incubations containing the highest bile proportions. The highest total availabilities of the 3 compounds were obtained in liver flukes incubated in the absence of bile. Altogether, these findings demonstrated that the entry of the drug into a target parasite may not only depend on a concentration gradient, the lipophilicity of the molecule and absorption surface, but also on the physicochemical composition of the parasite's surrounding environment.

scholarly journals The Value of Milk Fat

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Eduardo P. Santos ◽  
Albert De Vries
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Fat Consumption ◽  
Management Factors ◽  
Animal Sciences

In the Southeast, milk is priced based on fat and skim milk value, with additional bonuses for somatic cell and bacterial counts. In recent years, butterfat has become more valuable. This 7-page document discusses some of the history behind the changes in milk fat consumption, management factors that influence milk fat content and yield by dairy cattle, and economic implications of changing fat content through the diet in two case scenarios. Written by José E. P. Santos and Albert De Vries, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Animal Sciences, January 2019.  http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/an350

scholarly journals Mapping and modelling helminth infections in ruminants in Europe: experience from GLOWORM

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Rinaldi ◽  
Guy Hendrickx ◽  
Giuseppe Cringoli ◽  
Annibale Biggeri ◽  
Els Ducheyne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Area ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Liver Flukes

Mapping and modelling helminth infections in cattle and sheep in Europe through advanced geospatial research was one of the main task of GLOWORM, a three year project (2012-2014) funded under the European Commission’s (EC) seventh framework programme (FP7). Liver flukes as <em>Fasciola hepatica</em> and gastrointestinal nematodes, such as <em>Haemonchus contortus</em> were chosen for the project since these parasites constitute a major cause of lost productivity in small and large ruminants. The output of the GLOWORM project delivered guidelines for standardized and harmonized cross-sectional surveys of helminth parasites in ruminants allowing the development of updated prevalence maps and multi-scale, spatial models for the European area.

Economic assessment of Ostertagia ostertagi and Fasciola hepatica infections in dairy cattle herds in Germany using Paracalc ®

2017 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Fanke ◽  
Johannes Charlier ◽  
Torsten Steppin ◽  
Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna ◽  
Jozef Vercruysse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Ostertagia Ostertagi ◽  
Cattle Herds

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EVALUATION RESULTS OF HOLSTEIN BLACK-MOTLEY BREEDING BULLS BY THEIR DAUGHTERS’ PRODUCTIVITY BASED ON OFFICIAL INSTRUCTIONS AND BLUP MODEL

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
K.ZH. ZHUMANOV ◽  
◽  
T.N. KARYMSAKOV ◽  
M.A. KINEEV ◽  
M.V. TAMAROVSKIY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Current Instruction ◽  
The Republic

According to the current “Instruction” used in dairy cattle selection and breeding in the Republic of Kazakhstan, bulls-producers of dairy breeds are assessed according to the their offspring quality based on the principle of “peer daughter”. This means that the phenotypic indicators of the daughters of the tested bulls are compared with the corresponding indicators of their peers. In European countries with developed dairy cattle breeding, as well as in Canada, the USA, etc., to ensure a reliable forecast of the genetic value of individuals (primarily, bulls-producers), use is made of the best linear unbiased forecast method (BLUP method). This method implies that the breeding value of producers is determined by the deviation values of the development of traits of the examined animal from its average values in the population. Especially urgent area is the research aimed at improving breeding programs, including assessing the breeding value of bulls-producers of dairy breeds using BLUP methods based on the productive qualities of the mass of dairy cattle in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The research material included the data on the phenotypic indicators of the milk productivity of first-calf cows (the amount of milk yield, the content of fat and protein in milk, the yield of milk fat and protein) of the Holstein black-motley dairy cattle breed, obtained from the information and analytical database of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2016–2017. It was found that when evaluating according to the official “Instruction”, 16 sires out of 256 bulls (6.2%) got the stud category in 2016, 14 sires (9.2%) out of 152 bulls in 2017, and – 30 sires of 249 bulls (12.0%) over the cumulative period. The results of the conducted research prove that the use of the classic “Instructions” in dairy cattle breeding has lower efficiency (by 42.8–90.0%) as compared with the assessment of the breeding value of bulls based on the BLUP method.The selection of sire bulls into breeding groups based on the “peer daughter” methodology is not reliable enough and rather ineffective. Comparing the results of assessing the breeding qualities of sire bulls, obtianed using two methods in all compared periods (2016, 2017, 2016–2017), the authors established a clear superiority of the BLUP method over the current Instruction used in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection in dairy cattle herds in northeast Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1201-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theerakul Nilnont ◽  
Suneerat Aiumlamai ◽  
Kwankate Kanistanont ◽  
Chaidate Inchaisri ◽  
Jaruwan Kampa
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus
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