scholarly journals Progressive pituitary hyperplasia over the course of 2 years demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging in a patient with long standing, profound primary hypothyroidism

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Kathryn J. Stephens ◽  
Jerome Rusin ◽  
Sasigarn A. Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pituitary Hyperplasia

Acromegaly Caused by a Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone-secreting Carcinoid Tumor: Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1356-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Altstadt ◽  
Biagio Azzarelli ◽  
Carl Bevering ◽  
James Edmondson ◽  
Paul B. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Carcinoid Tumor ◽  
Hormone Level ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Hyperplasia

Abstract OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE We describe a patient with acromegaly and pituitary hyperplasia secondary to a growth hormone-releasing hormone-secreting gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor. This case report illustrates the importance of including this rare clinical syndrome in the differential diagnosis of acromegaly for patients with suspected or known neuroendocrine tumors. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 19-year-old, Asian-American, male patient with a 2-year history of a nonresectable, metastatic, intestinal carcinoid tumor presented with complaints of headaches, arthralgias, sweats, and changing features. The examination revealed a young subject with acromegalic features, without visual field deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a diffuse sellar mass that extended suprasellarly to compress the optic chiasm. Endocrinological studies demonstrated a growth hormone level of more than 100 ng/ml and an inappropriately elevated growth hormone-releasing hormone level. INTERVENTION The patient underwent transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary mass for diagnostic and decompressive purposes. The pathological examination revealed pituitary hyperplasia, without evidence of an adenoma. Therapy with long-acting repeatable octreotide (Sandostatin LAR; Novartis AG, Basel, Switzerland) was initiated postoperatively, to further control the acromegaly and carcinoid tumor. The soft-tissue swelling resolved, and the patient remained free of headaches, arthralgias, and sweats at the 6-month follow-up examination. CONCLUSION Ectopic acromegaly is a rare syndrome that must be recognized by neurosurgeons because its treatment differs from that of classic pituitary acromegaly. We describe a patient for whom this syndrome was documented with magnetic resonance imaging, endocrinological testing, and pathological examinations.

scholarly journals Severe Prolonged Hypothyroidism

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1557467
Author(s):  
Yonatan Yeshayahu ◽  
Shirly Frizinsky ◽  
Raz Somech ◽  
Gal Dubnov-Raz
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Psychomotor Retardation ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pituitary Mass ◽  
Visual Field Examination

Background. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis usually presents with nonspecific systemic symptoms. The purpose of our study was to characterize the various properties of severe ongoing hypothyroidism and the rate of normalization following treatment. Methods. An adolescent girl with severe primary hypothyroidism was studied. Clinical evaluation, laboratory testing, brain magnetic resonance imaging, resting metabolic rate (RMR) testing, electroencephalogram, and visual field examination were performed at baseline and following treatment with levothyroxine. Results. At baseline, a significant psychomotor retardation was observed, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration was 1088.4 mIU/mL. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large intrasellar mass. Electroencephalogram was abnormal, and RMR was significantly reduced. Restoration of neurocognitive function and normalization of RMR, electroencephalogram, and laboratory tests occurred rapidly, alongside vanishing of the pituitary mass within 4 weeks of treatment. Conclusions. The various signs and symptoms of severe prolonged hypothyroidism may resolve rapidly with treatment, including the disappearance of a large pituitary mass.

scholarly journals Pituitary Tumor Transforming Gene Overexpression Facilitates Pituitary Tumor Development

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (10) ◽  
pp. 4781-4791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Donangelo ◽  
Shiri Gutman ◽  
Eva Horvath ◽  
Kalman Kovacs ◽  
Kolja Wawrowsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pituitary Tumor ◽  
Trophic Status ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pituitary Hyperplasia ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Transforming Gene

Intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli result in profound pituitary growth changes ranging from hypoplasia to hyperplasia. Pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) abundance correlates with pituitary trophic status. Mice with Pttg inactivation exhibit pituitary hypoplasia, whereas targeted pituitary PTTG overexpression driven by α-subunit glycoprotein (αGSU) promoter results in focal pituitary hyperplasia. To test the impact of pituitary hyperplasia on tumor development, we crossbred αGSU.PTTG with Rb+/− mice, which develop pituitary tumors with high penetrance. Pituitary glands of resulting bitransgenic αGSU.PTTGxRb+/− mice were compared with monotransgenic αGSU.PTTG, Rb+/−, and wild-type mice. Confocal microscopy showed that PTTG-overexpressing cells have enlarged nuclei and marked redistribution of chromatin, and electron microscopy of αGSU.PTTG pituitaries showed enlarged gonadotrophs with prominent Golgi complexes and numerous secretory granules. These morphological findings were even more remarkable in αGSU.PTTGxRb+/− pituitaries. Mice from all four genotypes were sequentially imaged by magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate pituitary volume, and glands from αGSU.PTTGxRb+/− mice were the largest as early as 2 months of age (P = 0.0003). Cumulative incidence of pituitary tumors visualized by magnetic resonance imaging did not differ between Rb+/− and αGSU.PTTGxRb+/− mice. However, anterior lobe tumors determined after necropsy were 3.5 times more frequent in αGSU.PTTGxRb+/− than in Rb+/− mice (P = 0.0036), whereas the frequency of intermediate lobe tumors was similar. In summary, αGSU.PTTGxRb+/− pituitary glands exhibit enhanced cellular activity, increased volume, and higher prevalence of anterior pituitary tumors, indicating that changes in pituitary PTTG content directly relate to both pituitary trophic status and tumorigenic potential.

Thyroid Ultrasound in Dogs: a Review

Ultrasound ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Taeymans
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Ultrasound ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Thyroid Neoplasia ◽  
Routine Imaging

This review describes the advantages and disadvantages of ultrasonography in the two most frequent thyroid pathologies of the dog: thyroid neoplasia and acquired primary hypothyroidism. Although ultrasonography and nuclear medicine are routine imaging modalities for the investigation of thyroid disease in dogs and cats, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are gaining increasing popularity. Both of these latter modalities are especially useful in staging thyroid neoplasia.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Peripartum Encephalopathy: A Pictorial Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 402-409
Author(s):  
Duraipandi Manjubashini ◽  
Krishnan Nagarajan ◽  
Mohan Amuthabarathi ◽  
Dasari Papa ◽  
Vaibhav Wadwekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pituitary Hyperplasia ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Postpartum Angiopathy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

AbstractAcute neurological problems are significant disorders of pre- and postpartum period in women. We analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) profile of patients presenting with peripartum encephalopathy over 2 years. Of 51 patients, MRI was abnormal in 40 patients and normal in 11 patients. Posterior reversible encephalopathy (13/40), cerebral venous thrombosis (6/40), and postpartum angiopathy (3/40) are the three most common causes of peripartum encephalopathy as identified in MRI. The other less common but important etiology include HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelet) syndrome (2), osmotic demyelination (2), antiphospholipid syndrome (2), tubercular meningitis/cerebritis (3), pituitary hyperplasia with hemorrhage (2), postictal edema (2), cerebellitis (1), transient splenial lesion (1), and changes of old trauma and stroke (one each).

Functional information from magnetic resonance imaging

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Alan P. Koretsky ◽  
Afonso Costa e Silva ◽  
Yi-Jen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Functional Information ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Resolution Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become established as an important imaging modality for the clinical management of disease. This is primarily due to the great tissue contrast inherent in magnetic resonance images of normal and diseased organs. Due to the wide availability of high field magnets and the ability to generate large and rapidly switched magnetic field gradients there is growing interest in applying high resolution MRI to obtain microscopic information. This symposium on MRI microscopy highlights new developments that are leading to increased resolution. The application of high resolution MRI to significant problems in developmental biology and cancer biology will illustrate the potential of these techniques.In combination with a growing interest in obtaining high resolution MRI there is also a growing interest in obtaining functional information from MRI. The great success of MRI in clinical applications is due to the inherent contrast obtained from different tissues leading to anatomical information.

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