scholarly journals Pleuropulmonary blastoma in a 3-year-old male child with recurrence in less than two months time

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Reyaz Ahmad Lone ◽  
Mohd Lateef Wani ◽  
Shadab Nabi Wani ◽  
Abdul Gani Ahangar ◽  
Furqan Nizami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Male Child ◽  
Pleuropulmonary Blastoma ◽  
Lung Tumours ◽  
Contralateral Lung ◽  
Malignant Lung Tumours

Pleuropulmonary blastoma is a rare childhood neoplasm accounting for less than one percent of all primary malignant lung tumours of children less than six years of age. Meta - stasis to central nervous system, orbit and iris, bone, contralateral lung and rarely adrenalglands, liver, kidney and pancreas has been described. We present a case of pleuropulmonary blastoma in a 3-year-old child who had a recurrence in less than three months, after surgical resection.

Analysis of demographics and outcomes of surgical resection in the CNS of patients with melanoma.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21534-e21534
Author(s):  
Achuta Kumar Guddati ◽  
Takefumi Komiya ◽  
Picon Hector ◽  
Allan N. Krutchik ◽  
Gagan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Home Healthcare ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Discharge Disposition ◽  
Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database ◽  
Significant Difference

e21534 Background: Patients with melanoma frequently develop central nervous system metastases. Oligometastatic disease is often treated either by surgical resection or by stereotactic radiotherapy. This study investigates the trends and clinical outcomes of patients with melanoma who have undergone surgical procedures on the central nervous system during their hospitalization. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed based on admissions of adult patients who underwent craniectomy/surgical resection for metastatic melanoma from 2002 -2014 using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. The primary outcome measure was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay(LOS) and discharge disposition (home/home with health care and skilled nursing facilities/long term acute care (SNF/LTAC)). Factors associated with in-hospital mortality were examined by multivariable logistic regression. We adjusted for patient and hospital characteristics, payer, and comorbid conditions. We also examined trends of mortality for the study years. P was kept at 0.05. Results: There were an estimated 5972 discharges of patients with melanoma undergoing craniectomy/surgical resection during the study period. Patients undergoing surgical interventions were typically males (69%) and whites (79%). 98% of procedures were performed at teaching hospitals. Unadjusted all-cause in-hospital mortality was 3.1%. There was no significant difference in mortality over 13 years. Age, gender, and race were not associated with increased in-hospital mortality. Median LOS was 5 days (IQR 3-9 days). LOS was longer in elderly and those with higher Charlson co-morbid index. Of the survivors, 76% were discharged to home or with home healthcare while 24% were discharged to SNF/LTAC. Patients with age > 65 (OR 2.9; 95%CI 2.2-3.9, p < 0.001) and those with higher Charlson co-morbid index (OR 1.2; 95%CI 1.1-1.3) had higher odds for being discharged to SNF/LTAC. Conclusions: Patients who undergo craniectomy/surgical resection for melanoma have a low in-hospital mortality rate. One quarter of patients are discharged to SNF/LTAC.

Changes in the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as predictors of outcome in pediatric patients with central nervous system tumors undergoing surgical resection

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Al Flores-Bustamante ◽  
Laura Hernández-Regino ◽  
Manuel-De-Jesús Castillejos-López ◽  
Daniel Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Arnoldo Aquino-Gálvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumors ◽  
Nervous System Tumors ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio

BACKGROUND: Changes in neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (ΔNLR) have been used as a clinical tool for stratification and prognosis of patients with solid tumors, there is scarce evidence of their clinical relevance in patients with tumors of the central nervous system who have also undergone surgical resection. OBJECTIVE: Determine if (ΔNLR) are associated with poor response to treatment and worse prognosis in pediatric patients with central nervous system tumors (CNST) who underwent surgical resection. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study; demographic, clinical, and hematological variables were evaluated, Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression model were performed to evaluate prognosis. RESULTS: The ΔNLR cutoff value obtained through the third interquartile range was 4.30; The probability of survival and complete response to treatment was different between patients with high ΔNLR when compared to patients with low ΔNLR (p= 0.013, p=≪ 0.001, respectively). A high ΔNLR behaved as an independent predictor of worse Overall Survival (HR 2,297; 95% CI: 1,075–4.908, p= 0.032). CONCLUSION: An elevated ΔNLR was a predictor of poor response to treatment and a prognostic factor for worse Overall Survival in pediatric patients with CNST undergoing surgical resection.

Congenital Glioblastoma Multiforme: An Unusual and Challenging Tumor

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (06) ◽  
pp. 403-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Anestis ◽  
Christina Ble ◽  
Vassilios Tsitouras ◽  
Christos Tsonidis ◽  
Parmenion Tsitsopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractCongenital glioblastoma multiforme is a rare tumor of the central nervous system with unique features. The existing evidence on its pathogenesis, genetic and molecular profile, special characteristics, treatment, and prognosis is reviewed. An increased number of antenatal diagnoses and prolonged survival for those individuals who can tolerate combined surgical resection and chemotherapy has been noted. The overall prognosis, however, remains poor. A better understanding of this unusual entity is important. Further research is needed to discern tumor's pathogenesis and natural history. This will likely lead to the development and implementation of treatment strategies that may decrease mortality and morbidity in these patients.

scholarly journals Meningioangiomatosis: Clinical, Imaging, and Histopathologic Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Mina S. Makary ◽  
Peter Kobalka ◽  
Pierre Giglio ◽  
H. Wayne Slone
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
Clinical Imaging ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
Calcified Lesion ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Meningioangiomatosis is a rare benign lesion involving the central nervous system. Radiographic appearance can be highly variable which makes pre-operative diagnosis difficult. In this report, we describe meningioangiomatosis in a previously healthy 17-year-old woman who presented with seizures and continued headache and dizziness. This patient presented with a predominately calcified lesion on imaging and eventually underwent near total resection. Meningioangiomatosis is difficult to preoperatively identify, but is an important consideration as prognosis with surgical resection is typically good.

Gliomatosis Cerebri Among Children and Adolescents: An Individual-Patient Data Meta-analysis of 182 Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios K. Georgakis ◽  
Georgios Tsivgoulis ◽  
Apostolos Pourtsidis ◽  
Eleni Th. Petridou
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Gliomatosis Cerebri ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumor ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Idh1 Mutations

Background: Gliomatosis cerebri is a rare but fatal widespread infiltrating central nervous system tumor. We aimed to describe diagnostic and prognostic features of gliomatosis cerebri among children and adolescents. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review for published case reports and case series on patients with histologically confirmed gliomatosis cerebri and extracted data on an individual patient level for those aged 0-18 years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were fit for overall survival. Results: Following screening of 274 published studies, 182 gliomatosis cerebri patients (63% males) aged 0-18 years with individual-level data available were identified. The most common presenting symptoms were seizures (52%), focal motor deficits (36%), and headache (30%). Imaging showed bilateral hemisphere involvement in 60%, infratentorial infiltration in 39%, and a focal contrast-enhanced mass (type II gliomatosis cerebri) in 27% of cases. Anaplastic astrocytoma was the most common histologic subtype of pediatric gliomatosis cerebri, whereas MGMT promoter methylation, IDH1 mutations, and codeletion of 1p/19q were less common molecular aberrations, as compared to adult gliomatosis cerebri. In the multivariable analyses, age at diagnosis >4 years, extended central nervous system infiltration, coordination abnormalities, and cognitive decline were predictors of worse outcome. Conversely, IDH1 mutations were associated with prolonged overall survival. Chemotherapy and extended surgical resection were associated with improved outcome, whereas radiotherapy was not associated with overall survival and was inferior to chemotherapy alone. Conclusion: Gliomatosis cerebri among children and adolescents presents distinct histopathologic and molecular features compared to adults. However, similar associations of chemotherapy, and, when feasible, extended surgical resection, with favorable outcomes were noted among the 2 age groups.

Intraoperative Transpedicular Onyx Injection to Reduce Vascularity of a Thoracic Hemangiopericytoma After Unsuccessful Preoperative Endovascular Embolization: a Technical Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. E17-E22
Author(s):  
Hazem Mashaly ◽  
Zoe Zhang ◽  
Andrew Shaw ◽  
Patrick Youssef ◽  
Ehud Mendel
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Vascular Tumor ◽  
Massive Bleeding ◽  
Endovascular Embolization ◽  
Intraoperative Blood Loss ◽  
Percutaneous Injection

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Hemangiopericytoma is a rare vascular tumor with central nervous system involvement representing only 1% of central nervous system tumors. They rarely affect the vertebral column. Complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice for hemangiopericytoma given their high rates of local recurrence. However, the high vascularity of such tumors with the risk of massive bleeding during surgery represents a significant challenge to surgeons. Therefore, preoperative endovascular embolization via the transarterial route has been advocated. CLINICAL PRESENTATION In the current study, we present a case of a T12 hemangiopericytoma that was managed by a 2-stage surgical resection, with the use of intraoperative transpedicular onyx injection to reduce intraoperative blood loss following an unsuccessful trial of preoperative endovascular embolization. CONCLUSION Preoperative endovascular embolization is not feasible in some cases due to the location of the segmental or radiculomedullary arteries in relation to tumor feeders and, rarely, small size of these arterial feeders. Percutaneous injection of onyx is an option. In this case report, we discuss direct intraoperative injection via a transpedicular route as a safe and effective method for decreasing the vascularity of some lesions and improving intraoperative blood loss.

Primary melanoma of the cochlea with cerebellopontine extension and leptomeningeal spread

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (S2) ◽  
pp. S59-S62
Author(s):  
A N Koshy ◽  
R J Briggs ◽  
M Dally
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Primary Melanoma ◽  
Leptomeningeal Disease ◽  
Resonance Imaging

AbstractBackground:Less than 1 per cent of tumours occurring in the region encompassing the internal auditory canal and the cerebellopontine angle are malignant. Primary central nervous system melanomas arising from this region are exceptionally rare and are often initially misdiagnosed as acoustic neuromas.Methods:We present a 71-year-old man with acute vestibular disturbance and unilateral hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a mass, thought to be a cochlear nerve schwannoma, involving the cochlea and the internal auditory canal. At surgery, a pigmented mass adherent to the facial nerve was visualised, and the observed histopathology was consistent with a malignant melanoma. No extracranial site for the primary tumour was found, suggestive of a primary central nervous system melanoma.Results:Despite surgical resection and adjuvant radiotherapy, the patient re-presented with extensive leptomeningeal disease 16 months later.Conclusion:Malignant tumours in the internal auditory canal and cerebellopontine angle region are rare. Early diagnosis and management are aided by recognition of characteristic factors such as a history of prior malignancy, atypical magnetic resonance imaging findings and accelerated audiovestibular symptoms. Despite the presented patient's outcome, total surgical resection with post-operative radiotherapy remains the recommended treatment.

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