Round-Robin of High-Frequency Test Methods by IPC-D24C Task Group

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-94
Author(s):  
Glenn Oliver ◽  
Jonathan Weldon ◽  
Chudy Nwachukwu ◽  
John Andresakis ◽  
John Coonrod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Round Robin ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Task Group ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Industry Standard

Currently, there is no industry standard test method for measuring dielectric properties of circuit board materials at frequencies greater than ~10 GHz. Various material vendors and test laboratories apply different approaches to determine these properties. It is common for these different approaches to yield varying values of key properties such as permittivity and loss tangent. The D-24C Task Group of IPC has developed this round-robin program to assess these various methods from the “bottom up” to determine if standardized methods can be agreed upon to provide the industry with more accurate and valid characteristics of dielectrics used in high-frequency and high-speed applications.

Plating reliability and high frequency testing of DuPont™ GreenTape™ 9K7 LTCC

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 000678-000682
Author(s):  
Allan Beikmohamadi ◽  
Patricia Graddy ◽  
Deepukumar Nair ◽  
Jim Parisi ◽  
Steve Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Thick Film ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Electroless Nickel ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Joint Reliability ◽  
Surface Finishes

Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) with low dielectric loss is suitable for use on microwave and millimeter wave circuits. Thick film gold or silver conductors are used as metallization on LTCC substrates. Gold prices are increasing at a rapid rate, so efforts were made to lower the dependency on gold by substituting silver with Ni/Au surface finishes as the top conductor. The external thick film silver conductors were plated using a standard Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG) process. The Ni/Au surface finishes provides substantial improvement to fretting corrosion, environmental protection, contact resistance, wire bond strengths, solder ability and solder joint reliability. The reliability testing of DuPont™ GreenTape™ 9K7 LTCC with Ni/Au surface finishes is being conducted. The reliability test methods & conditions were chosen from well-established industry standard test protocols. This paper reports the reliability and high frequency testing results on the ENIG plated GreenTape™ 9K7 LTCC system.

scholarly journals Towards Standardising SHPB Testing - A Round Robin Exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 02027
Author(s):  
Reuben Govender ◽  
Muhammad Kariem ◽  
Dong Ruan ◽  
Rafael Santiago ◽  
Dong Wei Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Round Robin ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Draft Standard ◽  
Shpb Test ◽  
Pressure Bar

The Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) test, while widely utilised for high strain rate tests, has yet to be standardised. As an exploratory step towards developing a standard test method or protocol, a Round Robin test series has been conducted between four institutions: (i) Swinburne University of Technology, Australia (ii) University of São Paulo, Brazil, (iii) University of Cape Town, South African and (iv) Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Each institution prepared specimens from a metallic material, and provided batches of specimens from their chosen material to the other institutions. The materials utilised in this round of testing were commercially pure copper and aluminium, magnesium alloy and stainless steel (316 grade). The intent of the first exercise is to establish the consistency of SHPB test results on nominally identical specimens at comparable elevated strain rates, conducted by different laboratories following notionally similar test procedures with some freedom in data processing. This paper presents and compares the results of the first batch of tests for copper, identifying variations between results from different laboratories. The variation between different laboratories’ results for copper is suffciently small that there is confidence in the potential to develop a draft standard in future.

scholarly journals An Innovative Test Method for Tensile Strength of Concrete by Applying the Strut-and-Tie Methodology

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Cheng Liao ◽  
Po-Shao Chen ◽  
Chung-Wen Hung ◽  
Suyash Kishor Wagh
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Tension Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Direct Tension ◽  
Direct Tension Test ◽  
Strut And Tie ◽  
Tensile Strength Test

Tensile strength is one of the important mechanical properties of concrete, but it is difficult to measure accurately due to the brittle nature of concrete in tension. The three widely used test methods for measuring the tensile strength of concrete each have their shortcomings: the direct tension test equipment is not easy to set up, particularly for alignment, and there are no standard test specifications; the tensile strengths obtained from the test method of splitting tensile strength (American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM C496) and that of flexural strength of concrete (ASTM C78) are significantly different from the actual tensile strength owing to mechanisms of methodologies and test setup. The objective of this research is to develop a new concrete tensile strength test method that is easy to conduct and the result is close to the direct tension strength. By applying the strut-and-tie concept and modifying the experimental design of the ASTM C78, a new concrete tensile strength test method is proposed. The test results show that the concrete tensile strength obtained by this proposed method is close to the value obtained from the direct tension test for concrete with compressive strengths from 25 to 55 MPa. It shows that this innovative test method, which is precise and easy to conduct, can be an effective alternative for tensile strength of concrete.

A Study on Improving the Adhesiveness between Granite and Asphalt by Nano-Scaled Calcium Carbonate

2013 ◽  
Vol 575-576 ◽  
pp. 54-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Hong Hao ◽  
Yan Min Wang ◽  
Ai Qin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Highway Engineering ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Marshall Stability

Granite, due to the poor adhesiveness with asphalt, cannot be widely used as aggregate in asphalt pavement. In this study, nanoscaled calcium carbonate (CaCO3), was selected as modifier to modify asphalt. The adhesion of aggregate and asphalt was evaluated by Boiling test method and the Marshall Test and Immersion Marshall Test were conducted on asphalt concrete (AC-16) according to the Standard Test Methods of Bitumen and Bituminous Mixture for Highway Engineering (JTG E20-2011). The results showed that When the Doping content of CaCO3 (%) is 7%, the adhesion levels reached up to 5 grade and achieved the project requirements. The Immersion Marshall Stability (MS1) of AC-16 CaCO3 modified asphalt concrete can improve 27.6% than that the Matrix asphalt concrete.

Evaluation of the Scott bond test method

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christer Fellers ◽  
Sören Östlund ◽  
Petri Mäkelä
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
Tensile Tester ◽  
Delamination Resistance ◽  
Energy Consuming

Abstract The Scott bond test is the most commonly used test method for quantifying the delamination resistance of paper and board. The objective of this investigation was to validate the hypothesis that the Scott bond value would be dominated by the total energy under the force elongation curve in a z-directional tensile test. The investigation comprised three types of hand sheets with comparatively low strength values. Three test methods were used to obtain the energy for delamination: 1) Z-test, a z-directional tensile test, 2) Scott bond test, and 3) Simulated Scott bond test, a Scott bond type of test performed in a hydraulic tensile tester. The test data were expressed as a correlation between the failure energy obtained from the Z-test and the other two tests. The results showed that the Scott bond test gave slightly higher values than the Z-test for the weakest paper, but that the value tended to be much higher for the stronger papers. On the other hand the Simulated Scott bond test tended to give lower values than the Z-test. High speed photography was used to reveal several energy consuming mechanisms in the Scott bond test that can explain why this test gave higher values than the Ztest. The lower values from the Simulated Scott bond values are more difficult to explain. At this stage we can suggest that the failure mechanism is different if the paper is delaminated by pure tension or by a gradual delamination as in the Scott bond test.

scholarly journals The Preparation of Graphene Reinforced Poly(vinyl alcohol) Antibacterial Nanocomposite Thin Film

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Cheng Cao ◽  
Wenjun Wei ◽  
Jiyan Liu ◽  
Qingliang You ◽  
Feiyan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficiency ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Japanese Industry ◽  
Food And Drink

Methylated melamine grafted polyvinyl benzylchloride (mm-g-PvBCl) was prepared which was used as additive in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene nanosheets (GNs) were used to reinforce the mechanical strength. Using casting method, antimicrobial nanocomposite films were prepared with the polymeric biocide loading lever of 1 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt%. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) characterization revealed the 2.0 wt% of graphene content in resultant nanocomposites films. XRD showed that the resultant GNs 2 theta was changed from 16.6 degree to 23.3 degree. Using Japanese Industry Standard test methods, the antimicrobial efficiency for the loading lever of 1 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt% was 92.0%, 95.8%, and 97.1%, respectively, against gram negative bacteriaE. coliand 92.3%, 99.6%, and 99.7%, respectively, against the gram positiveS. aureus. These results indicate the prepared nanocomposite films are the promising materials for the food and drink package applications.

Round-Robin Study of Asphalt-Concrete Content by Ignition

1996 ◽  
Vol 1543 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Brown ◽  
Stuart Mager
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Round Robin ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Round Robin Test ◽  
Asphalt Cement ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
The Difference

The National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) has developed a test method to determine the asphalt content of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures by ignition. In the ignition method, an HMA sample is subjected to heat of 538°C (1,000°F) in a furnace to ignite and burn the asphalt cement (AC) from the aggregate. The difference in weight of the sample before and after is used to determine the asphalt content of the mixture. The aggregate recovered after ignition testing may then be used for gradation analysis. A round-robin study was completed by NCAT to determine the accuracy and precision of the ignition method. The round-robin test program is discussed, as well as the accuracy and precision values determined for the measured AC content and gradation using the ignition method. The results of the round-robin study indicate that the ignition method can measure the AC content of HMA mixtures with greater precision than solvent-extraction methods, without significantly affecting the gradation of the aggregate. This test method has shown excellent potential for replacing existing test methods for measuring asphalt content.

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