scholarly journals Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin P. Chapman ◽  
Brent Roberts ◽  
Paul Duberstein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Emotional Suppression ◽  
Type D ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Personalized Medicine

We review evidence for links between personality traits and longevity. We provide an overview of personality for health scientists, using the primary organizing framework used in the study of personality and longevity. We then review data on various aspects of personality linked to longevity. In general, there is good evidence that higher level of conscientiousness and lower levels of hostility and Type D or “distressed” personality are associated with greater longevity. Limited evidence suggests that extraversion, openness, perceived control, and low levels of emotional suppression may be associated with longer lifespan. Findings regarding neuroticism are mixed, supporting the notion that many component(s) of neuroticism detract from life expectancy, but some components at some levels may be healthy or protective. Overall, evidence suggests various personality traits are significant predictors of longevity and points to several promising directions for further study. We conclude by discussing the implications of these links for epidemiologic research and personalized medicine and lay out a translational research agenda for integrating the psychology of individual differences into public health and medicine.

Neuropsychological function in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder

1999 ◽  
Vol 175 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Ferrier ◽  
Biba R. Stanton ◽  
T. P. Kelly ◽  
Jan Scott
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Neuropsychological Impairment ◽  
Neuropsychological Function ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Neuropsychological Dysfunction ◽  
Low Levels

BackgroundThe assumption that patients with bipolar disorder make a full inter-episode recovery has been challenged by limited evidence that suggests that neuropsychological dysfunction in bipolar disorder may persist beyond episodes of illness.AimsTo test the hypothesis that patients with euthymic bipolar disorder show neuropsychological impairment.MethodA battery of neuropsychological tests (assessed attention, working memory, learning and executive function) was administered to three matched groups of subjects: good-outcome patients with bipolar disorder (n=21); poor-outcome patients with bipolar disorder (n=20); controls (n=20). All patients were clinically euthymic, although some had low levels of depressive symptoms.ResultsPatients performed worse than controls on a number of neuropsychological tests. When age, premorbid IQ and depressive symptoms were controlled for, the results indicated impairment of executive function.ConclusionsThese findings provide good evidence for the existence of neuropsychological impairment in patients with euthymic bipolar disorder, although the possible effect of medication should not be overlooked. This may be of clinical relevance and raises questions about the course and outcome of the illness.

Extending the reach of public health genomics: What should be the agenda for public health in an era of genome-based and “personalized” medicine?

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 785-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wylie Burke ◽  
Hilary Burton ◽  
Alison E. Hall ◽  
Mohamed Karmali ◽  
Muin J. Khoury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Public Health Genomics ◽  
And Personalized Medicine
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