scholarly journals Study of a Fuel Supply Pump with a Piezoelectric Effect for Microdirect Alcohol Fuel Cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Kang Ma ◽  
Jyun-Sheng Wang ◽  
Wei-Yang Cheng ◽  
Shin-Han Huang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Injection System ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ethanol Injection ◽  
Piezoelectric Device ◽  
Pump Chamber ◽  
Chamber Volume ◽  
Alcohol Fuel

A novel design for an ethanol injection system has been proposed, which consists of one pump chamber, two valves, and one central-vibrating piezoelectric device. The system uses a microdiaphragm pump with a piezoelectric device for microdirect alcohol fuel cells. The diameters of the pump chamber are 31 mm and 23 mm, and the depths of the chamber are 1 mm and 2 mm. When the piezoelectric device actuates for changing pump chamber volume, the valves will be opened/closed, and the ethanol will be delivered into DAFC system due to the pressure variation. The chamber dimensions, vibrating frequencies of the piezoelectric device, and valve thickness are used as important parameters for the performance of the novel ethanol injection system. The experimental results show that the ethanol flow rate can reach 170 mL/min at a vibrating frequency of 75 Hz. In addition, the ethanol flow rate is higher than the water flow rate.

Study of a Fuel Supply Pump With a Piezoelectric Effect for Micro Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. Ma ◽  
S. H. Huang ◽  
B. R. Chen ◽  
Y. J. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Ethanol Injection ◽  
Piezoelectric Device ◽  
Pump Chamber

A novel design for an ethanol injection system has been proposed, which consists of the fuel injector, two valves, one pump chamber, and one piezoelectric device (central vibration). The system uses a micro-diaphragm pump with a piezoelectric device for the micro solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), which operate at a low temperature (550 to 600 °C) and are supplied by Enerage Inc. The diameters of the pump chamber are 31 mm and 23mm, and the depths of the chamber are 1 mm and 2 mm. When the piezoelectric device actuates for changing pump chamber volume, the valves will be opened/closed, and the ethanol will be delivered into SOFC system due to its pressure variation. The dimensions of the injector chamber, vibration frequencies of piezoelectric (PZT) device, input voltages, and valve thickness and shape, are used as important parameters for the performance of the novel ethanol injection system. The experimental results show that the ethanol flow rate can reach 170ml/min at a piezoelectric device frequency of 75Hz. In addition, the ethanol flow rate is higher than the water flow rate.

Performance evaluation and comparison of a serial–parallel hybrid multichamber piezoelectric pump

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1995-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghua Zhang ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
Shuyun Wang ◽  
Junwu Kan ◽  
Jianming Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Piezoelectric Pump ◽  
Actuation Frequency ◽  
Chamber Volume ◽  
Parallel Hybrid ◽  
In Series ◽  
Chamber Pump ◽  
Dependent Flow

To improve the output capability of piezoelectric pumps, researchers have made an attempt to combine multiple single-chamber pumps either in series or in parallel. In this article, a serial–parallel hybrid multichamber piezoelectric pump is presented. The novel serial–parallel hybrid multichamber piezoelectric pump structure is characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of serial/parallel forms through a combination of synchronous and asynchronous modes of piezoelectric actuators. Moreover, the pump can be operated in multiple working modes to obtain the desired chamber volume and number through different serial–parallel configurations. The performance characteristics of the pump with various serial–parallel hybrid combinations were experimentally investigated and evaluated using a quintuple-chamber pump at 90 V with a frequency range of 60–400 Hz. Experimental results showed that the characteristics in terms of flow rate and backpressure changed significantly with different serial–parallel modes. Nevertheless, the backpressure presented very similar characteristics for the serial–parallel hybrid multichamber piezoelectric pump with the same number of in-phase parallel actuators. Meanwhile, the frequency-dependent flow rate characteristics were approximately similar for those pumps with symmetric serial–parallel combinations. It was found that the flow rate and backpressure mainly depended on the actuation frequency and serial–parallel modes, respectively. Compared with the quintuple-chamber pump with full out-of-phase actuators, the maximum powers of the serial–parallel hybrid multichamber piezoelectric pump with two, three, four, and five in-phase actuators were decreased by 21.1%, 51.4%, 77.7%, and 94.4%, respectively.

Effect of Regulation Valves Installation in High Pressure Injection System Pipelines on the Formation of Reactor Vessel Thermal Stress Conditions

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Mazurok ◽  
Maksym Vyshemirskyi
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Pressure Injection ◽  
Cooling Water Flow Rate ◽  
High Pressure Injection

Effect of regulation valves (RV) installation in high pressure injection system (HPIS) pipelines on the formation of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) thermal stress conditions was analyzed. Modernization is implemented at South-Ukrainian nuclear power plant (SUNPP) Unit 1 within the framework of life extension, which finished by the end of 2013. The main goal of the modernization is to expand the HPIS functionality for small leak accident and protection against the cold overpressurization due to flow rate and primary pressure effectively regulation. The thermal hydraulic model for RELAP5/mod3.2 code with detailed downcomer (DC) model and changes in accordance with modernization was used for calculations. Detailed (realistic) modeling of piping and equipment was performed. Also, an algorithm for the RVs was developed. Applying of cooling water flow rate regulation avoids excessive primary cooling and, consequently, helps to preserve the RPV integrity and to prevent reaching through crack formation, which can lead to a severe accident.

On the Influence of the Slot Orifice in Diesel Common Rail Nozzle

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Chiatti ◽  
Ornella Chiavola ◽  
Fulvio Palmieri ◽  
Roberto Pompei
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Hydraulic Behavior ◽  
Reference Information ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Set Up

Background:The paper deals with a diesel common rail nozzle in which a novel orifice layout is implemented.Objective:Its influence on the nozzle mechanical-hydraulic behavior and on the spray shape transient development is experimentally investigated.Methods:In the research, a solenoid injector for light duty diesel engines is equipped with the novel nozzle prototype and tested. The prototype layout is described, pointing out the features of the nozzle orifices, in which a Slot cross-section is adopted; the investigation is accomplished extending the hydraulic tests and the spray visualizations to a reference nozzle with standard holes. The influence of the hole layout on the mechanical-hydraulic behavior of the nozzle is assessed by experimental analysis based on the rate of injection measurement, in comparison with the reference nozzle. Once the hydraulic behavior of the novel nozzle has been characterized in terms of mass flow rate, the slot influence on the spray shape is assessed analyzing the macroscopic features such as the penetration distance and the spray angle, in non evaporative conditions. The study is carried out under transient injection conditions, for different injection pressures, up to 1400 bar.Results:The results on spray characteristics also provide reference information to set up spray models suited to take the Slot orifice into account.

scholarly journals Effect of Water Flow on Underwater Wet Welded A36 Steel

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Eko Surojo ◽  
Aziz Harya Gumilang ◽  
Triyono Triyono ◽  
Aditya Rio Prabowo ◽  
Eko Prasetya Budiana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Bending Effect ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
A36 Steel

Underwater wet welding (UWW) combined with the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) method has proven to be an effective way of permanently joining metals that can be performed in water. This research was conducted to determine the effect of water flow rate on the physical and mechanical properties (tensile, hardness, toughness, and bending effect) of underwater welded bead on A36 steel plate. The control variables used were a welding speed of 4 mm/s, a current of 120 A, electrode E7018 with a diameter of 4 mm, and freshwater. The results show that variations in water flow affected defects, microstructure, and mechanical properties of underwater welds. These defects include spatter, porosity, and undercut, which occur in all underwater welding results. The presence of flow and an increased flow rate causes differences in the microstructure, increased porosity on the weld metal, and undercut on the UWW specimen. An increase in water flow rate causes the acicular ferrite microstructure to appear greater, and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) will form finer grains. The best mechanical properties are achieved by welding with the highest flow rate, with a tensile strength of 534.1 MPa, 3.6% elongation, a Vickers microhardness in the HAZ area of 424 HV, and an impact strength of 1.47 J/mm2.

Cobalt-polypyrrole-multiwalled carbon nanotube catalysts for hydrogen and alcohol fuel cells

Carbon ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arava Leela Mohana Reddy ◽  
Natarajan Rajalakshmi ◽  
Sundara Ramaprabhu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Alcohol Fuel

scholarly journals Design and thermal characteristic analysis of motorized spindle cooling system

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 168781402110208
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Lifeng Wang ◽  
Yaodong Zhang ◽  
Yongde Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Characteristic ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
Experiment And Simulation

The thermal deformation of high-speed motorized spindle will affect its reliability, so fully considering its thermal characteristics is the premise of optimal design. In order to study the thermal characteristics of high-speed motorized spindles, a coupled model of thermal-flow-structure was established. Through experiment and simulation, the thermal characteristics of spiral cooling motorized spindle are studied, and the U-shaped cooled motorized spindle is designed and optimized. The simulation results show that when the diameter of the cooling channel is 7 mm, the temperature of the spiral cooling system is lower than that of the U-shaped cooling system, but the radial thermal deformation is greater than that of the U-shaped cooling system. As the increase of the channel diameter of U-shaped cooling system, the temperature and radial thermal deformation decrease. When the diameter is 10 mm, the temperature and radial thermal deformation are lower than the spiral cooling system. And as the flow rate increases, the temperature and radial thermal deformation gradually decrease, which provides a basis for a reasonable choice of water flow rate. The maximum error between experiment and simulation is 2°C, and the error is small, which verifies the accuracy and lays the foundation for future research.

Direct alcohol fuel cells: Assessment of the fuel's safety and health aspects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Elsaid ◽  
Shereen Abdelfatah ◽  
Ahmed Maher Abdel Elabsir ◽  
Raid J. Hassiba ◽  
Zafar Khan Ghouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Alcohol Fuel

scholarly journals Carbon-Supported PtRuMo Electrocatalysts for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Catalysts ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Martínez-Huerta ◽  
Nikolaos Tsiouvaras ◽  
Gonzalo García ◽  
Miguel Peña ◽  
Elena Pastor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells ◽  
Alcohol Fuel
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