scholarly journals Radiation-Induced Heart Disease: A Clinical Update

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Wamique Yusuf ◽  
Shehzad Sami ◽  
Iyad N. Daher
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Cardiac Complication ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

Cardiovascular diseases and cancer are the two leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Improvement in cancer therapy has led to increasing number of cancer survivors, some of whom may suffer from adverse cardiovascular effects of radiation therapy. Longterm followup is essential, as the cardiac complication may manifest years after completion of radiation therapy. In this paper, we have discussed the cardiovascular effects of radiation therapy.

Radiation-induced heart disease: surveillance and management

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1153-1156
Author(s):  
Ersilia M. DeFilippis ◽  
Anju Nohria
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Pericardial Disease ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

Radiation-induced heart disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors. It encompasses many clinical entities, including pericardial disease, coronary artery disease, valvular disease, cardiomyopathy, conduction system abnormalities, autonomic dysfunction, and peripheral vascular disease. As the cardiovascular effects of radiation manifest many years after treatment, long-term follow-up with regular screening is essential. This chapter reviews the epidemiology and pathogenesis of radiation-induced heart disease as well as existing consensus recommendations regarding surveillance and management.

scholarly journals Modern Radiotherapy and Risk of Cardiotoxicity

Chemotherapy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Efstratios Koutroumpakis ◽  
Nicolas L. Palaskas ◽  
Steven H. Lin ◽  
Jun-ichi Abe ◽  
Zhongxing Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Modern Radiotherapy

Despite the advancements of modern radiotherapy, radiation-induced heart disease remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality amongst cancer survivors. This review outlines the basic mechanism, clinical presentation, risk stratification, early detection, possible mitigation, and treatment of this condition.

scholarly journals Short senolytic or senostatic interventions rescue progression of radiation-induced frailty and premature ageing in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Fielder ◽  
Tengfei Wan ◽  
Ghazaleh Alimohammadiha ◽  
Abbas Ishaq ◽  
Evon Low ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Premature Ageing ◽  
Mitochondrial Ros ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
One Year ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

Cancer survivors suffer from progressive frailty, multimorbidity and premature morbidity. We hypothesize that therapy-induced senescence and senescence progression via bystander effects is a significant cause of this premature ageing phenotype. Accordingly, the study addresses the question whether a short anti-senescence intervention is able to block progression of radiation-induced frailty and disability in a pre-clinical setting. Male mice were sub-lethally irradiated at 5 months of age and treated (or not) with either a senolytic drug (Navitoclax or dasatinib + quercetin) for 10 days or with the senostatic metformin for 10 weeks. Follow up was for one year. Treatments commencing within a month after irradiation effectively reduced frailty progression (p<0.05) and improved muscle (p<0.01) and liver (p<0.05) function as well as short-term memory (p<0.05) until advanced age with no need for repeated interventions. Senolytic interventions that started late, after radiation-induced premature frailty was manifest, still had beneficial effects on frailty (p<0.05) and short-term memory (p<0.05). Metformin was similarly effective as senolytics. At therapeutically achievable concentrations metformin acted as a senostatic neither via inhibition of mitochondrial complex I, nor via improvement of mitophagy or mitochondrial function, but by reducing non-mitochondrial ROS production via NOX4 inhibition in senescent cells. Our study suggests that the progression of adverse long-term health and quality-of-life effects of radiation exposure, as experienced by cancer survivors, might be rescued by short-term adjuvant antisenescence interventions.

scholarly journals Surgery for Patients with Radiation-Induced Constrictive Pericarditis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. E466-E469
Author(s):  
Shixiong Wei ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Huimin Cui ◽  
Lianggang Li ◽  
Tong Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Constrictive Pericarditis ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Major Side Effect ◽  
Radiation Induced

Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is a major side effect of chest radiation therapy (RT). Most changes of pericardium will occur within a few weeks after receiving chest RT, while most of them will take decades or more to become constrictive pericarditis. Pericardiectomy is an effective treatment method. Here, we report 2 cases of radiation pericarditis after chest RT at our center.

Prognostic factors affecting severity of radiation-induced fibrosis.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. e280-e280
Author(s):  
Ahmed M Maklad ◽  
Hanan Abdel-Rady Assaf ◽  
Essameldin Abdelaziz Nada ◽  
Ashraf Elyamany ◽  
Asmaa A Badran
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Detailed Medical History ◽  
Radiation Induced

e280 Background: Evaluation of prognostic factors affecting Radiation Induced Fibrosis (RIF) to help for decreasing its incidence and to improve quality of life for cancer survivors. Methods: Thirty patients were included in this study .It was carried out at faculty of medicine, Sohag University Hospital, Egypt during the period between July 2012 and July 2013 after approval of university ethical committee. We included all patients with (RIF) which is persistent or appeared after 6 months of completion of radiation therapy. Detailed medical history and clinical examination were done for all patients included in the study. We categorized the patients according to severity of RIF into four grades according RTO 2010. Assessment of pain was done according to 0–10 Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Results: Thirty patients with RIF were included in the study. The age of the studied patients ranged from 21- 65 years with a Mean 48,33 ± SD of 10,88. 56.7% of the cases were more than 50 years old. Female patients were 73.3%. BMI of the studied patients ranged from 19-40 kg/cm2 with a Mean 28.03 ± SD of 6.98. 26.7%patients were smokers.43.3% patientshadprevious history of acute radio dermatitis.60% had breast tumor. Chest was affected in 19 (60%) patients, back in 3 (10%) patients, neck in 4 (13%) patients, lower limbs in 2 (7%) patients, and face in 2 (7%) patients.T1 represented in 30%, T2 in 36.7%, T3 in 13.3% while T4 in 20% of the included patients. Twenty four (80%) patientsreceived chemotherapy before radiation. We documented a significant relation between BMI and severity of RIF (p = 0.007).Severity of RIF was significantly associated with higher BMI (p = 0.007), higher radiation doses (p = 0.02), higher number of radiotherapy treatment fraction (p = 0.03), higher radiation field sizes (p = 0.003), and patients with duration of more than one year of RIF (p < 0.001). Patients from rural areas documented higher degree of RIF (p = 0.03). Conclusions: It is important to give more attention to RIF as a one of late toxicity of radiation therapy. It can be minimized by avoiding its predisposing factors to improve quality of life of cancer survivors.

scholarly journals Radiation heart disease in a patient post treatment of Нodgkin’s lymphoma

2018 ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Е. S. Eniseeva ◽  
К. V. Protasov ◽  
N. L. Chernysheva ◽  
E. Yu. Bagadaeva ◽  
A. A. Stefanenkova
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Constrictive Pericarditis ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Post Radiation

A clinical case of radiation induced heart disease in 43 year old female patient after 15 years since radiation therapy of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. During clinical and instrumental investigation, a post-radiation constrictive pericarditis was found, comorbid with lesion of aortic, mitral and tricuspid valves. Surgical treatment of pericarditis was applied. Morphology confirmed the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Prevalence and prognosis in cancer therapy-related cardiovascular diseases from big data of electronic health record in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nohara ◽  
K Ishii ◽  
T Shibata ◽  
H Obara ◽  
T Miyamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Icd 10

Abstract Background Recent advance in cancer therapy has improved the cancer prognosis, which also increased the number of elder cancer survivors. Yet the anticancer agents have some serious side effects on cardiovascular system. Although there have been previous studies regarding cancer-specific and/or therapeutic agents-specific cardiovascular side effects in the selected patients, real-world data of the epidemiology for the impact of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in cancer survivors is still limited due to the lack of comprehensive dataset. In this regard, the electronic health record (EHR), a big data, from the National Health Insurance in Japan provides a unique opportunity to obtain the suitable dataset. Purpose The purpose of this study was to clarify the prevalence of various CVD after the use of anticancer agents and the prognosis in cancer survivors using EHR in Japan. Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study using the database of Medical Data Vision (MDV) Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). The database covered 129 hospitals of all of the Designated Cancer Hospitals in Japan. The total number of patients was 17.85 million, which covered 14% of the total Japanese population. We extracted 140,327 cancer patients who received anticancer agents between April 2008 to January 2017. We identified CVD as pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), atrial fibrillation (AF), ischemic heart disease (IHD), ventricular arrhythmia, pericarditis patients after the use of anticancer agents, according to International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) codes. Hypertension (HT) patients were also identified according to ICD-10 codes, with the use of one or more anti-HT drugs after the HT diagnosis. Results The mean follow-up period was 1.53 years and mean age (standard deviation) was 69.2 (11.6) years old. The population over 75 years old were 36.2%, while males were 59.0%. There were prostate cancer (28.3%), lung cancer (13.8%), and colon cancer (13.2%) in males, and breast cancer (43.1%), colon cancer (12.6%), and lung cancer (8.6%) in females. Among them, 3,371 patients (2.4%) were diagnosed as PTE, 2,193 patients (1.6%) as AF, 4,085 patients (2.9%) as stable coronary artery disease, 681 patients (0.5%) as acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 749 patients (0.5%) as ventricular arrhythmia, 238 patients (0.2%) as pericarditis, 7,693 patients (5.5%) as HT. The cumulative survival rate was 65.6% in all cancer patients, 50.7% in PTE, 53.4% in AF, 61.7% in stable coronary disease, 52.7% in AMI and 45.9% in HT after the use of anticancer agents. Conclusion This study indicated that the prevalence of each CVD was less than 10% after the use of anticancer agents, but that patients with cancer therapy-related CVD had worse prognosis. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance and CT Imaging Biomarkers for Prediction of Acute and Chronic Radiation-Induced Xerostomia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Anastasia Katsavochristou ◽  
Dimitrios Koumoulis
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Common Adverse Effect ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Radiation Technology ◽  
Chronic Radiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Head And Neck Radiation ◽  
And Control

Xerostomia is a common adverse effect of radiation therapy at the head and neck area. Radiation-induced xerostomia can be severe and detrimental for the quality of life. Clinicians and radiologists have focused on the prevention of xerostomia as feasible, which has been significantly improved in the recent decades with the use of the contemporary radiation technology. However, radiation-induced xerostomia still remains one of the most devastating side effects of radiation therapy. Clinical risk factors have been identified, but the variation of its incidence and presentation has turned the focus on the investigation of parameters that would be able to predict the onset of acute or chronic xerostomia for each individual patient. Recently, potential imaging parameters and biomarkers are investigated in order for early prediction of the incidence and severity of xerostomia. Here, we compile the resulting imaging biomarkers as have been identified in the recent literature based on MRI and CT performed in correlation with radiation therapy. The identification of such biomarkers is very promising for the prevention and control of xerostomia in the head and neck radiation setting.

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