scholarly journals Modern Radiotherapy and Risk of Cardiotoxicity

Chemotherapy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Efstratios Koutroumpakis ◽  
Nicolas L. Palaskas ◽  
Steven H. Lin ◽  
Jun-ichi Abe ◽  
Zhongxing Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Modern Radiotherapy

Despite the advancements of modern radiotherapy, radiation-induced heart disease remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality amongst cancer survivors. This review outlines the basic mechanism, clinical presentation, risk stratification, early detection, possible mitigation, and treatment of this condition.

scholarly journals Radiation-Induced Heart Disease: A Clinical Update

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Wamique Yusuf ◽  
Shehzad Sami ◽  
Iyad N. Daher
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Cardiac Complication ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

Cardiovascular diseases and cancer are the two leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Improvement in cancer therapy has led to increasing number of cancer survivors, some of whom may suffer from adverse cardiovascular effects of radiation therapy. Longterm followup is essential, as the cardiac complication may manifest years after completion of radiation therapy. In this paper, we have discussed the cardiovascular effects of radiation therapy.

scholarly journals CLINICAL STUDY AND MANAGEMENT OF PERITONITIS SECONDARY TO PERFORATED PEPTIC ULCER

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Suman ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Pawan Kumar Jha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Perforated Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Duodenal Perforation ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Perforation ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Ulcer Perforation

Background: Perforated peptic ulcer is the most common cause among all causes of gastrointestinal tract perforationwhich is an emergency condition of the abdomen that requires early recognition and timely surgical management. Peptic ulcer perforation is associated significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of study is to evaluate the incidence, clinical presentation, management and outcomes of the patient with peptic ulcer perforation undergoing emergency laparotomy. Methods: This retrospective study includes 45 patients who were operated for perforated peptic ulcer peritonitis atDepartment of Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar from October 2018 to March 2020. Paediatricpatients of age less than 14 years, patients presenting as recurrent perforation were excluded from the study. A detailed history, clinical presentation and routine investigations were done in all cases. Results: In the present study, most of the patients were male. Most of these patients presents with clinical signs ofperitonitis between 24-48 hours after onset of the pain. Among the patients of peptic ulcer perforation, duodenal perforation (93.3%) is more common and which is the most common cause of perforation peritonitis. The diagnosis is made clinically and confirmed by presence of gas under diaphragm on radiograph. Exploratory laparotomy with simple closure of perforation with omental patch was done in all cases. The most common post-operative complication was wound infection (57.5%). The overall mortality was 11.1%. Conclusions: Late presentation of peptic ulcer perforation is common with high morbidity and mortality. Surgicalintervention with Graham’s omentopexy with broad spectrum antibiotics is still commonly practiced.

scholarly journals Clinical study and management of peritonitis secondary to perforated peptic ulcer

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2721
Author(s):  
Dushyant Kumar Rohit ◽  
R. S. Verma ◽  
Grishmraj Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Perforated Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Perforation ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Ulcer Perforation ◽  
Tract Perforation

Background: Perforated peptic ulcer is the most common cause among all causes of gastrointestinal tract perforation which is an emergency condition of the abdomen that requires early recognition and timely surgical management. Peptic ulcer perforation is associated significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of study is to evaluate the incidence, clinical presentation, management and outcomes of the patient with peptic ulcer perforation undergoing emergency laparotomy.Methods: This retrospective study includes 45 patients who were operated for perforated peptic ulcer peritonitis at Bundelkhand Medical College and Associated Hospital, Sagar from March 2015 to April 2017. Paediatric patients of age less than 14 years, patients presenting as recurrent perforation were excluded from the study. A detailed history, clinical presentation and routine investigations were done in all cases.Results: In the present study, most of the patients were male. Most of these patients presents with clinical signs of peritonitis between 24-48 hours after onset of the pain. Among the patients of peptic ulcer perforation, duodenal perforation (93.3%) is more common and which is the most common cause of perforation peritonitis. The diagnosis is made clinically and confirmed by presence of gas under diaphragm on radiograph. Exploratory laparotomy with simple closure of perforation with omental patch was done in all cases. The most common post-operative complication was wound infection (57.5%). The overall mortality was 11.1%.Conclusions: Late presentation of peptic ulcer perforation is common with high morbidity and mortality. Surgical intervention with Graham’s omentopexy with broad spectrum antibiotics is still commonly practiced.

Small Intestinal Tumors

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
SM Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Intestinal Tumors ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Small Intestinal

ABSTRACT Small intestinal tumors are rare despite small gut being a long structure with extensive mucosal surface. The clinical presentation is vague and the existence of tumor is detected after specific investigations. Small gut can be benign or may be malignant. Malignant tumors present with abdominal pain, weight loss, anemia, obstructive features, abdominal lump, diarrhea, intussusception and even fever depending upon the type of lesion. Malignancy occurs generally in elderly group above 60 years; however, younger patients too may be affected. Benign lesions may remain asymptomatic for long till these cause complications like intussusception or obstruction. Early detection and appropriate intervention can avoid morbidity and mortality. How to cite this article Sharma SM. Small Intestinal Tumors. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(1):9-12.

PEMERIKSAAN RADIOLOGIS URETEROPELVIC JUNCTION OBSTRUCTION PADA ANAK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Yarmaniani Miliati Muchtar ◽  
Bambang Soeprijanto ◽  
Indrastuti Normahayu ◽  
Lenny Violetta
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction ◽  
Radiological Examination ◽  
Ureteropelvic Junction ◽  
Common Cause

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction ( UPJO ) is the most common cause of hydronephrosis in children. Hydronephrosis caused by prolongedUPJO will damaged the kidneys. Early detection needed to avoid the complication. In fact, there are cases which is discovered in older child.Therefore it is necessary to carry out appropriate diagnostic steps and support the management of patients. Radiological examination usingvarious modalities can help diagnose UPJO.

Fish Intake May Limit the Increase in Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Morbidity and Mortality Among Heavy Smokers

Circulation ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 952-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz L. Rodriguez ◽  
Dan S. Sharp ◽  
Robert D. Abbott ◽  
Cecil M. Burchfiel ◽  
Kamal Masaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Fish Intake ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Increase In Risk ◽  
Heavy Smokers

Cancer and Cancer Treatment-Related Cognitive Impairment

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-83
Author(s):  
James C.  Root ◽  
Elizabeth Ryan ◽  
Tim A. Ahles
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Central Nervous System Cancer ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatments

As the population of cancer survivors has grown into the millions, there is increasing emphasis on understanding how late effects of treatment impact survivors’ ability return to work/school, ability to function and live independently, and overall quality of life. Cognitive changes are one of the most feared problems among cancer survivors. This chapter describes the growing literature examining cognitive changes associated with non-central nervous system cancer and cancer treatment. Typical elements of cancer treatment are discussed, followed by a description of clinical presentation, self-reported and objectively assessed cognitive findings, and results of structural and functional neuroimaging research. Genetic and other risk factors for cognitive decline following treatment are identified and discussed, together with biomarkers and animal models of treatment-related effects. This is followed by a discussion of behavioral and pharmacologic treatments. Finally, challenges and recommendations for future research are provided to help guide subsequent research and theoretical models.

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