scholarly journals Group V Secretory Phospholipase A2 Is Involved in Macrophage Activation and Is Sufficient for Macrophage Effector Functions in Allergic Pulmonary Inflammation

2013 ◽  
Vol 190 (12) ◽  
pp. 5927-5938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Ohta ◽  
Mitsuru Imamura ◽  
Wei Xing ◽  
Joshua A. Boyce ◽  
Barbara Balestrieri
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Group V ◽  
Effector Functions ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase

scholarly journals Expression of secretory phospholipase A2 enzymes in lungs of humans with pneumonia and their potential prostaglandin-synthetic function in human lung-derived cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 387 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiko MASUDA ◽  
Makoto MURAKAMI ◽  
Michiko MITSUISHI ◽  
Kazuo KOMIYAMA ◽  
Yukio ISHIKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Group V ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase ◽  
Human Lungs ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Lung Pathogenesis

Although a number of sPLA2 (secretory phospholipase A2) enzymes have been identified in mammals, the localization and functions of individual enzymes in human pathologic tissues still remain obscure. In the present study, we have examined the expression and function of sPLA2s in human lung-derived cells and in human lungs with pneumonia. Group IID, V and X sPLA2s were expressed in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and normal human pulmonary fibroblasts with distinct requirement for cytokines (interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor α and interferon-γ). Lentivirus- or adenovirus-mediated transfection of various sPLA2s into BEAS-2B or normal human pulmonary fibroblast cells revealed that group V and X sPLA2s increased arachidonate release and prostaglandin production in both cell types, whereas group IIA and IID sPLA2s failed to do so. Immunohistochemistry of human lungs with pneumonia demonstrated that group V and X sPLA2s were widely expressed in the airway epithelium, interstitium and alveolar macrophages, in which group IID sPLA2 was also positive, whereas group IIA sPLA2 was restricted to the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle layers and bronchial chondrocytes, and group IIE and IIF sPLA2s were minimally detected. These results suggest that group V and X sPLA2s affect lung pathogenesis by facilitating arachidonate metabolism or possibly through other functions.

scholarly journals Group V and X secretory phospholipase A2 prevents adenoviral infection in mammalian cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 393 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiko Mitsuishi ◽  
Seiko Masuda ◽  
Ichiro Kudo ◽  
Makoto Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Group V ◽  
Adenoviral Infection ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase ◽  
Human Airway Epithelium

sPLA2 (secretory phospholipase A2) enzymes have been implicated in various biological events, yet their precise physiological functions remain largely unresolved. In the present study we show that group V and X sPLA2s, which are two potent plasma membrane-acting sPLA2s, are capable of preventing host cells from being infected with an adenovirus. Bronchial epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts pre-expressing group V and X sPLA2s showed marked resistance to adenovirus-mediated gene delivery in a manner dependent on their catalytic activity. Although adenovirus particles were insensitive to recombinant group V and X sPLA2s, direct addition of these enzymes to 293A cells suppressed both number and size of adenovirus plaque formation. Group V and X sPLA2s retarded the entry of adenovirus into endosomes. Moreover, adenoviral infection was suppressed by LPC (lysophosphatidylcholine), a membrane-hydrolytic product of these sPLA2s. Thus hydrolysis of the plasma membrane by these sPLA2s may eventually lead to the protection of host cells from adenovirus entry. Given that group V and X sPLA2s are expressed in human airway epithelium and macrophages and that the expression of endogenous group V sPLA2 is upregulated by virus-related stimuli in these cells, our present results raise the possibility that group V and X sPLA2s may play a role in innate immunity against adenoviral infection in the respiratory tract.

scholarly journals Degradation of group V secretory phospholipase A2 in lung endothelium is mediated by autophagy

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 103954
Author(s):  
Lucille N. Meliton ◽  
Xiangdong Zhu ◽  
Mary Brown ◽  
Yulia Epshtein ◽  
Takeshi Kawasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Group V ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase ◽  
Lung Endothelium
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