scholarly journals Macroautophagy Regulates Energy Metabolism during Effector T Cell Activation

2010 ◽  
Vol 185 (12) ◽  
pp. 7349-7357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa M. Hubbard ◽  
Rut Valdor ◽  
Bindi Patel ◽  
Rajat Singh ◽  
Ana Maria Cuervo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Effector T Cell

Crucial role of P2X7 receptor for effector T cell activation in experimental autoimmune uveitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsunobu Takeda ◽  
Hisakata Yamada ◽  
Eiichi Hasegawa ◽  
Mitsuru Arima ◽  
Shoji Notomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
P2x7 Receptor ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis ◽  
Autoimmune Uveitis ◽  
Effector T Cell ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

scholarly journals Estrogen-related receptor-  is a metabolic regulator of effector T-cell activation and differentiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (45) ◽  
pp. 18348-18353 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Michalek ◽  
V. A. Gerriets ◽  
A. G. Nichols ◽  
M. Inoue ◽  
D. Kazmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Effector T Cell ◽  
Estrogen Related Receptor

scholarly journals Correction: Autoimmunity during Thymectomy-Induced Lymphopenia: Role of Thymus Ablation and Initial Effector T Cell Activation Timing in Nonobese Diabetic Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 185 (5) ◽  
pp. 3111-3111
Author(s):  
Marie-Claude Gagnerault ◽  
Olivia Lanvin ◽  
Virginie Pasquier ◽  
Corinne Garcia ◽  
Diane Damotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Effector T Cell ◽  
Nonobese Diabetic ◽  
Nonobese Diabetic Mice

scholarly journals The Activation Status of Neuroantigen-specific T Cells in the Target Organ Determines the Clinical Outcome of Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

2004 ◽  
Vol 199 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Kawakami ◽  
Silke Lassmann ◽  
Zhaoxia Li ◽  
Francesca Odoardi ◽  
Thomas Ritter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Effector T Cell ◽  
Green Fluorescent

The clinical picture of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is critically dependent on the nature of the target autoantigen and the genetic background of the experimental animals. Potentially lethal EAE is mediated by myelin basic protein (MBP)–specific T cells in Lewis rats, whereas transfer of S100β- or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)–specific T cells causes intense inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS) with minimal disease. However, in Dark Agouti rats, the pathogenicity of MOG-specific T cells resembles the one of MBP-specific T cells in the Lewis rat. Using retrovirally transduced green fluorescent T cells, we now report that differential disease activity reflects different levels of autoreactive effector T cell activation in their target tissue. Irrespective of their pathogenicity, the migratory activity, gene expression patterns, and immigration of green fluorescent protein+ T cells into the CNS were similar. However, exclusively highly pathogenic T cells were significantly reactivated within the CNS. Without local effector T cell activation, production of monocyte chemoattractants was insufficient to initiate and propagate a full inflammatory response. Low-level reactivation of weakly pathogenic T cells was not due to anergy because these cells could be activated by specific antigen in situ as well as after isolation ex vivo.

Generation and biochemical analysis of human effector CD4 T cells: alterations in tyrosine phosphorylation and loss of CD3ζ expression

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 3851-3859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Krishnan ◽  
Vishal G. Warke ◽  
Madhusoodana P. Nambiar ◽  
Henry K. Wong ◽  
George C. Tsokos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Effector T Cells ◽  
T Cell Differentiation ◽  
Effector T Cell

Human effector T cells have been difficult to isolate and characterize due to their phenotypic and functional similarity to the memory subset. In this study, a biochemical approach was used to analyze human effector CD4 T cells generated in vitro by activation with anti-CD3 and autologous monocytes for 3 to 5 days. The resultant effector cells expressed the appropriate activation/differentiation markers and secreted high levels of interferon γ (IFN-γ) when restimulated. Biochemically, effector CD4 T cells exhibited increases in total intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation and effector-associated phosphorylated species. Paradoxically, these alterations in tyrosine phosphorylation were concomitant with greatly reduced expression of CD3ζ and CD3ε signaling subunits coincident with a reduction in surface T-cell receptor (TCR) expression. Because loss of CD3ζ has also been detected in T cells isolated ex vivo from individuals with cancer, chronic viral infection, and autoimmune diseases, the requirements and kinetics of CD3ζ down-regulation were examined. The loss of CD3ζ expression persisted throughout the course of effector T-cell differentiation, was reversible on removal from the activating stimulus, and was modulated by activation conditions. These biochemical changes occurred in effector T cells generated from naive or memory CD4 T-cell precursors and distinguished effector from memory T cells. The results suggest that human effector T-cell differentiation is accompanied by alterations in the TCR signal transduction and that loss of CD3ζ expression may be a feature of chronic T-cell activation and effector generation in vivo.

scholarly journals Regulatory T cells sense effector T‐cell activation through synchronized JunB expression

FEBS Letters ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 593 (10) ◽  
pp. 1020-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxia Wu ◽  
Sicong Ma ◽  
Agnes Hotz‐Wagenblatt ◽  
Peter Angel ◽  
Kerstin Mohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Effector T Cell

scholarly journals Autoimmunity during Thymectomy-Induced Lymphopenia: Role of Thymus Ablation and Initial Effector T Cell Activation Timing in Nonobese Diabetic Mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 183 (8) ◽  
pp. 4913-4920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Claude Gagnerault ◽  
Olivia Lanvin ◽  
Virginie Pasquier ◽  
Corinne Garcia ◽  
Diane Damotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Effector T Cell ◽  
Nonobese Diabetic ◽  
Nonobese Diabetic Mice

Juzentaihoto Exerts Anti-Allergic Effects by Inhibiting Effector T-Cell Activation and Inducing and/or Activating Regulatory T Cells in a Murine Model of Contact Hypersensitivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Atsushi Tsuge ◽  
Sho Yonekura ◽  
Satomi Watanabe ◽  
Yuta Kurosaki ◽  
Shinsuke Hisaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Effector T Cells ◽  
Contact Hypersensitivity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Effector T Cell

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Juzentaihoto (JTT) is a Kampo prescription that has been used clinically for treating skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis in Japan. We have previously studied the anti-allergic effects of JTT on 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB)-induced contact hypersensitivity (CHS) in mice and demonstrated that it significantly suppresses ear swelling in a dose-dependent manner. However, the mechanism underlying the anti-allergic actions of JTT is obscure. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We investigated the mechanism underlying the anti-allergic effects of JTT using a TNCB-induced murine CHS model and adoptive cell transfer experiments. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We showed that the anti-allergic effects of JTT are due to inhibition of effector T-cell activation and induction and/or activation of regulatory T cells. Furthermore, ex vivo experiments confirmed the effect of JTT on the activation of effector T cells and regulatory T cells, as interferon-γ production decreased, whereas interleukin (IL)-10 production increased, in the cultured lymphocytes obtained from 5% TNCB-sensitized mice treated with anti-CD3ε and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies. Flow cytometry showed that the CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup>Foxp3<sup>+</sup>, CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup>Foxp3<sup>−</sup>, and CD8<sup>+</sup>CD122<sup>+</sup> cell population increased after oral administration of JTT. Finally, the anti-allergic effect of JTT by inducing and/or activating regulatory T cells (Tregs) was confirmed to be mediated by IL-10 through in vivo neutralization experiments with anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibodies. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> We suggested that JTT exerts anti-allergic effects by regulating the activation of effector T cells and Tregs involved in murine CHS model.

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