scholarly journals Cutting Edge: Natalizumab Blocks Adhesion but Not Initial Contact of Human T Cells to the Blood-Brain Barrier In Vivo in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 182 (10) ◽  
pp. 5909-5913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Coisne ◽  
Wenxian Mao ◽  
Britta Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Human T Cells

Evaluation of blood–brain barrier-stealth nanocomposites for in situ glioblastoma theranostics applications

Nanoscale ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 7866-7870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hao Su ◽  
Ching-Yi Tsai ◽  
Boguslaw Tomanek ◽  
Wei-Yu Chen ◽  
Fong-Yu Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain

A novel BBB-stealth nanocomposite show the antitumor activity in in vivo and in situ glioblastoma animal model, MRI, and IVIS® Spectrum.

scholarly journals Impaired Cerebral Perfusion in Multiple Sclerosis: Relevance of Endothelial Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117727191877480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Monti ◽  
Lucia Morbidelli ◽  
Alessandro Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Vasoactive Substances ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques

Magnetic resonance imaging techniques measuring in vivo brain perfusion and integrity of the blood-brain barrier have developed rapidly in the past decade, resulting in a wide range of available methods. This review first discusses their principles, possible pitfalls, and potential for quantification and outlines clinical application in neurological disorders. Then, we focus on the endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier, pointing out their contribution in regulating vascular tone by production of vasoactive substances. Finally, the role of these substances in brain hypoperfusion in multiple sclerosis is discussed.

scholarly journals Damage to the Blood-Brain Barrier during Experimental Cerebral Malaria Results from Synergistic Effects of CD8+T Cells with Different Specificities

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 4854-4864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chek Meng Poh ◽  
Shanshan W. Howland ◽  
Gijsbert M. Grotenbreg ◽  
Laurent Rénia
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cerebral Malaria ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Experimental Cerebral Malaria ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blood Brain

ABSTRACTCD8+T cells play a pathogenic role in the development of murine experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) induced byPlasmodium bergheiANKA (PbA) infection in C57BL/6 mice. Only a limited number of CD8+epitopes have been described. Here, we report the identification of a new epitope from the bergheilysin protein recognized by PbA-specific CD8+T cells. Induction and functionality of these specific CD8+T cells were investigated in parallel with previously reported epitopes, using new tools such as tetramers and reporter cell lines that were developed for this study. We demonstrate that CD8+T cells of diverse specificities induced during PbA infection share many characteristics. They express cytolytic markers (gamma interferon [IFN-γ], granzyme B) and chemokine receptors (CXCR3, CCR5) and damage the blood-brain barrierin vivo. Our earlier finding that brain microvessels in mice infected with PbA, but not with non-ECM-causing strains, cross-presented a shared epitope was generalizable to these additional epitopes. Suppressing the induction of specific CD8+T cells through tolerization with a high-dose peptide injection was unable to confer protection against ECM, suggesting that CD8+T cells of other specificities participate in this process. The tools that we developed can be used to further investigate the heterogeneity of CD8+T cell responses that are involved in ECM.

scholarly journals Human-derived Treg and MSC combination therapy may augment immunosuppressive potency in vitro, but did not improve blood brain barrier integrity in an experimental rat traumatic brain injury model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251601
Author(s):  
Henry W. Caplan ◽  
Karthik S. Prabhakara ◽  
Naama E. Toledano Furman ◽  
Soheil Zorofchian ◽  
Cecilia Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes both physical disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and altered immune responses that can lead to significant secondary brain injury and chronic inflammation within the central nervous system (CNS). Cell therapies, including mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), have been shown to restore BBB integrity and augment endogenous splenic regulatory T cells (Treg), a subset of CD4+ T cells that function to regulate immune responses and prevent autoimmunity. We have recently shown that infusion of human cord blood-derived Treg decreased neuroinflammation after TBI in vivo and in vitro. However, while both cells have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential, they likely utilize differing, although potentially overlapping, mechanisms. Furthermore, studies investigating these two cell types together, as a combination therapy, are lacking. In this study, we compared the ability of Treg+MSC combination therapy, as well as MSC and Treg monotherapies, to improve BBB permeability in vivo and suppress inflammation in vitro. While Treg+MSC combination did not significantly augment potency in vivo, our in vitro data demonstrates that combination therapy may augment therapeutic potency and immunosuppressive potential compared to Treg or MSC monotherapy.

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