Power at Sea: Use of Wave Energy Converters for Powering Offshore Oil and Gas Operations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvid Reenst Lesemann
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Oil And Gas Operations ◽  
Sea Use ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Energy Converters

Drilling and Service Contracts in Offshore Oil and Gas Operations

1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
J. M. Killey
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Offshore Drilling ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Service Contracts ◽  
Oil And Gas Operations ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Offshore Operations

As onshore oil and gas deposits are becoming more difficult to locate, and as the world demands for energy continue to increase at an alarming rate, oil companies are channeling much of their exploration activities towards offshore operations, and in particular, towards operations centered off Canada's coast lines. Because of the environment, offshore drilling presents problems which are novel to the onshore-geared oil industry. J. M. Killey discusses in detail many of the considerations involved in drafting the offshore drilling contract, concentrating on problems such as the liability of the various parties; costs; scheduling; pollution; conflict of laws; etc. Similarly, he discusses service contracts (such as supply boat charters; towing services; helicopter services; etc.^ which are necessity to the operation of an offshore drilling rig. To complement his paper, the author has included number of appendices which list the various considerations lawyer must keep in mind when drafting contracts for offshore operations.

Optimization of Mooring Configuration Parameters of Floating Wave Energy Converters

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro C. Vicente ◽  
Anto´nio F. O. Falca˜o ◽  
Paulo A. P. Justino
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Wave Energy Converter ◽  
Domain Model ◽  
Floating Point ◽  
Mooring System ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Energy Converters

Floating point absorbers devices are a large class of wave energy converters for deployment offshore, typically in water depths between 40 and 100m. As floating oil and gas platforms, the devices are subject to drift forces due to waves, currents and wind, and therefore have to be kept in place by a proper mooring system. Although similarities can be found between the energy converting systems and floating platforms, the mooring design requirements will have some important differences between them, one of them associated to the fact that, in the case of a wave energy converter, the mooring connections may significantly modify its energy absorption properties by interacting with its oscillations. It is therefore important to examine what might be the more suitable mooring design for wave energy devices, according to the converters specifications. When defining a mooring system for a device, several initial parameters have to be established, such as cable material and thickness, distance to the mooring point on the bottom, and which can influence the device performance in terms of motion, power output and survivability. Different parameters, for which acceptable intervals can be established, will represent different power absorptions, displacements from equilibrium position, load demands on the moorings and of course also different costs. The work presented here analyzes what might be, for wave energy converter floating point absorber, the optimal mooring configuration parameters, respecting certain pre-established acceptable intervals and using a time-domain model that takes into account the non-linearities introduced by the mooring system. Numerical results for the mooring forces demands and also motions and absorbed power, are presented for two different mooring configurations for a system consisting of a hemispherical buoy in regular waves and assuming a liner PTO.

Feasibility of the Potential for Wave and Wind Energy Hybrid Farm to Supply Offshore Oil Platform in Gulf of Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Gu ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Francisco Haces-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Hybrid Wave ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

Abstract Offshore oil and gas platforms use gas turbine with natural gas or fuel diesel for their high demand of power. Due to the declining amount of gas available, high carbon footprint, increasing cost of fuel and inefficient operating, alternative energy options are necessary and imminent. Most offshore oil and gas platforms locate in deep water surrounded by huge amount of energetic wave resources, hence, the feasibility of supplying offshore oil facilities electricity by hybrid wave and wind energy farms based on daily energy power production instead of annual average was conducted in this project. The hybrid energy farm was modeled and validated by applying meteorological data in Gulf of Mexico area from WaveWatch III system. With the hindcast wave and wind condition data from 1979 to 2019, daily energy generation of the hybrid energy farm was estimated. Meantime, the feasibility of suppling offshore oil and gas facilities by the proposed combined hybrid farm was assessed. The project optimized the configuration of the hybrid wave and wind energy farm to satisfy offshore oil and gas platform demands and reduce the variation of power generation, so that it may be feasibility to gradually substitute the gas turbines. Through matching the local wave and wind conditions, the project was able to maximize the power output while minimize the variation within limited ocean surface area. The project addressed the advantages of hybrid wave and wind devices, as well as theoretical prospection of wave harvesting device and wind turbine combination. To validate the proposed optimization model, a case study was explored by using Vesta V90 3MW wind turbines and Pelamis 750kW wave energy converters to supply five offshore platforms in more than 45 m deep water areas. The results indicated the possibility of bringing wave energy into large commercial operation and utilization with minor investment and environmental impact.

Arctic Europe Between National Interests and Arctic Governance

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-131
Author(s):  
Igor Kochev ◽  
Wim Heijman
Keyword(s):  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Oil And Gas Operations ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
The Eu

From an economic point of view, melting ice is making the Arctic ocean increasingly important for a number of countries – Arctic states as well as non-Arctic states. Also, the EU has clear interests in the area. This chapter provides a brief description of those interests and its implications on the EU's relationship with the Arctic partners. This note takes seven aspects of the EU-relations with the Arctic states into consideration (i.e., the institutional framework, the EU Arctic interests and policies, shipping, fishing, marine mammals, offshore oil and gas operations, and the EU's Arctic partners).

scholarly journals Offshore oil and gas, and operational sheen occurrence: is there potential harm to marine birds?

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lora A. Morandin ◽  
Patrick D. O’Hara
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Atlantic Canada ◽  
Lethal Effects ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Marine Bird ◽  
Marine Birds ◽  
Oil And Gas Operations ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

Hydrocarbon discharges into the ocean, both regulated and accidental, occur from offshore drilling and production operations, and can result in oil sheen (≤3 μm thick) and slick (>3 μm thick) formation, potentially harming marine birds. Sheens may commonly occur around offshore oil and gas platforms in Atlantic Canada, however, there is little information on regularity of occurrence. Further, there are few direct studies on potential impacts of sheens, associated with offshore oil and gas operations, on marine birds. We reviewed potential sources and frequency of hydrocarbon accumulation on sea surfaces from offshore oil and gas operations in Atlantic Canada, and the likelihood of overlap with marine birds. We conducted a literature review on lethal and sub-lethal effects of low levels of oil contact and ingestion on marine birds, focusing on studies that describe measured dosages of oil. We extrapolated from these data on low-dose oil exposure to link possible effects to marine birds resulting from exposure to sheens. We found that sheens occur around production operations in Atlantic Canada at allowable levels of oil concentrations in produced water. Frequency and extent of occurrence cannot be estimated from current monitoring practices. While immediate lethal effects to seabirds likely are not common from external oiling of feathers from sheens, added stressors, such as cold weather, can result in external oiling from sheens having significant impact on seabird metabolic rate and can be ultimately lethal. Ingestion of small amounts of oil, doses that realistically could be expected from exposure to sheens, in some cases resulted in sub-lethal effects to adult seabirds, primarily affecting metabolic rate, sub-lethal health impacts, and reproductive output. Nestlings and eggs do not come in direct contact with sheens, yet these life stages are highly sensitive to oil, and transfer of oil from adults exposed to sheens likely is above tolerance levels at times. Negative effects to reproductive output from small doses of ingested oil could be causing undetected impacts on marine birds and marine bird populations. Lack of standardized monitoring of marine bird contact with sheens and potential harm makes assessments of magnitude and extent of impact problematic.

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