Insulation Materials for Ultra deep Sea Flow Assurance : Evaluation of the Material Properties

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Choqueuse ◽  
Angèle Chomard ◽  
Christian Bucherie
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Insulation Materials

scholarly journals A New Inhibitor to Prevent Hydrate Formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bazvand M
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Main Structure ◽  
Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽  
Prevention Methods

Due to the growing demand for energy as well as the depletion of shallow land reservoirs, it sounds more important to utilize deep sea reservoirs. Due to their special conditions, drilling and production of these reservoirs face more problems. The science that helps us avoiding problems during operation is called flow assurance. One of the important issues in flow assurance is to prevent formation of gas hydrates. One of gas hydrates preventing methods is to use of inhibitors. Using of inhibitors is a cost- effective and eco-friendly method; so, it is used more nowadays. This paper introduces a new hydrate inhibitor that has been developed from the modification of one of the most widely used inhibitors present in the industry, Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone, to improve its efficiency. The main structure of the paper is about what is the gas hydrate and its prevention methods. Finally, compare different inhibitors with new one. The results show that hydrate formation time for all polymers is approximately the same, while a half of new inhibitor in compare with amount of others inhibitors causes the same results. This matter shows a double efficiency, and this means a saving of double Polymer consumption.

scholarly journals Development of a simulation method for the subsea production system

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Hun Woo ◽  
Jong Ho Nam ◽  
Kwang Hee Ko
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Simulation Technology ◽  
Subsea Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Network ◽  
Production Processes

Abstract The failure of a subsea production plant could induce fatal hazards and enormous loss to human lives, environments, and properties. Thus, for securing integrated design safety, core source technologies include subsea system integration that has high safety and reliability and a technique for the subsea flow assurance of subsea production plant and subsea pipeline network fluids. The evaluation of subsea flow assurance needs to be performed considering the performance of a subsea production plant, reservoir production characteristics, and the flow characteristics of multiphase fluids. A subsea production plant is installed in the deep sea, and thus is exposed to a high-pressure/low-temperature environment. Accordingly, hydrates could be formed inside a subsea production plant or within a subsea pipeline network. These hydrates could induce serious damages by blocking the flow of subsea fluids. In this study, a simulation technology, which can visualize the system configuration of subsea production processes and can simulate stable flow of fluids, was introduced. Most existing subsea simulations have performed the analysis of dynamic behaviors for the installation of subsea facilities or the flow analysis of multiphase flow within pipes. The above studies occupy extensive research areas of the subsea field. In this study, with the goal of simulating the configuration of an entire deep sea production system compared to existing studies, a DES-based simulation technology, which can logically simulate oil production processes in the deep sea, was analyzed, and an implementation example of a simplified case was introduced.

scholarly journals Effects of deep diving on the trachea of the leatherback turtle

2010 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Colm Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Leatherback Turtles ◽  
Leatherback Turtle ◽  
Deep Dive ◽  
Deep Diving ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Term Objective

This work is concerned with the effects of deep sea diving on the trachea (airway passage) of the leatherback turtle. Leatherback turtles are capable of diving to depths greater than 1,200 meters. Humans, in comparison, may only reach depths of around 30 meters unaided. It is believed that the response of the trachea along with its material properties plays a leading role in determining the depth that can be attained during a dive. The long term objective of this research is to investigate the response of the trachea of the leatherback turtle during deep dives (300-1250m). Questions remain as to the material properties from which the trachea is composed of and how exactly does the trachea respond as it undergoes a deep dive. Answering these questions will help not only to build a complete understanding of the leatherback’s ability to dive to depths greater than 1,000m, but will also inform ...

Effect of Temperature and Nonlinearity of PMMA Material in the Design of Observation Windows for a Full Ocean Depth Manned Submersible

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Wuwu Wang ◽  
Yongkuang Zhang ◽  
Qinghai Du ◽  
Zhe Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Essential Requirement ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Manned Submersible ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Quasistatic Loading ◽  
Simulation Results

AbstractRenewed international interest in exploring the hadal zones (6,000‐11,000 m) promoted the development of full ocean depth deep-sea manned submersibles. The manned cabin is the most critical component in deep-sea manned submersibles. An essential requirement to guarantee the safety of the manned cabin is the proper design of the observation windows. The current design approach, which is available in design rules such as ASME PVHO-1.2012, did not have sufficient experimental basis when applied for full ocean depth observation windows. In this study, a full-scale polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) window model is designed and tested under quasistatic loading-unloading cycles in a high-pressure chamber. Strain variations in several critical points and axial displacement in the inner center are recorded and compared with simulation results, and a large discrepancy was found. The potential influencing parameters, such as temperature and material nonlinearity, are investigated. It was found that correction of these two factors can explain the discrepancy. The newly determined material properties can be used in the design of full ocean depth observation windows.

Flow-Riser Interaction in Deep-Sea Mining: An Analytic Approach for Multi-Layered FRP Risers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios G. Pavlou
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Anisotropic Material ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Inertia Force ◽  
Critical Flow ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Motion Equations ◽  
Flow Parameters

Fiber reinforced polymeric laminated materials are suitable for risers in deep-sea applications due to their superior strength, corrosion and fatigue resistance, light weight, low maintenance cost, low transportation cost, and ability for continuous manufacturing. However, due to their anisotropic material properties, the modeling of the dynamic response due to interaction with the internal flow and the sea water is more complicated. In the present work a model for flow induced instability analysis of long, multi-layered, fiber reinforced risers is performed. The motion equations take into account the elastic flexural restoring force of the anisotropic material, the centrifugal force of the fluid flowing in curved portions of the pipe, the Corriolis force, the inertia force of the mass of pump, pipe, and fluid, and the effect of the surrounding water. Combination of the motion equations yields a fourth order partial differential equation in terms of flexural displacements. The transfer matrix method is implemented to the above equation for the critical flow velocities calculation. The “global stiffness matrix” of the pipe-pump system containing the boundary conditions, the anisotropic material properties and the flow parameters, is derived. The condition for non-trivial solution is solved numerically yielding the values of the critical flow velocity, i.e. the internal flow velocity causing flow induced pipeline instability. The results are affected by the anisotropic properties of the material, the mass of the hanged pump, the drag coefficient, and the flow parameters. The results are commented and discussed.

scholarly journals A Computational Model for Tail Undulation and Fluid Transport in the Giant Larvacean

Fluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Alexander P. Hoover ◽  
Joost Daniels ◽  
Janna C. Nawroth ◽  
Kakani Katija
Keyword(s):  
Computational Model ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Mesopelagic Zone ◽  
Integrative Study ◽  
Downstream Flow

Flexible propulsors are ubiquitous in aquatic and flying organisms and are of great interest for bioinspired engineering. However, many animal models, especially those found in the deep sea, remain inaccessible to direct observation in the laboratory. We address this challenge by conducting an integrative study of the giant larvacean, an invertebrate swimmer and “fluid pump” of the mesopelagic zone. We demonstrate a workflow involving deep sea robots, advanced imaging tools, and numerical modeling to assess the kinematics and resulting fluid transport of the larvacean’s beating tail. A computational model of the tail was developed to simulate the local fluid environment and the tail kinematics using embedded passive (elastic) and active (muscular) material properties. The model examines how varying the extent of muscular activation affects the resulting kinematics and fluid transport rates. We find that muscle activation in two-thirds of the tail’s length, which corresponds to the observed kinematics in giant larvaceans, generates a greater average downstream flow speed than other designs with the same power input. Our results suggest that the active and passive material properties of the larvacean tail are tuned to produce efficient fluid transport for swimming and feeding, as well as provide new insight into the role of flexibility in biological propulsors.

scholarly journals Application of Nanotechnology-Based Thermal Insulation Materials in Building Construction

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bozsaky
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Space Research ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Important Material ◽  
Potential Applications

AbstractNanotechnology-based materials have previously been used by space research, pharmaceuticals and electronics, but in the last decade several nanotechnology-based thermal insulation materials have appeared in building industry. Nowadays they only feature in a narrow range of practice, but they offer many potential applications. These options are unknown to most architects, who may simply be afraid of these materials owing to the incomplete and often contradictory special literature. Therefore, they are distrustful and prefer to apply the usual and conventional technologies. This article is intended to provide basic information about nanotechnology-based thermal insulation materials for designers. It describes their most important material properties, functional principles, applications, and potential usage options in building construction.

Grain boundary segregation in metals

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1204-1205
Author(s):  
C.L. Briant
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Boundary Segregation ◽  
Grain Boundary Segregation ◽  
Local Concentration ◽  
The One

Grain boundary segregation is the process by which solute elements in a material diffuse to the grain boundaries, become trapped there, and increase their local concentration at the boundary over that in the bulk. As a result of this process this local concentration of the segregant at the grain boundary can be many orders of magnitude greater than the bulk concentration of the segregant. The importance of this problem lies in the fact that grain boundary segregation can affect many material properties such as fracture, corrosion, and grain growth.One of the best ways to study grain boundary segregation is with Auger electron spectroscopy. This spectroscopy is an extremely surface sensitive technique. When it is used to study grain boundary segregation the sample must first be fractured intergranularly in the high vacuum spectrometer. This fracture surface is then the one that is analyzed. The development of scanning Auger spectrometers have allowed researchers to first image the fracture surface that is created and then to perform analyses on individual grain boundaries.

Relationships Between Grain Boundary Structure and Material Properties

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 366-369
Author(s):  
Brian Ralph ◽  
Barlow Claire ◽  
Nicola Ecob
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Main Property ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Grain Boundary Structure ◽  
Property Changes

This brief review seeks to summarize some of the main property changes which may be induced by altering the grain structure of materials. Where appropriate an interpretation is given of these changes in terms of current theories of grain boundary structure, and some examples from current studies are presented at the end of this paper.

New data on the life history and ecology of the deep-sea hooked squid Taningia danae

Sarsia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guerra A. ◽  
Rocha F. ◽  
A. F. González
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Deep Sea
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