Something old, something new: revisiting the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) life table after 65 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Dancau ◽  
Tim Haye ◽  
Naomi Cappuccino ◽  
Peter G. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Destructive Sampling ◽  
Moth Population ◽  
Central Experimental Farm ◽  
History Of

AbstractNearly 65 years ago, D.G. Harcourt developed the first of 74 life tables of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), on the Central Experimental Farm in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada and at nearby sites. This work is cited whenever authors discuss the life history of the diamondback moth and its parasitoids in Canada. Since Harcourt’s study, climate change, urbanisation, and crop diversity may have altered the population dynamics of both the diamondback moth and its natural enemy community in the original study area. To follow up on Harcourt’s work, we used two approaches to build life tables to describe mortality factors in the field and the natural enemies attacking diamondback moth in Ottawa: destructive sampling of mature cabbage, Brassica oleracea Linnaeus (Brassicaceae), plants similar to Harcourt’s approach and a modern sentinel-based approach with an enemy exclusion cage treatment. After 65 years, the primary parasitoids attacking diamondback moth remained the same, although more parasitoid diversity was revealed by the destructive sampling technique. Total mortality and parasitism levels also remained similar. In one notable difference, we attributed more diamondback mortality to predation. Overall, however, diamondback moth population dynamics have changed little in Ottawa in the decades since Harcourt’s studies.

scholarly journals Population dynamics of Saissetia oleae. II. Life-tables and key-factor analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Kapatos ◽  
E.T. Stratopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Population System ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Key Factor Analysis ◽  
Table Data

A series of life-tables for the population of Saisselia oleae (Oliv.) (Homoptera: Coccidae) during five yearly generations (1981-86) were constructed in Corfu. Key-factor analysis carried out on the life-table data indicated that mortality of young stages during summer, caused mainly by the high temperatures, and mortality during spring, caused mainly by predation, determine total population change within each generation. These two mortality factors are the predominant factors of the population dynamics of S. oleae determining population fluctuations. The other mortality factors of the population system of S. oleae were less important. Summer parasites and egg predators, in particular, do not play any significant role on the population dynamics of S. oleae.

Major Factors in Survival of the Immature Stages of Pieris rapae (L.)

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Harcourt
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Pieris Rapae ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Major Factors

AbstractDetailed studies on the population dynamics of the imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae (L.), have been carried out at Merivale, Ontario, since 1959. A method for preparing life tables is described and a mean life table is presented for 18 generations of the species on cabbage. Population data for the preadult period show that there are three age intervals during which extensive mortality may occur: (1) between hatching and the second moult, (2) instars three to five, and (3) during the pupal stage. The analysis of successive age-interval survivals in relation to generation survival showed that the latter is largely determined by the survival rate for (2). Examination of the life tables revealed that a granulosis of the larvae caused by a capsule virus is the key factor in generation survival. Major mortality factors include rainfall and parasites.

Life tables for the diamondback moth ( Plutella xylostella ) in southeast Brazil indicate ants and spiders as leading mortality factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizeu S. Farias ◽  
Renata C. Santos ◽  
Daiane G. Carmo ◽  
João R. S. Soares ◽  
Thiago L. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Southeast Brazil

Design of a Sampling Plan for Studies on the Population Dynamics of the Diamondback Moth, Plutella maculipennis (Curt.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 820-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Harcourt
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Sampling Plan ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Successive Generations

In 1958, intensive studies on the population dynamics of the diamondback moth, Plutella maculipennis (Curt.), on cabbage were initiated in long-term study plots at Merivale, Ontario. The object was to construct ecological life tables (Morris and Miller, 1954) for successive generations of the insect, and, ultimately, to develop a mathematical model describing survival of field populations. This paper reports on the variation between samples of immature stages of the moth, and between some of the mortality factors affecting its abundance, and on the use of these data in designing a sampling plan with acceptable limits of precision.

scholarly journals 643 PB 401 TRAP CROP AND GENOTYPE EFFECT ON DIAMONDBACK MOTH POPULATION DYNAMICS IN HEAD CABBAGE

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 524g-524
Author(s):  
Hector R. Valenzuela ◽  
Joseph DeFrank ◽  
Greg Luther
Keyword(s):  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Trap Crop ◽  
Destructive Sampling ◽  
Moth Population ◽  
Trap Crops ◽  
Genotype Effect ◽  
Nitrogen Fertility ◽  
Head Cabbage

The diamondback moth (DBM). Plutella xylostella, is the number one pest of cabbage in the the world. The pest is resistant to most pesticides registered for its use, and resistance has also been detected in several areas for registered biopesticides. Four experiments were conducted to: 1) Determine the tolerance to DBM feeding among 20 commercial head cabbage cultivars, 2) Evaluate the effect of three nitrogen fertility levels on DBM numbers. and 3) Evaluate the effect of Indian mustard. Brassica juncea trap crops as a tool to manage DBM populations in head cabbage agroecosystems. Experiments were conducted at University of Hawaii experiment stations located in Kamuela. Hawaii, and in Kula, Maui. The trap crop treatments consisted of planting two border rows of Indian mustard in cabbage field borders. Three or 4 biweekly insect counts were conducted for each trial. Insect counts consumed of destructive sampling of 3-6 plants per plot and determination of larvae and pupae number and parasitation levels. The nitrogen studies found more DBM in monoculture cabbage receiving 300 kg Ha-1 N than in controls even though cabbage yields did not vary among treatments. A range of tolerance to DBM feeding was found among the cultivars tested. The trap crop system was shown to be more effective during the summer than in the winter months. Data indicates that the trap crop also acted as attractant for beneficial insects, which may aid in the biological control of DBM in cabbage

scholarly journals Occurrence of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) in the Slovak Republic and its outbreaks during 1945–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-71
Author(s):  
Milan Zúbrik ◽  
Andrej Kunca ◽  
Ján Kulfan ◽  
Slavomír Rell ◽  
Christo Nikolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Moth Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Entomophaga Maimaiga ◽  
History Of

Abstract The gypsy moth is one of the most serious pests in forests and fruit tree plantations over prevailing parts of the Northern Hemisphere. This work is based on a literature review, and presents history of gypsy moth Lymantria dispar L., observed in Slovak forests within the period 1945–2020. The life cycle, hosts, natural enemies, population dynamics of pests, impact of outbreaks on forests and different management methods used in the past are discussed. Since 1945, there were nine gypsy moth outbreaks in Slovakia. Between 1945 and 2020, a total of 155,034 ha of deciduous forests were touched with varying intensity, representing an average annual damage of 2,040 ha. The strongest outbreak culminated in 2004. Totally 51,479 ha were attacked in the period of 2000–2008. We have found outbreak periods that repeat with frequency of 7.8 ±2.2 years and the average outbreak phase lasts 3.1 ±1.1 years. The period between two subsequent outbreaks seems to be more or less constant and duration of the outbreak phase seems to be gradually shortened during the study period. Several factors influencing the gypsy moth population dynamics in Slovakia are discussed. The role of biological control by using entomopathogenic fungus Entomophaga maimaiga is described.

Population dynamics of the green tiger prawn, Penaeus semisulcatus de Haan, 1844 in the Saudi coast of the Arabian Gulf

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. N. Alrashada ◽  
A. Tharwat ◽  
A. Boqursain
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Von Bertalanffy Model ◽  
Penaeus Semisulcatus ◽  
Tiger Prawn ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females

The present study examines the population dynamics of the green tiger prawn, Penaeus semisulcatus, in western Arabian Gulf. Monthly length-frequency samples were collected from Dareen port, between May 2013 and April 2014. Maximum carapace lengths recorded were 38 and 36.67 mm for males and females respectively. The growth analysis using von Bertalanffy model showed different growth patterns between males (CL¥= 51.50 mm; k = 1.77 yr-1) and females (CL¥ = 62 mm; k = 1.10 yr-1). Total mortality was also found to differ between the two genders with 4.65 yr-1 for males and 3.37 yr-1 for females. Estimates of natural mortality of males and females were 2.12 yr-1 and 1.47 yr-1 respectively. In all, the results found herein were consistent with the few published studies on the life history of Penaeus semisulcatus in the Arabian Gulf

HUBUNGAN TUNGAU DEBU RUMAH, PAPARAN ASAP ROKOK DAN RIWAYAT PENYAKIT KELUARGA TERHADAP KEJADIAN ASMA BRONKIAL PADA ANAK USIA 5 – 10 TAHUN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LEMPAKE KOTA SAMARINDA TAHUN 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sri Evi New Yearsi Pangadongan ◽  
Agustina Rahyu ◽  
Selvy Pasulu
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
History Of ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
And Gender

Bronchial Asthma generally starts from childhood which is condition where respiration channel experiences constriction because of hyperactivity with some specific stimulation which cause inflammation. Some risk factors are smoking exposure of cigarette smoke, weather changes, mite on house dirt, pet and history of family sickness. The purpose of this research is to know Relation of mite on house dirt, exposure of cigarette smoke  and history of family sickness with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10  years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016. Method which used was analytic survey with Case Control approaching. The total sample was 36 children which consisted of 18 case group and 18 control group with matching by using age and gender which submitted with Purposive Sampling technique. Data Analysis used Chi Square with wrong degree α = 0,005. The result showed that there was relation of mite of house dirt (p = 0,006), history of family sickness (p = 0,001) and no relation with exposure of cigarette smoke (p = 0,370) with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10 years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016.

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